February 12
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February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 322 days remaining, 323 in leap years.
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Events
- 1354 - Treaty of Stralsund settles border disputes between the duchies of Mecklenburg and Pomerania.
- 1541 - Santiago, Chile is founded by Pedro de Valdivia.
- 1554 - A year after claiming the throne of England for nine days, Lady Jane Grey is beheaded for treason.
- 1689 - The Convention Parliament convened and declared that the flight to France in 1688 by James II, the last Catholic British monarch, had constituted an abdication.
- 1719 - The Onderlinge van 1719 u.a., the oldest existing life insurance company in the Netherlands is founded
- 1733 - Englishman James Oglethorpe founds the 13th and final American colony of Georgia, and its first city at Savannah.
- 1737 - The San Carlo, the oldest working opera house in Europe, is inaugurated.
- 1771 - Gustav III became the King of Sweden when his father Adolf Frederick "ate himself to death".
- 1817 - Chilean patriotic army, after cross the Andes, defeat Spanish troops on the battle of Chacabuco
- 1818 - Bernardo O'Higgins signs the Independence of Chile near Concepción.
- 1825 - The Creek cede the last of their lands in Georgia to the United States government, and migrate west.
- 1832 - Ecuador annexes the Galápagos Islands.
- 1870 - Women gain the right to vote in Utah Territory.
- 1879 - At New York City's Madison Square Garden the first artificial ice rink in North America opens.
- 1892 - Former President Abraham Lincoln's birthday is declared a national holiday in the United States.
- 1894 - 22-year-old Anarchist Emile Henry hurls a bomb into Paris's Cafe Terminus, killing one and wounding 20.
- 1909 - The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is founded.
- 1912 - Xuantong Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, the last Emperor of China, abdicates.
- 1912 - China adopts the Gregorian calendar.
- 1915 - In Washington, DC, the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial is put into place.
- 1924 - Calvin Coolidge becomes the first President of the United States to deliver a political speech on radio.
- 1934 - The Export-Import Bank is incorporated.
- 1938 - Anschluss: German troops enter Austria.
- 1946 - Operation Deadlight ends after scuttling 121 of 154 captured U-boats.
- 1951 - Soraya Esfandiary Bakhtiari marries the Shah of Iran Reza Pahlavi at Golestan Palace in Teheran at age of 17.
- 1973 - Ohio becomes the first U.S. state to post distance in SI units on signs.
- 1973 - Vietnam War: The first American prisoners of war are released by the Viet Cong.
- 1994 - 1994 Winter Olympics open in Lillehammer, Norway.
- 1998 - The presidential line-item veto is declared unconstitutional by United States federal judge.
- 1999 - President Bill Clinton is acquitted by the United States Senate in his impeachment trial.
- 2001 - NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft touchdown in the "saddle" region of 433 Eros becoming the first spacecraft to land on an asteroid.
- 2002 - The trial of former President of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Slobodan Milosevic begins at the United Nations war crimes tribunal in The Hague.
- 2002 - Nuclear waste: US Secretary of Energy makes the decision that Yucca Mountain is suitable to be the United States' nuclear repository.
- 2002 - An Iran Air Tupolev Tu-154 crashes prior to landing in Khorramabad, Iran, killing 119
- 2004 - Mayor Gavin Newsom of San Francisco, California, on National Freedom to Marry Day, ordered his county clerk to revise marriage licenses to allow gay and lesbian couples to legally wed.
- 2004 - Mattel Inc. announces the split of Barbara Millicent Roberts and Ken Carson after 43 years of dating.
- 2005 - Former Vermont governor and presidential candidate Howard Dean becomes chairman of the Democratic National Committee.
Births
- 1567 - Thomas Campion, English composer, poet (d. 1620)
- 1637 - Jan Swammerdam, Dutch scientist (d. 1680)
- 1663 - Cotton Mather, New England Puritan minister (d. 1728)
- 1768 - Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1835)
- 1775 - Louisa Adams, First Lady, wife of President John Quincy Adams (d. 1852)
- 1777 - Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué, French poet (d. 1843)
- 1809 - Charles Darwin, English naturalist (d. 1882)
- 1809 - Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (d. 1865)
- 1818 - Otto Ludwig, German writer
- 1857 - Bobby Peel, Yorkshire left-arm spinner and leading bowler of 1880s and 1890s (d. 1943).
- 1861 - Lou Andreas-Salome, author (d. 1937)
- 1865 - Kazimierz Tetmajer, full name Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer, Polish poet and writer (d. 1940)
- 1880 - John L. Lewis, American labor union leader (d. 1969)
- 1881 - Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (d. 1931)
- 1884 - Max Beckmann, painter and graphic artist (d. 1950)
- 1884 - Marie Vassilieff, Russian artist (d. 1957)
- 1893 - Omar Bradley, American general (d. 1981)
- 1898 - Wallace Ford, actor
- 1900 - Roger J. Traynor, American judge (d. 1980)
- 1904 - Ted Mack, American television host (d. 1976)
- 1907 - Joseph Kearns, American actor (d. 1962)
- 1911 - Stephen H. Sholes, American recording executive (d. 1968)
- 1912 - R. F. Delderfield, English author (d. 1972)
- 1914 - Tex Beneke, musician, band leader (d. 2000)
- 1915 - Lorne Greene, American actor (d. 1987)
- 1916 - Joseph Alioto, mayor of San Francisco (d. 1998)
- 1919 - Forrest Tucker, actor (d. 1986)
- 1920 - William Roscoe Estep, Baptist historian and professor (d. 2000)
- 1923 - Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film director
- 1925 - Sir Anthony Berry, British politician (d. 1984)
- 1926 - Paul Kurtz, philosopher, founder of numerous secular humanist groups
- 1926 - Charles Van Doren, quiz show contestant
- 1926 - Joe Garagiola, American baseball player
- 1930 - Arlen Specter, Senator from Pennsylvania
- 1931 - Janwillem van de Wetering, author
- 1932 - Julian Simon, economist, author (d. 1998)
- 1933 - Costa-Gavras, director, writer
- 1934 - Bill Russell, basketball star
- 1936 - Joe Don Baker, American actor
- 1936 - Paul Shenar, actor
- 1937 - Charles Dumas, American high jumper
- 1938 - Judy Blume, American author
- 1938 - Johnny Rutherford, auto racer
- 1939 - Ray Manzarek, keyboardist
- 1942 - Ehud Barak, Prime Minister of Israel
- 1943 - Samuel Karokikki, athlete
- 1945 - Maud Adams, Swedish actress
- 1945 - Cliff De Young, actor
- 1950 - Michael Ironside, actor
- 1953 - Joanna Kerns, American television actress and director
- 1954 - Philip Zimmermann, cryptographer
- 1955 - Arsenio Hall, American actor, talk show host
- 1964 - Raphael Sbarge, actor
- 1967 - Chris McKinstry, computer scientist
- 1968 - Chynna Phillips, American singer
- 1969 - Hong Myung-Bo, South Korean football player
- 1970 - Jim Creeggan, bass player for Barenaked Ladies
- 1976 - Silvia Saint, porn star
- 1980 - Christina Ricci, actress
- 1980 - Juan Carlos Ferrero, tennis player
- 1984 - Bianca Isolda, photographer and friend of Fabricio von Seehausen
Deaths
- 1538 - Albrecht Altdorfer, German painter
- 1554 - Lady Jane Grey, queen of Henry VIII of England (beheaded) (b. 1537)
- 1595 - Archduke Ernest of Austria, governor of the Spanish Netherlands
- 1612 - Christopher Clavius, astronomer
- 1771 - King Adolf Frederick of Sweden (b. 1710)
- 1799 - Lazzaro Spallanzani, biologist (b. 1729)
- 1804 - Immanuel Kant, German philosopher (b. 1724)
- 1916 - Richard Dedekind, mathematician (b. 1831)
- 1929 - Lily Langtry, singer and actress
- 1933 - Henri Duparc, French composer (b. 1848)
- 1949 - Imam Hassan al Banna, Egyptian Islamist and founder of the Muslim Brotherhood (b. 1906)
- 1951 - Choudhary Rahmat Ali, founding father of Pakistan (b. 1895)
- 1954 - Dziga Vertov, Russian filmmaker (b. 1896)
- 1971 - James C. Penney, American department store founder (b. 1875)
- 1976 - Sal Mineo, actor (b. 1939)
- 1979 - Jean Renoir, director (b. 1894)
- 1982 - Victor Jory, Canadian actor (b. 1902)
- 1983 - Eubie Blake, musician and songwriter (b. 1883 or 1887)
- 1984 - Julio Cortázar, author, intellectual (b. 1914)
- 1985 - Nicholas Colasanto, American actor
- 1992 - María Elena Moyano, Peruvian activist (b. 1960)
- 1993 - James Bulger, murder victim (b. 1990)
- 1995 - Robert Bolt, writer (b. 1924)
- 1995 - Philip Taylor Kramer, musician (Iron Butterfly)
- 1996 - Bob Shaw, author (b. 1931)
- 2000 - Screamin' Jay Hawkins, musician (b. 1929)
- 2000 - Tom Landry, American football coach (b. 1924)
- 2000 - Charles Schulz, American comics author (b. 1922)
- 2000 - Oliver, singer
- 2001 - Kristina Söderbaum, German actress and photographer (b. 1912)
- 2005 - Rafael Vidal, Venezuelan athlete (b. 1964)
- 2005 - Brian Kelly, American actor
Holidays and observances
- United States - Lincoln's Birthday (traditionally)
- 1991, 2002, 2013 Shrove Tuesday (Mardi Gras)
- Georgia Day in the U.S. state of Georgia
- National Freedom to Marry Day (unofficial)
- Darwin Day
External links
- BBC: On This Day (http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/12)
- Today in History: February 12 (http://www.tnl.net/when/2/12)
February 11 - February 13 - January 12 - March 12 – listing of all days
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