July 7
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July 7 is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 177 days remaining.
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Events
- 1456 - Joan of Arc is acquitted of heresy (but she had already been executed).
- 1534 - European colonization of the Americas: First known exchange between Europeans and natives of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, in New Brunswick.
- 1798 - Quasi-War: The U.S. Congress rescinds treaties with France sparking the 'war.'
- 1799 - Ranjit Singh's men had taken their positions outside Lahore.
- 1807 - Napoleonic Wars: Peace of Tilsit between France, Kingdom of Prussia and Russia ends the Fourth Coalition.
- 1846 - Mexican War: Acting on instructions from Washington, DC, Commodore John Drake Sloat orders his troops to occupy Monterey and Yerba Buena, thus beginning the United States annexation of California.
- 1865 - Civil War: 4 conspirators in the assassination of President Lincoln are hanged; Mary E. Surratt, Lewis T. Powell, David E. Herold, and George A. Atzerodt.
- 1898 - History of United States imperialism: President of the United States William McKinley signs the Newlands Resolution annexing Hawaii as a territory of the United States.
- 1917 - Russian Revolution: Prince Georgy Yevgenyevich Lvov forms Provisional Government in Russia after the deposing of the tsar.
- 1930 - Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser begins construction of the Boulder Dam (now known as Hoover Dam).
- 1937 - Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Lugou Bridge - Japanese forces invade Beijing, China.
- 1941 - World War II: American forces land in Iceland to forestall an invasion by the Nazis.
- 1947 - Downed UFO believed to be found in the Roswell UFO incident.
- 1946 - Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini becomes the first American saint to be canonized.
- 1954 - In Memphis, Tennessee, WHBQ becomes the first radio station to air an Elvis Presley record.
- 1958 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs the Alaska Statehood Act into United States law.
- 1959 - 14:28 UT Venus occulted the star Regulus. The rare event which will next occur on October 1, 2044 was used for determining the Venus diametre and the structure of Venus' atmospherer.
- 1969 - French is made equal to English throughout the Canadian national government.
- 1978 - The Solomon Islands become independent from the United Kingdom.
- 1983 - Cold War: Samantha Smith, a U.S. schoolgirl, flies to the Soviet Union at the invitation of Premier Yuri Andropov
- 1991 - Yugoslav Wars: Brioni Agreement ended ten-day independence war in Slovenia against the rest of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
- 1994 - Aden is occupied by troops from North Yemen, completing the reunification of Yemen.
- 2004 - The last patent on the LZW compression algorithm (in Canada) expires.
Births
- 1752 - Joseph-Marie Jacquard, French inventor (d. 1834)
- 1855 - Ludwig Ganghofer, writer (d. 1920)
- 1860 - Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer (d. 1911)
- 1884 - Lion Feuchtwanger, German dramatist and narrator (d. 1958)
- 1887 - Marc Chagall, Russian-born painter (d. 1985)
- 1893 - Miroslav Krleža, Croatian writer (d. 1981)
- 1899 - George Cukor, American director (d. 1983)
- 1901 - Vittorio De Sica, Italian director (d. 1974)
- 1901 - Gustav Knuth, actor (d. 1978)
- 1901 - Sam Katzman, American film producer (d. 1973)
- 1906 - William Feller, Croatian mathematician (d.1970)
- 1906 - Leroy Satchel Paige, baseball player (d. 1982)
- 1907 - Robert Heinlein, American science fiction writer (d. 1988)
- 1911 - Gian Carlo Menotti, Italian-born composer
- 1915 - Yul Brynner, Russian-born actor (d. 1985)
- 1919 - Jon Pertwee, British actor (d. 1996)
- 1922 - Pierre Cardin, French fashion designer
- 1927 - Doc Severinsen, American composer and musician
- 1933 - Murray Halberg, New Zealand runner
- 1937 - Tung Chee-Hwa, first chief executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- 1940 - Ringo Starr, English drummer and singer (The Beatles)
- 1941 - Bill Oddie, English comedian and ornithologist
- 1942 - Carmen Duncan, Australian actress
- 1945 - Michael Ancram, British politician
- 1947 - Howard Rheingold American author
- 1949 - Shelley Duvall, American actress
- 1959 - Ben Linder, American engineer (murdered) (d. 1987)
- 1966 - Gundula Krause, German folk violinist
- 1967 - Jackie Neal, American blues singer
- 1969 - Joe Sakic, Canadian hockey player
- 1974 - Karlis Skrastins, Latvian-born hockey player
- 1975 - Michael Voss, Australian Rules footballer
- 1980 - Michelle Kwan, American figure skater
- 1980 - Deidre Downs, Miss America
Deaths
- 1129 - Emperor Shirakawa of Japan (b. 1053)
- 1304 - Pope Benedict XI, (possibly poisoned) (b. 1240)
- 1307 - King Edward I of England (b. 1239)
- 1537 - Madeleine de Valois, queen of James V of Scotland (b. 1520)
- 1572 - Sigismund II Augustus, king of Poland (b. 1520)
- 1816 - Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Irish playwright and politician (b. 1751)
- 1880 - Lydia Child, American novelist and abolitionist (b. 1802)
- 1893 - Guy De Maupassant
- 1901 - Johanna Spyri, Swiss author (b. 1827)
- 1930 - Arthur Conan Doyle, Scottish writer (b. 1859)
- 1949 - Bunk Johnson, American jazz musician (b. 1879 or 1889)
- 1956 - Gottfried Benn, German poet (b. 1886)
- 1964 - Lillian Copeland, American athlete (b. 1904)
- 1965 - Moshe Sharett, second Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1894)
- 1967 - Vivien Leigh, American actress (b. 1913)
- 1971 - Claude Gauvreau, Canadian writer (b. 1925)
- 1971 - Ub Iwerks, American artist, director, and cartoonist (b1901)
- 1972 - King Talal, King of Jordan (b. 1909)
- 1972 - Athenagoras, Patriarch of Constantinople (b. 1886)
- 1973 - Veronica Lake, American actress (b. 1919)
- 1973 - Max Horkheimer, German philosopher and sociologist (b. 1895)
- 1980 - Dore Schary, American film producer, writer (b. 1905)
- 1990 - Bill Cullen, American game show host (b. 1920)
- 2000 - Kenny Irwin, Jr., American race car driver (b. 1969)
- 2003 - Izhak Graziani, Bulgarian-born conductor (b. 1924)
Holidays and observances
- Bhutan - Guru Rinpoche
- China - The Night of Sevens
- Japan - Tanabata
- Roman Empire - Nonae Caprotinae festival in honor of Juno
- Solomon Islands - Independence Day (1978)
- Spain - San Fermín festival or running of the bulls, in Pamplona, Navarre.
- Tanzania - Saba Saba Day (or Peasants' Day, founding of the TANU party, 1954)
- Yemen - Unity Factory Day
External links
- BBC: On This Day (http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/7)
July 6 - July 8 - June 7 - August 7 -- listing of all days
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