List of state leaders in 1991
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Africa
- Algeria
- President - Chadli Bendjedid, President of Algeria (1979-1992)
- Prime Minister -
- Angola -
- President - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979-present)
- Prime Minister - Fernando José de Franca Dias van Dúnem, Prime Minister of Angola (19 July 1991-1992)
- Botswana - Quett Masire (name changed to Ketumile Masire during 1991), President of Botswana (1980-1998)
- Burkina Faso - Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987-present)
- Djibouti -
- President - Hassan Gouled Aptidon, President of Djibouti (1977-1999)
- Prime Minister - Barkat Gourad Hamadou, Prime Minister of Djibouti (1978-2001)
- Ethiopia
- President -
- Prime Minister -
- Gabon
- President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967-present)
- Prime Minister - Casimir Oyé-Mba, Prime Minister of Gabon (1990-1994)
- Guinea - Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984-present)
- Kenya - Daniel arap Moi, President of Kenya (1978-2002)
- Liberia - Amos Sawyer, President of Liberia (1990-1996)
- Rwanda
- President - Juvénal Habyarimana, President of Rwanda (1973-1994)
- Prime Minister - Sylvestre Nsanzimana , Prime Minister of Rwanda (1991-1992)
- Somalia
- President -
- Uganda -
- President - Yoweri Museveni, Chairman of the miltary council (1986-)
- Prime Minister -
- Zambia
- President -
- Prime Minister -
- Malimba Masheke, Prime Minister of Zambia (1989-1991)
- Position eliminated
- Zimbabwe - Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987-present)
Asia
- Afghanistan
- President - Mohammad Najibullah, President of Afghanistan (1987-1992)
- Prime Minister - Fazal Haq Khaliqyar, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1990-1992)
- Brunei
- Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
- Prime Minister - Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Brunei (1984–present)
- People's Republic of China
- President - Yang Shangkun, President of the People's Republic of China (1988-1993)
- Premier - Li Peng, Premier of the People's Republic of China (1987-1998)
- Head of Communist Party - Jiang Zemin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (1989-2002)
- India -
- President - Ramaswamy Venkataraman, President of India (1987-1992)
- Prime Minister -
- Iran
- Supreme Leader - Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
- President - Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, President of Iran (1989–1997)
- Japan
- Monarch - Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989-present)
- Prime Minister -
- South Korea
- President - Roh Tae-woo, President of the Republic of Korea (1988–1993)
- Prime Minister -
- Nepal
- Monarch - Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, King of Nepal (1972–2001)
- Prime Minister -
- Pakistan -
- President - Ghulam Ishaq Khan, President of Pakistan (1988-1993)
- Prime Minister - Nawaz Sharif, Prime Minister of Pakistan (1990-1993)
- Philippines
- President - Corazon Aquino, President of the Philippines (1986-1992)
- Singapore
- President - Wee Kim Wee, President of Singapore (1985-1993)
- Prime Minister - Goh Chok Tong, Prime Minister of Singapore (1990-2004)
- Taiwan (Republic of China)
- President - Lee Teng-hui, President of the Republic of China (1988-2000)
- Premier - Hau Pei-tsun, President of the Executive Yuan (1990-1993)
Australia and Oceania
- Australia
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952-present)
- Governor-General - William Hayden, Governor-General of Australia (1989-1996)
- Prime Minister -
- Fiji -
- President - Ratu Sir Penaia Ganilau, President of Fiji (5 December, 1987-16 December, 1993)
- Prime Minister - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Prime Minister of Fiji (5 December, 1987-2 June, 1992)
- Tuvalu
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978-present)
- Governor-General - Sir Toaripi Lauti, Governor-General of Tuvalu (1990-1993)
- Prime Minister - Bikenibeu Paeniu, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (1989-1993)
Europe
- Albania
- First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor - Ramiz Alia, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1985-1991)
- Head of State - Ramiz Alia, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1982-1991)
- Premier - Adil Çarçani, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1982-1991)
- President - Ramiz Alia, President of Albania (1991-1992)
- Prime Minister -
- Belgium
- King - Baudouin I, King of the Belgians (1951-1993)
- Prime Minister - Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister of Belgium (1982-1992)
- Denmark
- Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972-present)
- Prime Minister - Poul Schlüter, Prime Minister of Denmark (1982-1993)
- Estonia
- Prime Minister - Edgar Savisaar, acting Prime Minister of Estonia (1991 – 1992)
- Finland
- President - Mauno Koivisto, President of Finland, (1982-1994)
- Prime Minister -
- France
- President - François Mitterrand, President of France (1981-1995)
- Prime Minister -
- Germany
- President - Richard von Weizsäcker, President of Germany (1984-1994)
- Chancellor - Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of Germany (1982-1998)
- Ireland -
- President - Mary Robinson, President of Ireland (1990-1997)
- Prime Minister - Charles Haughey, Taoiseach (1987-1992)
- Italy
- President - Francesco Cossiga, President of Italy (1985-1992)
- Prime Minister - Giulio Andreotti, Prime Minister of Italy (1989-1992)
- Poland
- President - Lech Wałęsa, President of Poland (1990-1995)
- Prime Minister -
- Sweden
- Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
- Prime Minister -
- United Kingdom
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952-present)
- Prime Minister - John Major, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1990-1997)
- Vatican City
- Pope - John Paul II, Bishop of Rome (1978-2005)
- Secretary of State - Angelo Cardinal Sodano, Cardinal Secretary of State (1990-present)
Middle East
- Egypt -
- President - Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981-present)
- Prime Minister - Atef Muhammad Naguib Sedki,, Prime Minister of Egypt (1986-1996)
- Israel
- President - Chaim Herzog, President of Israel (1983-1993)
- Prime Minister - Yitzhak Shamir, Prime Minister of Israel (1986-1992)
- Oman - Qaboos Bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1970-present)
- Yemen
- President - Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of Yemen (1990-present)
- Prime Minister - Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas, Prime Minister of Yemen (1990-1994)
North America and the Caribbean
- Canada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952-present)
- Governor-General - Ray Hnatyshyn, Governor-General of Canada (1990-1995)
- Prime Minister - Brian Mulroney, Prime Minister of Canada (1984-1993)
- See also: 1991 Canadian incumbents
- Mexico - Carlos Salinas, President of Mexico (1988–1994)
- Trinidad and Tobago -
- President - Noor Hassanali, President of Trinidad and Tobago (1987-1997)
- Prime Minister -
- United States - George H.W. Bush, President of the United States (1989-1993)
South America
- Argentina
- President - Carlos Menem, President of Argentina (1989-1999)
- Bolivia -
- President - Jaime Paz Zamora, President of Bolivia (1989-1993)
- Brazil -
- President - Fernando Collor de Mello, President of Brazil (1990-1992)