1526
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| Years: 1523 1524 1525 - 1526 - 1527 1528 1529 | |
| Decades: 1490s 1500s 1510s - 1520s - 1530s 1540s 1550s | |
| Centuries: 15th century - 16th century - 17th century | |
Events
- January 14 - Treaty of Madrid. Peace between Francis I of France and Charles V. Francis agrees to cede Burgundy to Charles, and abandons all claims to Flanders, Artois, Naples, and Milan.
- May 22 - Francis repudiates the Treaty of Madrid and forms the League of Cognac against Charles, including the Pope, Milan, Venice, and Florence.
- July 24 - Milan is captured by the Spanish.
- August 29 - Battle of Mohács. The Turkish army of Sultan Suleiman I defeats the Hungarian army of King Louis II, who is killed in the retreat. Suleiman takes Buda, while Archduke Ferdinand of Austria and John Zapolya, Prince of Transylvania, dispute over the succession.
- Dubrovnik achieves independence, although acknowledges Turkish overlordship.
- First official translation of the New Testament of the Bible in Swedish (cf 1541).
- First battle of Panipat - Babur becomes Moghul (or Mughal) emperor of India, captures Delhi, and invades Northern India, beginning the Mughal empire which would last until 1858.
- Emperor Go-Nara ascends to the throne of Japan.
- First official translation of the New Testament in English by William Tyndale arrives in England from Germany about the spring of 1526.
Births
- February 19 - Charles de L'Ecluse, seigneur de Watènes (died 1609)
- April 12 - Muretus, French humanist (died 1585)
- Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon (died 1596)
- Catherine Jagellonica of Poland, queen of John III of Sweden (died 1583)
- Ikoma Chikamasa, daimyo in the Azuchi-Momoyama period and Edo period (died 1603)
- Taqi al-Din, Muslim scientist (died 1585)
- Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski, Lithuanian prince (died 1608)
- Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland, Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire (died 1563)
Deaths
- January 19 - Isabella of Burgundy, queen of Christian II of Denmark (born 1501)
- February 1 - Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester (born 1460)
- February 23 - Diego Colón, son of Christopher Columbus and viceroy of the Indies (born 1479)
- March 30 - Konrad Mutian, German humanist (born 1471)
- April 21 - Ibrahim Lodi, last Sultan of Delhi (died in battle)
- May 19 - , Emperor Go-Kashiwabara of Japan (born 1464)
- August 4 - Juan Sebastián Elcano, Spanish explorer (born 1476)
- Lucas Vásquez de Ayllón, Spanish explorer (born 1475)
- Francisco Hernández de Córdoba, founder of Spanish colony of Nicaragua
- Conrad Grebel, co-founder of the Anabaptist movement (born 1498)
- Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia (born 1506)
- Conradus Mutianus Rufus, significant German humanist (born 1471)af:1526
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