Hayward, California
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Hayward is a city located in Alameda County, California. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 140,030. The suburbs of Mt. Eden and Schafer Park have been incorporated into Hayward.
Hayward is served by three high schools, Mt. Eden High School, Tennyson High School, and Hayward High School.
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History
The most recent pre-European inhabitants of the Hayward area were the Ohlone tribe of American Indians. The tribe claims a mere 500 members today.
In the 19th century, the land that is now Hayward became part of Rancho San Lorenzo, a large area of land granted by the Mexican government to Guillermo Castro (1810 - c. 1870) in 1840. The site of the house is on Castro Street at Clay Street, but the structure was demolished in the construction of the City Hall during the Great Depression. The surrounding area is still the center of town.
Hayward is named for William Hayward, a worker from a New England shoe factory who came to California in 1849 during the California gold rush. Upon his arrival, Hayward saw that making shoes would be more profitable than mining for gold. He squatted on Guillermo Castro's ranch for a while, and sought his assistance. Castro tried to evict him, but Hayward persuaded him otherwise by making him a pair of boots. His stubbornness and shoe-making ability convinced Castro to hire him. Hayward later bought 40 acres (160,000 m²) of Castro's land, which he used to establish a store and a small dairy operation.
Castro emigrated to Chile with most of his family in 1864, after he lost his land in a card game. The ranch was split up and sold to various locals, Hayward among them. His fortunes took a turn for the grander when he constructed a resort hotel, which eventually grew to a hundred rooms. The surrounding area came to be called "Hayward's" after the hotel.
Hayward then became the road commissioner for Alameda County. He used his authority to influence the construction of roads in his own favor. In 1876, a town was chartered under the name of 'Haywards'. However, it was not legal to name a post office after a living person, so the official name was 'Haywood'. William Hayward died in 1891.
Hayward grew steadily throughout the late 19th century, with an economy based on agriculture and tourism. A rail line to Oakland was established, but destroyed in an earthquake in 1868. Afterward, it was sold to a larger company and revived.
The 1940s and the Second World War brought an economic and population boom to the area, as factories opened to manufacture war material. Many of the workers stayed after the end of the war.
Mt. Eden and Schafer Park
The first European settlers in Mt. Eden were band of pioneers from Mt. Eden, Kentucky who (like Hayward) were drawn to California by the gold rush. The party disbanded upon reaching San Francisco Bay, but a few of them settled at a road crossing. They nailed a sign reading "Mt. Eden" to two trees, and the name stuck.
A town developed at this bayshore site. It also had agriculture, but whereas Hayward was a tourist destination, Mt. Eden developed Bay shipping and salt-harvesting industries. The salt companies gradually consolidated; after the demise of the Oliver Salt Company in 1931, only the Leslie Salt Company remained. The shipping industry suffered from increasing competition from roads and railroads, particularly the Hayward-San Mateo bridge (1929). Mt. Eden experienced significant immigration from northern Germany and Denmark.
Schafer Park is named for A.W. Schafer, a German immigrant who purchased land in the area in the 1860s. The family sold its land to a real estate developer in the 1950s.
The historic center of Mt. Eden (now a freeway interchange) was around Telegaph Avenue between Depot Road and Jackson. The town was incorporated into Hayward in the late 1950s. Schafer Park was located between the two other cities.
Geography
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Location of Hayward, California
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 163.3 km² (63.0 mi²). 114.8 km² (44.3 mi²) of it is land and 48.5 km² (18.7 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 29.68% water.
Demographics
As of the censusTemplate:GR of 2000, there are 140,030 people, 44,804 households, and 31,945 families residing in the city. The population density is 1,219.6/km² (3,158.6/mi²). There are 45,922 housing units at an average density of 400.0/km² (1,035.8/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 42.95% White, 10.98% Black or African American, 0.84% Native American, 18.98% Asian, 1.91% Pacific Islander, 16.81% from other races, and 7.52% from two or more races. 34.17% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 44,804 households out of which 37.0% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% are married couples living together, 14.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 28.7% are non-families. 20.9% of all households are made up of individuals and 7.3% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 3.08 and the average family size is 3.58.
In the city the population is spread out with 26.8% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 33.4% from 25 to 44, 18.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 32 years. For every 100 females there are 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 96.3 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $51,177, and the median income for a family is $54,712. Males have a median income of $37,711 versus $31,481 for females. The per capita income for the city is $19,695. 10.0% of the population and 7.2% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 11.7% of those under the age of 18 and 7.2% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
Colleges and universities
Hayward is home to the main campus of California State University, East Bay, formerly known as California State University, Hayward. The abbreviation "CSU eBay" seems not to have occured to anyone before the name change, but was quickly adopted afterwards. California State University, East Bay is a public university within the California State University system. Hayward is also the location of Chabot College, a community college whose roster of alumni includes actor Tom Hanks.
References
- Sandoval, John (1988). Mt. Eden, Cradle of the Salt Industry in California. Hayward: Mt. Eden Historical Publishers.
- Randall, Florence Carr (ed.) et al. (1975). Hayward ... the First 100 Years: by Eden Writers. Hayward: Hayward Centennials Committee.
- (Students of Sunset High School, Hayward) (1970). A History of Hayward.
External links
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Template:Cities of Alameda County, California
