1609
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| Years: 1606 1607 1608 - 1609 - 1610 1611 1612 | |
| Decades: 1570s 1580s 1590s - 1600s - 1610s 1620s 1630s | |
| Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century | |
| Contents |
Events
- April 4 – King of Spain signs an edit of expulsion of all moriscos from Spain
- April 9 – Spain recognizes Dutch independence
- May 23 - Official ratification of the Second Charter of Virginia.
- July 6 - Bohemia is granted freedom of religion.
- August 25 - Galileo Galilei demonstrates his first telescope to Venetian lawmakers. He is the first to perform observational astronomy as he observes the moons of Jupiter
- August 28 - Henry Hudson is the first European to see Delaware Bay.
- September 2 - Henry Hudson enters New York Bay aboard the Halve Maen.
- September 11 – Valencia expulses all the Moriscos
- October 12 - "Three Blind Mice" published by London teenage songwriter Thomas Ravenscroft.
- Samuel de Champlain claims the Lake Champlain area of Vermont for France.
- The first published rounds in English are published by Thomas Ravenscroft.
- Claudio Monteverdi publishes his first opera, Orfeo.
- The Douay Rheims bible is published in England.
- Bermuda is first settled, by English shipwreck victims en route to Virginia.
- The Netherlands and Spain agree to the Twelve Years' Truce in the Eighty Years' War
- Dutch East India Company imports tea to Europe
- Japanese clan of Shimizu conquers Okinawa
- Cornelius Drebbel invents thermostat
- Henry Hudson explores Delaware Bay and Hudson River
- Warsaw becomes the capital of Poland
Science
- Johannes Kepler publishes his first two laws of planetary motion in Astronomia Nova
- Hugo Grotius - Mare liberum
Births
- February 10 - John Suckling, English Cavalier poet (died 1642)
- February 18 - Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, English historian and statesman (died 1674)
- March 22 - John II Casimir of Poland (died 1672)
- March 28 - King Frederick III of Denmark (died 1670)
- March 29 - Sarah Boyle, English noblewoman (died 1633)
- June 29 - Pierre Paul Riquet, French engineer and canal builder (died 1680)
- August 19 - Jean de Rotrou, French poet and tragedian
- November 25 - Princess Henrietta Maria of France, wife of Charles I of England (died 1669)
- December 24 - Philip Warwick, English writer and politician (died 1683)
- Gauthier de Costes, seigneur de la Calprenède, French novelist and dramatist (died 1663)
- John Clarke, English physician (died 1676)
- Samuel Cooper, English miniature painter (died 1672)
- Nathaniel Eaton, first schoolmaster of Harvard College (died 1674)
- Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand, Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands (died 1641)
- Paul Fleming, German poet (died 1640)
- Jan Fyt, Belgian animal painter (died 1661)
- Matthew Hale, Lord Chief Justice of England (died 1676)
- Alberich Mazak, Austrian composer (died 1661)
- Hannibal Sehested, Danish statesman (died 1666)
- John Underhill, English soldier and colonist (died 1672)
- Gerrard Winstanley, English Protestant religious reformer (died 1676)
- Lucas d'Achéry, learned French Benedictine (died 1685)
Deaths
- January 21 - Joseph Justus Scaliger, French protestant scholar (born 1540)
- February 17 - Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (born 1549)
- March 9 - William Warner, English poet
- March 25 - Olaus Martini, Archbishop of Uppsala
- April 4 - Charles de L'Ecluse, seigneur de Watènes (born 1526)
- May 15 - Giovanni Croce, Italian composer (born 1557)
- July 15 - Annibale Carracci, Italian painter (born 1560)
- October 1 - Giammateo Asola, Italian composer
- December 4 - Alexander Hume, Scottish poet (born 1560)
- Al-Jilani, Persian physician
- Mateo Alemán, Spanish novelist and man of letters (born 1547)
- Yamada Arinobu, Japanese nobleman (born 1544)
- Jacobus Arminius, Dutch Reformed theologian (born 1560)
- James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran
- Barnabe Barnes, English poet (born 1568)
- Giovanni Giacomo Gastoldi, Italian Baroque composer (born 1582)
- Mark Kerr, 1st Earl of Lothian, Scottish statesman (born 1553)
- Federigo Zuccaro, Italian painter (born 1543)af:1609
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