ISO 639
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ISO 639 is one of several international standards that lists short codes for language names. ISO 639 consists of different parts, of which two parts are currently published. The other parts are works in progress.
There are two items for ISO 639:
- ISO 639-1:2002 Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 1: Alpha-2 code
- ISO 639-2:1998 Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 2: Alpha-3 code
In other words, there are two-letter codes and three-letter codes. Twenty-two of the languages have two three-letter codes. For these languages, the first three-letter code is for bibliographic use (ISO 639-2/B), and the second three-letter code is for terminological use (ISO 639-2/T).
The following parts are still being developed:
- ISO 639-3:2006? Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 3: Alpha-3 code for comprehensive coverage of languages [1] (http://xml.coverpages.org/Nx74Clews-part3.pdf)
- ISO 639-4:2007? Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 4: Implementation guidelines and general principles for language coding
- ISO 639-5:2006? Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 5: Alpha-3 code for language families and groups
ISO 639-2
Two codes for special situations (mul<code>, "multiple languages", and <code>und, "undetermined language") are defined in the standard. Additionally a code for Miscellaneous languages (mis) is defined.
The following incomplete list is sorted by language name in the third column.
| Contents |
|---|
A
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| abk | ab | Abkhazian |
| ace | Achinese | |
| ach | Acoli | |
| ada | Adangme | |
| ady | Adyghe; Adygei | |
| aar | aa | Afar |
| afh | Afrihili | |
| afr | af | Afrikaans |
| afa | Afro-Asiatic (Other) | |
| aka | ak | Akan |
| akk | Akkadian | |
| alb/sqi | sq | Albanian |
| ale | Aleut | |
| alg | Algonquian languages | |
| tut | Altaic (Other) | |
| amh | am | Amharic |
| apa | Apache languages | |
| ara | ar | Arabic |
| arg | an | Aragonese |
| arc | Aramaic | |
| arp | Arapaho | |
| arn | Araucanian | |
| arw | Arawak | |
| arm/hye | hy | Armenian |
| art | Artificial (Other) | |
| asm | as | Assamese |
| ast | Asturian; Bable | |
| ath | Athapascan languages | |
| aus | Australian languages | |
| map | Austronesian (Other) | |
| ava | av | Avaric |
| ave | ae | Avestan |
| awa | Awadhi | |
| aym | ay | Aymara |
| aze | az | Azerbaijani |
B
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| ban | Balinese | |
| bat | Baltic (Other) | |
| bal | Baluchi | |
| bam | bm | Bambara |
| bai | Bamileke languages | |
| bad | Banda | |
| bnt | Bantu (Other) | |
| bdf/bnt | by | Banyumasan |
| bas | Basa | |
| bak | ba | Bashkir |
| baq/eus | eu | Basque |
| btk | Batak (Indonesia) | |
| bej | Beja | |
| bel | be | Belarusian |
| bem | Bemba | |
| ben | bn | Bengali |
| ber | Berber (Other) | |
| bho | Bhojpuri | |
| bih | bh | Bihari |
| bik | Bikol | |
| bin | Bini | |
| bis | bi | Bislama |
| byn | Blin; Bilin | |
| bos | bs | Bosnian |
| bra | Braj | |
| bre | br | Breton |
| bug | Buginese | |
| bul | bg | Bulgarian |
| bua | Buriat | |
| bur/mya | my | Burmese |
C
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| cad | Caddo | |
| car | Carib | |
| cat | ca | Catalan; Valencian |
| cau | Caucasian (Other) | |
| ceb | Cebuano | |
| cel | Celtic (Other) | |
| cai | Central American Indian (Other) | |
| chg | Chagatai | |
| cmc | Chamic languages | |
| cha | ch | Chamorro |
| che | ce | Chechen |
| chr | Cherokee | |
| chy | Cheyenne | |
| chb | Chibcha | |
| nya | ny | Chichewa; Chewa; Nyanja |
| chi/zho | zh | Chinese |
| chn | Chinook jargon | |
| chp | Chipewyan | |
| cho | Choctaw | |
| chu | cu | Church Slavonic; Church Slavic; Old Church Slavonic; Old Slavonic; Old Bulgarian |
| chk | Chuukese | |
| chv | cv | Chuvash |
| nwc | Classical Newari; Old Newari; Classical Nepal Bhasa | |
| cop | Coptic | |
| cor | kw | Cornish |
| cos | co | Corsican |
| cre | cr | Cree |
| mus | Creek | |
| crp | Creoles and Pidgins (Other) | |
| cpe | Creoles and Pidgins, English-based (Other) | |
| cpf | Creoles and Pidgins, French-based (Other) | |
| cpp | Creoles and Pidgins, Portuguese-based (Other) | |
| crh | Crimean Tatar; Crimean Turkish | |
| scr/hrv | hr | Croatian |
| cus | Cushitic (Other) | |
| cze/ces | cs | Czech |
D
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| dak | Dakota | |
| dan | da | Danish |
| dar | Dargwa | |
| day | Dayak | |
| del | Delaware | |
| din | Dinka | |
| div | dv | Divehi |
| doi | Dogri | |
| dgr | Dogrib | |
| dra | Dravidian (Other) | |
| dua | Duala | |
| dut/nld | nl | Dutch; Flemish |
| dum | Dutch, Middle (ca. 1050-1350) | |
| dyu | Dyula | |
| dzo | dz | Dzongkha |
E
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| efi | Efik | |
| egy | Egyptian (Ancient) | |
| eka | Ekajuk | |
| elx | Elamite | |
| eng | en | English |
| enm | English, Middle (ca. 1100-1500) | |
| ang | English, Old (ca. 450-1100) | |
| myv | Erzya | |
| epo | eo | Esperanto |
| est | et | Estonian |
| ewe | ee | Ewe |
| ewo | Ewondo |
F
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| fan | Fang | |
| fat | Fanti | |
| fao | fo | Faroese |
| fij | fj | Fijian |
| fil | Filipino | |
| fin | fi | Finnish |
| fiu | Finno-Ugrian (Other) | |
| fon | Fon | |
| fre/fra | fr | French |
| frm | French, Middle (ca. 1400-1600) | |
| fro | French, Old (842-ca. 1400) | |
| fry | fy | Frisian |
| fur | Friulian | |
| ful | ff | Fulah |
G
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| gaa | Ga | |
| glg | gl | Gallegan; Galician |
| lug | lg | Ganda |
| gay | Gayo | |
| gba | Gbaya | |
| gez | Geez | |
| geo/kat | ka | Georgian |
| ger/deu | de | German |
| nds | German, Low; Low German; Saxon, Low; Low Saxon | |
| gmh | German, Middle High (ca. 1050-1500) | |
| goh | German, Old High (ca. 750-1050) | |
| gem | Germanic (Other) | |
| gil | Gilbertese; Kiribati | |
| gon | Gondi | |
| gor | Gorontalo | |
| got | Gothic | |
| grb | Grebo | |
| grc | Greek, Ancient (to 1453) | |
| gre/ell | el | Greek, Modern (1453-) |
| kal | kl | Greenlandic; Kalaallisut |
| grn | gn | Guarani |
| guj | gu | Gujarati |
| gwi | Gwich´in |
H
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name | Native name |
|---|---|---|---|
| hai | Haida | ||
| hat | ht | Haitian Creole; Haitian | Kreyòl ayisyen |
| hau | ha | Hausa | هَوُسَ |
| haw | Hawaiian | ‘Ōlelo Hawai‘i | |
| heb | he | Hebrew | עברית |
| her | hz | Herero | |
| hil | Hiligaynon | ||
| him | Himachali | ||
| hin | hi | Hindi | हिन्दी |
| hmo | ho | Hiri Motu | |
| hit | Hittite | ||
| hmn | Hmong | ||
| hun | hu | Hungarian | Magyar |
| hup | Hupa |
I
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| iba | Iban | |
| ice/isl | is | Icelandic |
| ido | io | Ido |
| ibo | ig | Igbo |
| ijo | Ijo | |
| ilo | Iloko | |
| smn | Inari Sami | |
| inc | Indic (Other) | |
| ine | Indo-European (Other) | |
| ind | id | Indonesian |
| inh | Ingush | |
| ina | ia | Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) |
| ile | ie | Interlingue |
| iku | iu | Inuktitut |
| ipk | ik | Inupiaq |
| ira | Iranian (Other) | |
| gle | ga | Irish |
| mga | Irish, Middle (900-1200) | |
| sga | Irish, Old (to 900) | |
| iro | Iroquoian languages | |
| ita | it | Italian |
J
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| jpn | ja | Japanese |
| jav | jv | Javanese |
| jrb | Judeo-Arabic | |
| jpr | Judeo-Persian |
K
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| kbd | Kabardian | |
| kab | Kabyle | |
| kac | Kachin | |
| xal | Kalmyk; Oirat | |
| kam | Kamba | |
| kan | kn | Kannada |
| kau | kr | Kanuri |
| krc | Karachay-Balkar | |
| kaa | Kara-Kalpak | |
| kar | Karen | |
| kas | ks | Kashmiri |
| csb | Kashubian | |
| kaw | Kawi | |
| kaz | kk | Kazakh |
| kha | Khasi | |
| khm | km | Khmer |
| khi | Khoisan (Other) | |
| kho | Khotanese | |
| kik | ki | Kikuyu; Gikuyu |
| kmb | Kimbundu | |
| kin | rw | Kinyarwanda |
| kir | ky | Kirghiz |
| tlh | Klingon; tlhIngan-Hol | |
| kom | kv | Komi |
| kon | kg | Kongo |
| kok | Konkani | |
| kor | ko | Korean |
| kos | Kosraean | |
| kpe | Kpelle | |
| kro | Kru | |
| kua | kj | Kuanyama; Kwanyama |
| kum | Kumyk | |
| kur | ku | Kurdish |
| kru | Kurukh | |
| kut | Kutenai |
L
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| lad | Ladino | |
| lah | Lahnda | |
| lam | Lamba | |
| lao | lo | Lao |
| lat | la | Latin |
| lav | lv | Latvian |
| lez | Lezghian | |
| lim | li | Limburgish; Limburger; Limburgan |
| lin | ln | Lingala |
| lit | lt | Lithuanian |
| jbo | Lojban | |
| dsb | Lower Sorbian | |
| loz | Lozi | |
| lub | lu | Luba-Katanga |
| lua | Luba-Lulua | |
| lui | Luiseno | |
| smj | Lule Sami | |
| lun | Lunda | |
| luo | Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) | |
| lus | Lushai | |
| ltz | lb | Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch |
M
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| mac/mkd | mk | Macedonian |
| mad | Madurese | |
| mag | Magahi | |
| mai | Maithili | |
| mak | Makasar | |
| mlg | mg | Malagasy |
| may/msa | ms | Malay |
| mal | ml | Malayalam |
| mlt | mt | Maltese |
| mnc | Manchu | |
| mdr | Mandar | |
| man | Mandingo | |
| mni | Manipuri | |
| mno | Manobo languages | |
| glv | gv | Manx |
| mao/mri | mi | Maori |
| mar | mr | Marathi |
| chm | Mari | |
| mah | mh | Marshallese |
| mwr | Marwari | |
| mas | Masai | |
| myn | Mayan languages | |
| men | Mende | |
| mic | Mi'kmaq; Micmac | |
| min | Minangkabau | |
| mwl | Mirandese | |
| mis | Miscellaneous languages | |
| moh | Mohawk | |
| mdf | Moksha | |
| mol | mo | Moldavian |
| mkh | Mon-Khmer (Other) | |
| lol | Mongo | |
| mon | mn | Mongolian |
| mos | Mossi | |
| mul | Multiple languages (several languages used) | |
| mun | Munda languages |
N
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| nah | Nahuatl | |
| nau | na | Nauru |
| nav | nv | Navajo; Navaho |
| nde | nd | Ndebele, North |
| nbl | nr | Ndebele, South |
| ndo | ng | Ndonga |
| nap | Neapolitan | |
| nep | ne | Nepali |
| new | Newari; Nepal Bhasa | |
| nia | Nias | |
| nic | Niger-Kordofanian (Other) | |
| ssa | Nilo-Saharan (Other) | |
| niu | Niuean | |
| nog | Nogai | |
| non | Norse, Old | |
| nai | North American Indian (Other) | |
| sme | se | Northern Sami |
| nor | no | Norwegian |
| nob | nb | Norwegian Bokmål; Bokmål, Norwegian |
| nno | nn | Norwegian Nynorsk; Nynorsk, Norwegian |
| nub | Nubian languages | |
| nym | Nyamwezi | |
| nyn | Nyankole | |
| nyo | Nyoro | |
| nzi | Nzima |
O
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| oci | oc | Occitan (post 1500); Provençal |
| oji | oj | Ojibwa |
| ori | or | Oriya |
| orm | om | Oromo |
| osa | Osage | |
| oss | os | Ossetian; Ossetic |
| oto | Otomian languages |
P
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| pal | Pahlavi | |
| pau | Palauan | |
| pli | pi | Pali |
| pam | Pampanga; Kapampangan | |
| pag | Pangasinan | |
| pap | Papiamento | |
| paa | Papuan (Other) | |
| per/fas | fa | Persian |
| peo | Persian, Old (ca. 600-400 B.C.) | |
| phi | Philippine (Other) | |
| phn | Phoenician | |
| pon | Pohnpeian | |
| pol | pl | Polish |
| por | pt | Portuguese |
| pra | Prakrit languages | |
| pro | Provençal, Old (to 1500) | |
| pan | pa | Punjabi; Panjabi |
| pus | ps | Pushto |
Q
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| que | qu | Quechua |
R
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| roh | rm | Raeto-Romance |
| raj | Rajasthani | |
| rap | Rapanui | |
| rar | Rarotongan | |
| qaa-qtz | Reserved for local use | |
| roa | Romance (Other) | |
| rum/ron | ro | Romanian |
| rom | Romany | |
| run | rn | Rundi |
| rus | ru | Russian |
S
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| sal | Salishan languages | |
| sam | Samaritan Aramaic | |
| smi | Sami languages (Other) | |
| smo | sm | Samoan |
| sad | Sandawe | |
| sag | sg | Sango |
| san | sa | Sanskrit |
| sat | Santali | |
| srd | sc | Sardinian |
| sas | Sasak | |
| sco | Scots | |
| gla | gd | Scottish Gaelic; Gaelic |
| sel | Selkup | |
| sem | Semitic (Other) | |
| scc/srp | sr | Serbian |
| srr | Serer | |
| shn | Shan | |
| sna | sn | Shona |
| iii | ii | Sichuan Yi |
| scn | Sicilian | |
| sid | Sidamo | |
| sgn | Sign languages | |
| bla | Siksika | |
| snd | sd | Sindhi |
| sin | si | Sinhalese; Sinhala |
| sit | Sino-Tibetan (Other) | |
| sio | Siouan languages | |
| sms | Skolt Sami | |
| den | Slave (Athapascan) | |
| sla | Slavic (Other) | |
| slo/slk | sk | Slovak |
| slv | sl | Slovenian |
| sog | Sogdian | |
| som | so | Somali |
| son | Songhai | |
| snk | Soninke | |
| wen | Sorbian languages | |
| nso | Sotho, Northern; Pedi; Sepedi | |
| sot | st | Sotho, Southern |
| sai | South American Indian (Other) | |
| alt | Southern Altai | |
| sma | Southern Sami | |
| spa | es | Spanish; Castilian |
| suk | Sukuma | |
| sux | Sumerian | |
| sun | su | Sundanese |
| sus | Susu | |
| swa | sw | Swahili |
| ssw | ss | Swati |
| swe | sv | Swedish |
| syr | Syriac |
T
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| tgl | tl | Tagalog |
| tah | ty | Tahitian |
| tai | Tai (Other) | |
| tgk | tg | Tajik |
| tmh | Tamashek | |
| tam | ta | Tamil |
| tat | tt | Tatar |
| tel | te | Telugu |
| ter | Tereno | |
| tet | Tetum | |
| tha | th | Thai |
| tib/bod | bo | Tibetan |
| tig | Tigre | |
| tir | ti | Tigrinya |
| tem | Timne | |
| tiv | Tiv | |
| tli | Tlingit | |
| tpi | Tok Pisin | |
| tkl | Tokelau | |
| tog | Tonga (Nyasa) | |
| ton | to | Tonga (Tonga Islands) |
| tsi | Tsimshian | |
| tso | ts | Tsonga |
| tsn | tn | Tswana |
| tum | Tumbuka | |
| tup | Tupi languages | |
| tur | tr | Turkish |
| ota | Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) | |
| tuk | tk | Turkmen |
| tvl | Tuvalu | |
| tyv | Tuvinian | |
| twi | tw | Twi |
U
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| udm | Udmurt | |
| uga | Ugaritic | |
| uig | ug | Uighur; Uyghur |
| ukr | uk | Ukrainian |
| umb | Umbundu | |
| und | Undetermined (language or languages cannot be identified) | |
| hsb | Upper Sorbian | |
| urd | ur | Urdu |
| uzb | uz | Uzbek |
V
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| vai | Vai | |
| ven | ve | Venda |
| vie | vi | Vietnamese |
| vol | vo | Volapük |
| vot | Votic |
W
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| wak | Wakashan languages | |
| wal | Walamo | |
| wln | wa | Walloon |
| war | Waray | |
| was | Washo | |
| wel/cym | cy | Welsh |
| wol | wo | Wolof |
| wuu | Wu Chinese (Shanghainese) |
X
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| xho | xh | Xhosa |
Y
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| sah | Yakut | |
| yao | Yao | |
| yap | Yapese | |
| yid | yi | Yiddish |
| yor | yo | Yoruba |
| ypk | Yupik languages |
Z
| Alpha-3 | Alpha-2 | Language name |
|---|---|---|
| znd | Zande | |
| zap | Zapotec | |
| zen | Zenaga | |
| zha | za | Zhuang; Chuang |
| zul | zu | Zulu |
| zun | Zuni |
| Contents: | top - 0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
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See also
External links
- ISO 639-2/RA Homepage (http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/)
- ISO 639-2/RA Change Notice (http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/codechanges.html)
- Details (http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/normtext.html) at Library of Congress website
- RFC 3066, Tags for the Identification of Languages, Best Current Practice, January 2001
- ISO 639 and the Ethnologue (http://www.ethnologue.com/iso639/)
- XML version (http://fara.cs.uni-potsdam.de/~georgk/639.xml) of the official ISO 639 HTML data at the Library of Congressbe:ISO 639
bg:ISO 639 ca:ISO639 cy:ISO 639 da:ISO 639 de:ISO 639 el:ISO 639 es:ISO 639-1 eo:ISO 639 fr:ISO 639 ko:ISO 639 ia:ISO 639 it:ISO 639 la:ISO 639 nl:ISO 639 ja:ISO 639 pl:ISO 639 pt:ISO 639 ru:ISO 639 sl:ISO 639 fi:ISO 639 sv:ISO 639 tt:ISO 639 th:ISO 639 zh:ISO 639