1586
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| Years: 1583 1584 1585 - 1586 - 1587 1588 1589 | |
| Decades: 1550s 1560s 1570s - 1580s - 1590s 1600s 1610s | |
| Centuries: 15th century - 16th century - 17th century | |
Events
- November 19 - Henry Barrow, English Puritan and Separatist is imprisoned.
- The reign of Emperor Ogimachi of Japan ends and Emperor Go-Yozei ascends to the throne of Japan.
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi becomes grand minister of Japan.
- William Harrison becomes canon of Windsor.
- Luis Barahona de Soto publishes Primera parte de la Angélica.
- William Camden publishes Britannia.
- Simon Stevin, a Dutch mathematician demonstrates that two objects of different weight fall with the same speed.
- St. Augustine, Florida, and Santo Domingo in the modern day Dominican Republic are plundered and burned by English sea captain Sir Francis Drake.
- Jacobus Gallus composes his motet O magnum mysterium.
- Caesar Baronius publishes a new edition of Roman martyrology.
- The first HMS Vanguard is launched in England.
- Thomas Cavendish, English explorer, begins his circumnavigation of the globe.
Births
- January 20 - Johann Schein, German composer (died 1630)
- April 17 - John Ford, English dramatist and poet (died 1640)
- April 20 - Saint Rose of Lima, first American saint (died 1617)
- July 7 - Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel, English courtier (died 1646)
- August 14 - William Hutchinson, founder of Rhode Island (died 1642)
- October 9 - Archduke Leopold V of Austria, regent of Tyrol (died None)
- December 6 - Niccolo Zucchi, Italian astronomer and physicist (died 1670)
- Johann Valentin Andrea, German theologian (died 1654)
- Johannes Valentinus Andreae, German theologian and Rosicrucian (died 1654)
- Pau Claris i Casademunt, Catalan ecclesiastic (died 1641)
- Giles Fletcher, English poet (died 1623)
- Thomas Hooker, founder of Connecticut (died 1647)
- Samuel Korecki, nobleman of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
- Gerard de Malynes, English merchant (died 1641)
- John Mason, English explorer (died 1635)
- Cornelis van Poelenburgh, Dutch painter
- Jacob Praetorius, German Baroque composer and organist (died 1651)
- Jacob Revius, poet and Bible translator
- David HaLevi Segal, Polish Rabbi and Halakhist (expert in Jewish law) (died 1667)
- Thomas Howard, 2nd Earl of Arundel and Surrey (died 1646)
Deaths
- January 25 - Lucas Cranach the Younger, German painter (born 1515)
- March 20 - Richard Maitland, English poet (born 1496)
- April 8 - Martin Chemnitz, Lutheran reformer (born 1522)
- May 5 - Henry Sidney (born 1529)
- June 28 - Primoz Trubar, Slovenian protestant writer (born 1508)
- September 20 - Chidiock Tichborne, English conspirator and poet (executed) (born 1558)
- September 20 - Sir Anthony Babington, English Catholic conspirator (executed) (born 1561)
- September 21 - Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle, diplomat and statesman (born 1517)
- October 17 - Sir Philip Sidney, English poet, courtier, and soldier (killed in battle) (born 1554)
- Philips van der Aa, Dutch statesman
- Stephen Bathory, King of Poland (born 1533)
- Margaret Clitherow, English Catholic saint and martyr (born 1556)
- Edward Sutton, 4th Baron Dudley, son of John Sutton, 3rd Lord Dudley and Lady Cicely Grey (born 1525)
- Andrea Gabrieli, Italian composer (born 1510)
- Theoleptus II, Patriarch of Constantinople
- Luis de Morales, Spanish religious painter (born 1510)
- Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma (born 1521)af:1586
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