February 13
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February 13 is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 321 days remaining, 322 in leap years.
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Events
- 1130 - Innocent II is voted Pope.
- 1542 - Catherine Howard, the fifth wife of Henry VIII of England, is executed for adultery.
- 1575 - Henry III of France is crowned at Reims
- 1633 - Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition.
- 1635 - The first public school in the U.S., Boston Latin Public School, is founded.
- 1668 - Spain recognizes Portugal as an independent nation.
- 1689 - William and Mary are proclaimed co-rulers of England.
- 1692 - Massacre of Glencoe : About 78 Macdonalds at Glen Coe, Scotland are killed early in the morning for not promptly pledging allegiance to the new king, William of Orange.
- 1815 - The Cambridge Union Society founded.
- 1866 - The first daylight robbery in United States history during peacetime takes place in Liberty, Missouri. This is considered to be the first robbery committed by Jesse James and his gang, although James's role is disputed.
- 1880 - Thomas Edison observes the Edison effect.
- 1881 - The feminist newspaper La Citoyenne is first published in Paris by activist Hubertine Auclert.
- 1894 - Auguste and Louis Lumière patent the Cinematographe, a combination movie camera and projector.
- 1914 - Copyright: In New York City the ASCAP (for American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers) is established to protect the copyrighted musical compositions of its members.
- 1920 - The Negro National League is formed.
- 1934 - The Soviet steamship Cheliuskin sinks in the Arctic Ocean.
- 1935 - A jury in Flemington, New Jersey finds Bruno Hauptmann guilty of the 1932 kidnapping and murder of the Lindbergh baby, the son of Charles Lindbergh.
- 1945 - World War II: Soviet Union forces capture Budapest, Hungary from the Nazis.
- 1945 - World War II: The Royal Air Force bombers were dispatched to Dresden, Germany (see Bombing of Dresden in World War II).
- 1955 - Israel obtains 4 of the 7 Dead Sea scrolls.
- 1960 - Nuclear testing: France tests its first atomic bomb.
- 1971 - Vietnam War: Backed by American air and artillery support, South Vietnamese troops invade Laos.
- 1974 - Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in 1970, is exiled from the Soviet Union.
- 1978 - Hilton bombing: a bomb explodes in a refuse truck outside the Hilton Hotel in Sydney, Australia, killing two refuse collectors and a policeman.
- 1979 - The intense February 13, 1979 Windstorm strikes western Washington and sinks a 1/2-mile-long section of the Hood Canal Bridge
- 1984 - Konstantin Chernenko succeeds the late Yuri Andropov as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
- 1988 - 1988 Winter Olympic Games open in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- 1990 - German reunification: An agreement is reached for a two-stage plan to reunite Germany.
- 1991 - Gulf War: Two laser-guided "smart bombs" destroy an underground bunker in Baghdad killing hundreds of Iraqis civilians.
- 1996 - The Nepalese People's War began.
- 1997 - Tune-up and repair work on the Hubble Space Telescope is started by astronauts from the Space Shuttle Discovery.
- 1997 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above 7,000 for the first time closing at 7,022.44.
- 2000 - The last original Peanuts comic strip appears in newspapers a day after Charles M. Schulz died.
- 2001 - An earthquake measuring 6.6 on the Richter Scale hits El Salvador, killing at least 400.
- 2002 - Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom gives former New York City mayor Rudolph Giuliani an honorary knighthood.
- 2004 - Travis Metcalfe from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics discovers the universe's largest known diamond, white dwarf star BPM 37093.
Births
- 1457 - Mary of Burgundy, daughter of Charles the Bold and wife of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1482)
- 1599 - Pope Alexander VII (d. 1667)
- 1682 - Giovanni Battista Piazzetta, painter (d. 1754)
- 1743 - Joseph Banks, botanist and naturalist (d. 1820)
- 1805 - Peter Gustav Dirichlet, mathematician (d. 1859)
- 1873 - Feodor Chaliapin, operatic bass (d. 1938)
- 1884 - Alfred Carlton Gilbert, gold medal winner at 1908 Summer Olympics, inventor of Erector Set (d. 1961)
- 1885 - Bess Truman, First Lady, wife of President Harry S. Truman (d. 1982)
- 1892 - Grant Wood, painter (d. 1942)
- 1903 - Georges Simenon, thriller writer (d. 1989)
- 1908 - William Dozier, American film and television producer (d. 1991)
- 1910 - William Shockley, physicist (d. 1989)
- 1913 - George Barker, British poet (d. 1991)
- 1918 - Patty Berg, American golfer
- 1919 - Tennessee Ernie Ford, musician (d. 1991)
- 1919 - Eddie Robinson, American college football coach
- 1920 - Eileen Farrell, American opera soprano (d. 2002)
- 1923 - Michael Bilandic, mayor of Chicago (d. 2002)
- 1923 - Chuck Yeager, pilot of first supersonic flight
- 1923 - Yfrah Neaman, violinist (d. 2003)
- 1929 - Omar Torrijos, Panamanian ruler (d. 1981)
- 1930 - Ernst Fuchs, painter and graphic artist
- 1933 - Kim Novak, actress
- 1933 - Paul Biya, President of Cameroon
- 1934 - George Segal, actor
- 1937 - Susan Oliver, actress (d. 1990)
- 1938 - Oliver Reed, actor (d. 1999)
- 1939 - Beate Klarsfeld, German Holocaust investigator
- 1941 - Sigmar Polke, painter
- 1942 - Peter Tork, musician and actor (The Monkees)
- 1942 - Carol Lynley, American actress
- 1943 - Geoff Edwards, American game show host
- 1944 - Jerry Springer, television host
- 1944 - Stockard Channing, American actress
- 1944 - Bo Svenson, Swedish-American actor
- 1946 - Colin Matthews, British composer
- 1947 - Mike Krzyzewski, Duke University basketball coach, Basketball Hall of Famer
- 1950 - Peter Gabriel, musician
- 1951 - David Naughton, actor-singer
- 1954 - Donnie Moore, American baseball player (d. 1989)
- 1956 - Peter Hook, bass player for Joy Division and New Order, bass player and lead vocals for Revenge and Monaco
- 1958 - Pernilla August, actress
- 1960 - Pierluigi Collina, football referee
- 1960 - Matt Salinger, actor
- 1961 - Henry Rollins, musician
- 1961 - cEvin Key, musician
- 1968 - Kelly Hu, American actress
- 1971 - Sonia, British singer
- 1971 - Mats Sundin, hockey player, Captain of the Toronto Maple Leafs
- 1974 - Robbie Williams, Pop singer
- 1975 - Iván González, Puertorican DJ & Musician
- 1977 - Randy Moss, NFL star
- 1979 - Mena Suvari, American actress
Deaths
- 1130 - Pope Honorius II
- 1542 - Catherine Howard, fifth wife of Henry VIII of England (executed) (b. 1525)
- 1571 - Benvenuto Cellini, Italian artist (b. 1500)
- 1657 - Miles Sindercombe, attempted assassin of Oliver Cromwell
- 1660 - King Charles X of Sweden (b. 1622)
- 1728 - Cotton Mather, Puritan minister, author (b. 1663)
- 1787 - Ruđer Bošković, scientist and diplomat (b. 1711)
- 1883 - Richard Wagner, German composer (b. 1813)
- 1950 - Rafael Sabatini, author (b. 1875)
- 1951 - Lloyd C. Douglas, author (b. 1877)
- 1952 - Josephine Tey, English author (b. 1896)
- 1964 - Gerald Gardner, pagan writer (b. 1884)
- 1976 - Lily Pons, soprano (b. 1904)
- 1976 - Murtala Mohammed, Nigerian military leader (b. 1938)
- 1989 - Wayne Hays, American politician (b. 1911)
- 1980 - David Janssen, actor (b. 1930)
- 1996 - Martin Balsam, American actor (b. 1919)
- 2000 - Charles Schulz, cartoonist, creator of Peanuts (b. 1922)
- 2002 - Waylon Jennings, country musician (b. 1937)
- 2003 - Kid Gavilan, world boxing champion and hall of famer (b. 1926)
- 2003 - Walt Rostow, U.S. government official (b. 1916)
- 2004 - Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev, Chechen leader (b. 1952)
- 2005 - Lucia dos Santos, Carmelite nun (b. 1907)
- 2005 - Maurice Trintignant, race car driver (b. 1917)
- 2005 - Nelson Briles, Major League Baseball player (b. 1943)
Holidays and observances
External links
- BBC: On This Day (http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/13)
- Today in History: February 13 (http://www.tnl.net/when/2/13)
February 12 - February 14 - January 13 - March 13 -- listing of all days
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