List of state leaders in 1990
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Africa
- Algeria
- President - Chadli Bendjedid, President of Algeria (1979-1992)
- Prime Minister - Mouloud Hamrouche, Prime Minister of Algeria (1989-1991)
- Angola - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979-present)
- Botswana - Quett Masire, President of Botswana (1980-1998)
- Burkina Faso - Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987-present)
- Djibouti -
- President - Hassan Gouled Aptidon, President of Djibouti (1977-1999)
- Prime Minister - Barkat Gourad Hamadou, Prime Minister of Djibouti (1978-2001)
- Ethiopia
- President - Mengistu Haile Mariam, President of Ethiopia (1977-1991)
- Prime Minister - Hailu Yimenu, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1989-1991)
- Gabon
- President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967-present)
- Prime Minister -
- Guinea
- President - Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984-present)
- Kenya - Daniel arap Moi, President of Kenya (1978-2002)
- Liberia -
- Rwanda - Juvénal Habyarimana, President of Rwanda (1973-1994)
- Somalia - Siad Barre, President of Somalia (1969 - 1991)
- Uganda -
- President - Yoweri Museveni, Chairman of the miltary council (1986-)
- Prime Minister - Samson Kisekka, Prime Minister of Uganda (1986-1991)
- Zambia
- President - Kenneth Kaunda, President of Zambia (1964-1991)
- Prime Minister - Malimba Masheke, Prime Minister of Zambia (1989-1991)
- Zimbabwe - Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987-present)
Asia
- Afghanistan
- President - Mohammad Najibullah, President of Afghanistan (1987-1992)
- Prime Minister -
- Brunei
- Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
- Prime Minister - Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Brunei (1984–present)
- People's Republic of China
- President - Yang Shangkun, President of the People's Republic of China (1988-1993)
- Premier - Li Peng, Premier of the People's Republic of China (1987-1998)
- Head of Communist Party - Jiang Zemin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (1989-2002)
- India -
- President - Ramaswamy Venkataraman, President of India (1987-1992)
- Prime Minister -
- Iran
- Supreme Leader - Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
- President - Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, President of Iran (1989–1997)
- Japan
- Monarch - Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989-present)
- Prime Minister - Toshiki Kaifu, Prime Minister of Japan (1989–1991)
- South Korea
- President - Roh Tae-woo, President of the Republic of Korea (1988–1993)
- Prime Minister -
- Nepal
- Monarch - Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, King of Nepal (1972–2001)
- Prime Minister -
- Pakistan -
- President - Ghulam Ishaq Khan, President of Pakistan (1988-1993)
- Prime Minister -
- Philippines
- President - Corazon Aquino, President of the Philippines (1986-1992)
- Singapore
- President - Wee Kim Wee, President of Singapore (1985-1993)
- Prime Minister -
- Taiwan (Republic of China)
- President - Lee Teng-hui, President of the Republic of China (1988-2000)
- Premier -
Australia and Oceania
- Australia
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952-present)
- Governor-General - William Hayden, Governor-General of Australia (1989-1996)
- Prime Minister - Bob Hawke, Prime Minister of Australia (1983-1991)
- Fiji -
- President - Ratu Sir Penaia Ganilau, President of Fiji (5 December, 1987-16 December, 1993)
- Prime Minister - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Prime Minister of Fiji (5 December, 1987-2 June, 1992)
- Tuvalu
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978-present)
- Governor-General -
- Prime Minister - Bikenibeu Paeniu, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (1989-1993)
Europe
- Albania -
- First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor - Ramiz Alia, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1985-1991)
- Head of State - Ramiz Alia, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1982-1991)
- Premier - Adil Çarçani, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1982-1991)
- Belgium
- King - Baudouin I, King of the Belgians (1951-1993)
- Prime Minister - Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister of Belgium (1982-1992)
- Denmark
- Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972-present)
- Prime Minister - Poul Schlüter, Prime Minister of Denmark (1982-1993)
- Finland
- President - Mauno Koivisto, President of Finland, (1982-1994)
- Prime Minister - Harri Holkeri, Prime Minister of Finland, (1987-1991)
- France -
- President - François Mitterrand, President of France (1981-1995)
- Prime Minister - Michel Rocard, Prime Minister of France (1988-1991)
- Federal Republic of Germany -
- President - Richard von Weizsäcker, President of the Federal Republic of Germany (1984-1994)
- Chancellor - Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (1982-1998)
- German Democratic Republic -
- Ireland -
- President -
- Prime Minister - Charles Haughey, Taoiseach (1987-1992)
- Italy -
- President - Francesco Cossiga, President of Italy (1985-1992)
- Prime Minister - Giulio Andreotti, Prime Minister of Italy (1989-1992)
- Poland
- President -
- Prime Minister - Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Prime Minister of Poland (1989-1991)
- United Kingdom -
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952-present)
- Prime Minister -
- Vatican City
- Pope - John Paul II, Bishop of Rome (1978-2005)
- Secretary of State -
Middle East
- Egypt -
- President - Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981-present)
- Prime Minister - Atef Muhammad Naguib Sedki,, Prime Minister of Egypt (1986-1996)
- Israel
- President - Chaim Herzog, President of Israel (1983-1993)
- Prime Minister - Yitzhak Shamir, Prime Minister of Israel (1986-1992)
- Lebanon
- President - Elias Hrawi, President of Lebanon (1989-1998)
- Prime Minister - Omar Karami, Prime Minister of Lebanon (1990-1992 and 2004-?)
- Oman - Qaboos Bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1970-present)
- People's Democratic Republic of Yemen
- President - Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council (1986-1990)
- Prime Minister - Yasin Said Numan, Prime Minister of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (1986-1990)
- United with Yemen Arab Republic to form Republic of Yemen
- Yemen Arab Republic
- President - Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of the Yemen Arab Republic (1978-1990)
- Prime Minister - Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani, Prime Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic (1983-1990)
- United with People's Democratic Republic of Yemen to form Republic of Yemen
- Yemen
- Republic of Yemen formed by union of People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and Yemen Arab Republic
- President - Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of Yemen (1990-present)
- Prime Minister - Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas, Prime Minister of Yemen (1990-1994)
North America and the Caribbean
- Canada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952-present)
- Governor-General -
- Prime Minister - Brian Mulroney, Prime Minister of Canada (1984-1993)
- See also: 1990 Canadian incumbents
- Mexico - Carlos Salinas, President of Mexico (1988–1994)
- Trinidad and Tobago -
- President - Noor Hassanali, President of Trinidad and Tobago (1987-1997)
- Prime Minister - A.N.R. Robinson, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1986-1991)
- United States - George H.W. Bush, President of the United States (1989-1993)
South America
- Argentina
- President - Carlos Menem, President of Argentina (1989-1999)
- Bolivia -
- President - Jaime Paz Zamora, President of Bolivia (1989-1993)
- Brazil -
- President -