Guinea

For other uses, see Guinea (disambiguation).

The Republic of Guinea (République de Guinée) is a nation in northwest Africa. It borders Guinea-Bissau and Senegal on the north, Mali on the north and north-east, the Ivory Coast on the south-east, Liberia on the south, and Sierra Leone on the west. Its territory encompases the water source for the Niger, Senegal, and Gambia rivers. The name Guinea (geographically assigned to most of Africa's west coast, south of the Sahara desert and north of the Gulf of Guinea) originates from Berber and roughly translates into 'land of the blacks.'

République de Guinée
Missing image
Guinea_flag_large.png
Flag of Guinea

IMage:guineaarms23.PNG
(In Detail) (Full size)
National motto: Travail, Justice, Solidarité
(French: Work, Justice, Solidarity)
Missing image
LocationGuinea.png
Location of Guinea

Official language French (official), Fula, Arabic, others
Capital and largest city Conakry
Capital's coordinates Template:Coor dm
President Lansana Conté
Prime Minister Cellou Dalein Diallo
Area
 - Total
 - % water
Ranked 75th
245,857 km²
Negligible
Population


 - Total (Year)
 - Density

Ranked 83rd


7,466,200
30.4/km²

GDP (PPP)


 - Total (Year)
 - GDP/head

Ranked 112th


$18,690 million
$2,100

Currency Guinean franc (FG)
Time zone UTC
Independence 2 October 1958, from France
National anthem Liberté
Internet TLD .gn
Calling Code 224
Contents

History

Main article: History of Guinea

In part of what is now Guinea, many empires rose and fell. Among them the Mandigo Mali Empire created by Soundiata Kéïta who defeated the Sosso ruler, Soumangourou Kéïta at the Kirina battle in 1235 which ended the Sosso Empire.

The Mali Empire comprising parts of the northern part of Guinea was ruled by Mansa (Emperors). The most famous being Alhaj Kankou Moussa who made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324. The Mali Empire fell prey to the Almoravids invaders coming from north Africa who established the Songhai Empire which itself fell prey to the Maurs in 1591.

Fulani Muslims migrated to Foutah Djallon in Central Guinea and established an Islamic state from 1735 to 1898 with a written Constitution and alternate rulers.

Europeans adventurers started the overseas slave trade in the coastal region of Guinea from the 16th to the 19th Century.

Present-day Guinea was created as a colony by France in 1890 with Noël Balley, being the first governor. The capital Conakry was founded on Tombo Island in 1890.

Independent from France since 1958, Guinea did not hold democratic elections until 1993 when Gen. Lansana Conté (head of the military government) was elected president in disputed balloting. Security clampdowns continue, although not as severe as in earlier decades. Reelected in 1998, the President faced growing criticism in 1999 for his jailing of a major opposition leader and widespread economic malaise. Unrest in Sierra Leone also continued to threaten Guinea's stability.

Politics

Main article: Politics of Guinea

Prefectures

Main article: Prefectures of Guinea

Guinea is divided into 33 prefectures and one special zone (the capital, Conakry).

Geography

Main article: Geography of Guinea

The capital is Conakry.

Map of Guinea

Economy

Main article: Economy of Guinea

Guinea possesses major mineral, hydropower, and agricultural resources, yet remains a poor underdeveloped nation. The agricultural sector employs 80% of the work force. Guinea possesses over 25% of the world's bauxite reserves and is the second largest bauxite producer. The mining sector accounted for about 75% of exports in 1998. Long-run improvements in government fiscal arrangements, literacy, and the legal framework are needed if the country is to move out of poverty. The government made encouraging progress in budget management in 1997-99. Even with a recovery in prices for some of Guinea's main commodity exports, annual GDP is unlikely to increase by more than 5% in 2000-2001.

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Guinea

Culture

Main article: Culture of Guinea

Miscellaneous topics

External links

Template:Portal Template:Commonscat Template:Wiktionary

Government

News

Overviews

Directories

Tourism


Countries in Africa

Algeria | Angola | Benin | Botswana | Burkina Faso | Burundi | Cameroon | Cape Verde | Central African Republic | Chad | Comoros | Democratic Republic of the Congo | Republic of the Congo | Côte d'Ivoire | Djibouti | Egypt | Equatorial Guinea | Eritrea | Ethiopia | Gabon | The Gambia | Ghana | Guinea | Guinea-Bissau | Kenya | Lesotho | Liberia | Libya | Madagascar | Malawi | Mali | Mauritania | Mauritius | Morocco | Mozambique | Namibia | Niger | Nigeria | Rwanda | São Tomé and Príncipe | Senegal | Seychelles | Sierra Leone | Somalia | Somaliland | South Africa | Sudan | Swaziland | Tanzania | Togo | Tunisia | Uganda | Zambia | Zimbabwe | Western Sahara

Dependencies: Canary Islands | Ceuta and Melilla | Madeira Islands | Mayotte | Réunion | Saint Helena and dependencies
ar:غينيا

bg:Гвинея ca:República de Guinea cs:Guinea de:Guinea et:Guinea es:Guinea eo:Gvineo fr:Guinée gd:Guinea gl:Guinea - Guinée ko:기니 io:Guinea id:Guinea it:Guinea he:גינאה lv:Gvineja lt:Gvinėja ms:Guinea nl:Guinee nds:Guinea ja:ギニア nb:Guinea oc:Guinèa pl:Gwinea (państwo) pt:Guiné ru:Гвинея sa:गिनी sk:Guinea sl:Gvineja fi:Guinea sv:Guinea tr:Gine uk:Гвінея zh:几内亚

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