Generalfeldmarschall
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Generalfeldmarschall (General Field Marshal, usually translated simply as Field Marshal, and sometimes written only as Feldmarschall) was a rank in the armies of several German states and also of the Holy Roman Empire and Austrian Empire which could be granted to active officers only in wartime. In the Prussian Army and later in the German Army the rank had several privileges, such as a constant escort/protection. In 1854 the rank of Generaloberst (Colonel-General) was created in order to promote Prince Wilhelm to senior rank without breaking the rule that only wartime field commanders could receive the rank of field marshal. In 1870 Prince Friedrich Karl and Kronprinz Friedrich Wilhelm became the first Prussian princes appointed field marshals.
In the German armies the rank of General Field Marshal was the highest military rank until 1945. Its equivalent in the navy was Grossadmiral (Grand Admiral). The rank was, in effect, abolished after the fall of the Third Reich. Currently, the highest rank in the reconstituted Bundeswehr is General.
The Nationale Volksarmee (NVA) of the German Democratic Republic created the rank of Marschall der DDR (Marshal of the GDR) on the 25 March 1982. A general could be appointed to this rank by the Staatsrat (the head-of-state council of the GDR) during war or for exceptional military achievement. During the few years between the rank's creation and the fall of the GDR in 1990, nobody had been appointed to the rank.
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Electorate and Kingdom of Saxony
- 21 June 1631 - Johann Georg Graf von Arnim
- 24 November 1632 - Duke Franz Albrecht of Saxony-Lauenburg
- 19 October 1638 - Rudolf Graf von Morzin (also Morozin)
- 1 January 1666 - Ernst Albrecht Freiherr von Eberstein
- 28 August 1681 - Joachim Rüdiger Freiherr von der Goltz
- 8 September 1688 - Heino Heinrich Graf von Flemming
- 9 April 1691 - Hans Adam von Schöning
- 10 May 1693 - Jeremias von Chauvet
- 30 September 1697 - Prince Heinrich VI of Reuss-Plauen
- 27 August 1699 - Adam Heinrich Graf von Steinau
- 3 December 1706 - Georg Benedikt Freiherr von Ogilvy
- 22 February 1712 - Jakob Heinrich Graf von Flemming
- 17 April 1730 - Christoph August Graf von Wackerbarth
- 26 November 1735 - Duke Johann Adolf II of Saxony-Weissenfels
- 11 January 1749 - Friedrich August Graf Rutowski
- 27 July 1763 - Johann Georg Chevalier de Saxe
- 6 January 1775 - Prince Friedrich of Anhalt-Dessau
- 11 July 1871 - Crown Prince Albert (later King) of Saxony
- 15 June 1888 - Crown Prince Georg (later King) of Saxony
Electorate and Kingdom of Bavaria
Electorate of Brandenburg and Kingdom of Prussia
- 20 June 1657 - Otto Christoph von Sparr (1599-1668)
- 1670 - Georg Reichsfreiherr von Derfflinger (1606-1695)
- 24 January 1670 - Prince Johann Georg II of Anhalt-Dessau (1627-1693)
- 1688 - Hans Adam von Schöning (1641-1696)
- 1 May 1691 - Heino Heinrich Graf von Flemming (1632-1706)
- Alexander Freiherr von Spaen (1619-1692)
- Prince Friedrich II of Hessen-Homburg (1633-1708)
- 1698 - Johann Albrecht Reichsgraf von Barfus (1634-1704)
- 23 March 1706 - Alexander Hermann Graf von Wartensleben (1650-1734)
- 1712 - Leopold I of Anhalt-Dessau 1676-1747)
- 1713 - Carl Philipp Reichsgraf von Wylich und Lottum (1650-1719)
- 1713 - Alexander Graf zu Dohna (1661-1728
- 1733 - Albrecht Konrad Graf Finck von Finckenstein (1660-1735)
- 1737 - Friedrich Wilhelm von Grumbkow (1678-1739
- Dubislaw Gneomar von Natzmer (1654-1739)
- 1739 - Erhard Ernst von Röder (1665-1743)
- 1740 - Hans Heinrich Graf von Katte (1681-1741)
- 1740 - Kurt Christoph Graf von Schwerin (1684-1757)
- 1741 - Samuel Graf von Schmettau (1684-1751)
- 1742 - Caspar Otto von Glasenapp (1664-1747)
- 24 May 1747 - Henning Alexander von Kleist (1676-1749)
- 19 March 1745 - Wilhelm Dietrich von Buddenbrock (1672-1757)
- 1747 - Christoph Wilhelm von Kalckstein (1682-1759)
- 18 September 1747 - James Keith (1696-1758)
- 1751 - Friedrich Leopold Graf von Gessler (16881762)
- 1751 - Hans von Lehwaldt (1685-1768)
- 1757 - Prince Moritz of Anhalt-Dessau (1712-1760)
- November 1758 - Duke Ferdinand of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1721-1792)
- 1787 - Duke Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand of Braunschweig (1735-1806)
- 1793 - Wichard von Moellendorff (1724-1816)
- Alexander von Knobelsdorff (1723-1799)
- 1805 - Wilhelm Magnus von Brünnecke (1727-1817)
- 21 July 1807 Wilhelm René de l'Homme de Courbière (1733-1811)
- 1807 Friedrich Adolf Graf von Kalckreuth (1737-1818)
- 19 October 1813 - Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (1742-1819)
- 1821 - Friedrich Graf Kleist von Nollendorf, (1763-1823)
- 1821 - Johann David Ludwig Graf Yorck von Wartenburg (1759-1830)
- 1825 - August Graf Neidhardt von Gneisenau (1760-1831)
- 1839 - Hans Ernst Karl Graf von Zieten (1770-1848)
- 8 July 1847 - Hermann von Boyen (1771-1848)
- 1847 - Karl Friedrich von dem Knesebeck (1768-1848)
- Karl Freiherr von Müffling (1775-1851)
- 14 March 1854 - Friedrich Karl Graf zu Dohna-Schlobitten (1784-1859)
- 5 August 1856 Friedrich Graf von Wrangel (1784-1877)
- 27 January 1916 - HIM Sultan Mehmed V of Turkey (1844-1918)
- 6 September 1918 - HIM Sultan Mehmed VI of Turkey (1861-1926)
Holy Roman Empire
- Gottfried Graf von Pappenheim (1594-1632)
- 1632 - Johann Reichsgraf von Aldringer (1588-1634)
- 1634 - Prince Octavio Piccolomini, Duke of Amalfi (1599-1656)
- Raimundo, Count of Montecuccoli (1609-1680)
- 1688 - Prince Eugene of Savoy (1663-1736)
- Count Alexander Karolyi (1668-1743)
- 1737 - Ludwig Andreas Khevenhüller Graf von Aschelberg-Frankenburg (1683-1744)
- 1737 - Friedrich Graf von Seckendorf (1673-1763)
- 1741 - Otto Ferdinand Graf von Abensperg und Traun (1677-1748)
- 1753 - Maximilian Ulysses Reichsgraf von Browne (1705-1757)
- 1754 - Leopold Graf von Daun (1705-1766)
- 1758 - Prince Pal Antal Esterhazy (d.1762)
- 1765 - Franz Moritz Graf von Lacy Lascy (1725-1801)
- 1768 - Prince Miklos Jozsef Esterhazy (1714-1790)
- February 1778 - Ernst Freiherr von Loudon (1717-1790)
- 1791 - Prince Alexander Suvorov (1729-1800)
- 1795 - Dagobert Graf von Wurmser (1724-1797)
- 1796 - Archduke Charles of Austria (1771-1847)
Austrian Empire
- 1806 - Heinrich Graf von Bellegarde (1756-1845)
- 1808 - Josef Freiherr Alvinczy von Borberek (1735-1810)
- 1809 - Charles Joseph, Prince de Ligne (1735-1814)
- 1813 - Karl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg (1771-1820)
- 1833 - Alfred I, Fürst zu Windisch-Grätz (1787-1862)
- 1836 - Josef Graf zu Radetzky von Radetz (1766-1858)
- 1848 - Emperor Franz Josef of Austria (1830-1916)
- 1860 - Heinrich Freiherr von Hess (1788-1870)
- 4 April 1863 - Archduke Albrecht of Austria (1817-1895)
Imperial Germany
- 28 October 1870 - Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia (1828-1885)
- 28 October 1870 - Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia (1831-1888)
- 8 April 1871 - Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld (1796-1884)
- 8 April 1871 - Karl Friedrich von Steinmetz (1796-1877)
- 16 June 1871 - Helmuth Graf von Moltke (1800-1891)
- 11 July 1871 - Crown Prince Albert (later King) of Saxony
- 1 January 1873 - Albrecht Graf von Roon (1803-1879)
- 1873 - Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel (1809-1885)
- 15 March 1888 - Leonhard Graf von Blumenthal (1810-1900)
- 15 March 1888 - Crown Prince Georg of Saxony
- 19 June 1888 - Prince Albrecht of Prussia
- 19 June 1888 - Archduke Albrecht of Austria
- 27 February 1895 - Emperor Franz Josef of Austria-Hungary (1830-1916)
- 6 May 1900 - Alfred Graf von Waldersee (1832-1904)
- 1 January 1905 - Gottlieb Graf von Haeseler (1836-1919)
- 1 January 1905 - Wilhelm von Hahnke (1833-1912)
- 1 January 1905 - Walter Freiherr von Loë (1828-1908)
- 9 September 1906 - Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught (1850-1942)
- 20 April 1909 - King Carol I of Romania
- 1 January 1911 - Max von Bock und Pollach
- 1 January 1911 - Alfred Graf von Schlieffen (1833-1913)
- 1 January 1911 - Colmar Freiherr von der Goltz (1843-1916)
- 16 May 1911 - King George V of the United Kingdom
- 11 September 1912 - King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony
- 8 August 1913 - King Constantine I of Greece
- 2 November 1914 - Paul von Hindenburg (1847-1934)
- 27 January 1915 - Karl von Bülow (1846-1921)
- 22 June 1915 - Archduke Friedrich of Austria
- 22 June 1915 - August von Mackensen (1849-1945)
- 26 June 1915 - Prince Ludwig of Bavaria (1845-1921)
- 23 July 1916 - William II of Württemberg (1848-1921)
- 1 August 1916 - Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria (1869-1955)
- 1 August 1916 - Prince Leopold of Bavaria (1846-1930)
- 1 August 1916 - Duke Albrecht of Württemberg (1865-1939)
- 18 January 1916 - King Ferdinand of Bulgaria
- 1 February 1916 - Sultan Mehmed V of the Ottoman Empire
- 1916 - Franz Graf Conrad von Hötzendorf (1852-1925)
- 12 February 1917 - Emperor Karl of Austria (1887-1922)
- 18 December 1917 - Hermann von Eichhorn (1848-1918)
- 31 December 1917 - Remus von Woyrsch (1847-1920)
Austria-Hungary
- 8 December 1914 - Archduke Friedrich of Austria (1856-1936)
- 1916 - Emperor Karl of Austria (1887-1922)
- 23 November 1916 - Archduke Eugen of Austria (1863-1954)
- 25 November 1916 - Franz Graf Conrad von Hötzendorf (1852-1925)
- 5 November 1917 - Hermann Freiherr Kövess von Kövesshaza (1854-1924)
- 5 November 1917 - Alexander Freiherr von Krobatin (1849-1933)
- 30 January 1918 - Franz Freiherr Rohr von Denta (1854-1927)
- 31 January 1918 - Eduard Freiherr von Böhm-Ermolli (1856-1941)
- 1 February 1918 - Svetozar Boroevic von Bojna (1856-1920)
- 24 October 1918 - Archduke Joseph August of Austria (1872-1962)
Germany (WW2)
- 20 April 1936 - Werner von Blomberg (1878-1946)
- 4 February 1938 - Hermann Göring (1893-1946)
- 19 July 1940 - Walther von Brauchitsch (1881-1948)
- 19 July 1940 - Albert Kesselring (1885-1960)
- 19 July 1940 - Wilhelm Keitel (1882-1946)
- 19 July 1940 - Günther von Kluge (1882-1944)
- 19 July 1940 - Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb (1876-1956)
- 19 July 1940 - Fedor von Bock (1880-1945)
- 19 July 1940 - Wilhelm List (1880-1971)
- 19 July 1940 - Erwin von Witzleben (1881-1944)
- 19 July 1940 - Walther von Reichenau (1884-1942)
- 19 July 1940 - Erhard Milch (1892-1972)
- 19 July 1940 - Hugo Sperrle (1885-1953)
- 19 July 1940 - Gerd von Rundstedt (1875-1953)
- 31 October 1940 - Eduard Freiherr von Böhm-Ermolli (1856-1941)
- 22 June 1942 - Erwin Rommel (1891-1944)
- 30 June 1942 - Georg von Küchler (1881-1968)
- 1 July 1942 - Erich von Manstein (1887-1973)
- 31 January 1943 - Friedrich Paulus (1890-1957)
- 1 February 1943 - Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist (1881-1954)
- 1 February 1943 - Maximilian Reichsfreiherr von Weichs (1881-1954)
- 1 February 1943 - Ernst Busch (1885-1945)
- 16 February 1943 - Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen (1895-1945)
- 1 March 1944 - Walther Model (1891-1945)
- 5 April 1945 - Ferdinand Schörner (1892-1973)
- 25 April 1945 - Robert Ritter von Greim (1892-1945)de:Generalfeldmarschall
pl:Lista feldmarszałków niemieckich sl:Seznam nemÅ¡kih marÅ¡alov sv:Generalfältmarskalk