1534
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| Years: 1531 1532 1533 - 1534 - 1535 1536 1537 | |
| Decades: 1500s 1510s 1520s - 1530s - 1540s 1550s 1560s | |
| Centuries: 15th century - 16th century - 17th century | |
Events
- May 10 - Jacques Cartier explores Newfoundland while searching for the Northwest Passage.
- June 9 - Jacques Cartier is the first European to discover the St. Lawrence River.
- July 7 - First known exchange between Europeans and natives of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, in New Brunswick.
- Cambridge University Press given Royal Charter by Henry VIII and becomes the first of the privileged presses
- Henry VIII angry at the Pope's refusal to grant divorce from Catherine of Aragon, Henry declares himself Supreme Head of the English church a.k.a. the Anglican Church or Church of England
- Publication of Gargantua by François Rabelais
- The Anabaptists seize control of Münster
- Martin Luther's translation of the New Testament into German appears
Births
- February 5 - Giovanni de' Bardi, Count of Vernio (died 1612)
- June 23 - Oda Nobunaga, Japanese warlord (died 1582)
- July 1 - King Frederick II of Denmark (died 1588)
- July 18 - Zacharius Ursinus, German theologian (died 1583)
- September 24 - Guru Ram Das, fourth Sikh Guru (died 1581)
- Lodovico Agostini, Italian composer (died 1590)
- William Harrison, English clergyman (died 1593)
- José de Anchieta, Spanish Jesuit missionary in Brazil (died 1597)
- Isaac Luria, Jewish scholar and mystic (died 1772)
- Henri Ier de Montmorency, Marshal of France (died 1614)
- Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, statesman of the Elizabethan era (died 1601)
- Nicholas Remy, French Catholic priest (died 1600)
- Amy Robsart, wife of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester
- Paul Skalic, Croatian encyclopedist, humanist and adventurer (died 1573)
- Zofia Tarnowska, Polish noble lady (died 1570)
Deaths
- January 25 - Magdalena of Saxony (born 1507)
- March 5 - Antonio da Correggio, Italian painter (born 1488)
- April 20 - Elizabeth Barton English prophetess (executed) (born 1506)
- August 9 - Cardinal Cajetan, Italian Dominican politician and theologian (born 1470)
- September 25 - Pope Clement VII (born 1478)
- Johannes Aventinus, Bavarian historian and philologist (born 1477)
- István Báthory, Hungarian noble (born 1477)
- Edward Guilford, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (born 1474)
- Michal Glinski, Lithuanian prince
- William Blount, 4th Baron Mountjoy, scholar and patron
- Amago Okihisa, Japanese nobleman
- Antonio Pigafetta, Italian navigator (born 1491)
- Antonio da Sangallo the Elder, Florentine architect (born 1453)
- John Taylor, Master of the Rolls (born 1480)af:1534
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