October 14
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October 14 is the 287th day of the year (288th in Leap years). There are 78 days remaining.
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Events
- 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill, seven miles from Hastings, the Norman invasion forces of William the Conqueror defeat the English army and kill King Harold II of England.
- 1582 - Due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
- 1651 - Laws are passed in Massachusetts forbidding poor people from adopting excessive styles of dress.
- 1656 - Massachusetts enacts the first punitive legislation against Quakers. The marriage of church-and-state in Puritanism makes them regard the ritual-free Quakers as spiritually apostate and politically subversive.
- 1773 - The first recorded ministry of education, the Commission of National Education, is formed in Poland.
- 1773 - Revolutionary War: Britain's East India Company tea ships' cargo are burned at Annapolis, Maryland.
- 1806 - Battle of Jena-Auerstädt
- 1812 - A digest of Pennsylvania laws could not bring itself to print the word "buggery," instead printing it as "B_GG__Y."
- 1812 - Work on London's Regent's Canal starts.
- 1834 - In Philadelphia, Whigs and Democrats stage a gun, stone and brick battle for control of a Moyamensing Township election, resulting in one death, several injuries, and the burning down of a block of buildings.
- 1835 - John Templeton, John Moore, Stanley Cuthbart and Ellen Ritchie were charged in Wheeling, Virginia with illegally teaching blacks to read.
- 1840 - Maronite leader Bashir II surrenders to the British forces and goes into exile in Malta.
- 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Bristol Station - Confederate General Robert E. Lee forces fail to drive the Union Army out of Virginia.
- 1865 - Cheyennes and Arapahos signed a treaty with the U.S. at a camp on the Little Arkansas River in Kansas. However, none of the parties to the treaty abided by it.
- 1912 - While campaigning in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, former president Theodore Roosevelt is shot by saloonkeeper William Schrank. With a fresh flesh wound and the bullet still in him, Roosevelt still delivers his scheduled speech.
- 1913 - The New Mexico Supreme Court upholds a sodomy conviction. Ex Parte DeVore, 136 P. 47.
- 1916 - Sophomore tackle and guard Paul Robeson is excluded from the Rutgers football team when Washington and Lee Universities refuse to play against a black person.
- 1926 - The children's book Winnie-the-Pooh, by A.A. Milne, is first published.
- 1927 - The California Court of Appeals, in upholding a sodomy conviction, rules that corroborative evidence could be circumstantial in nature.
- 1944 - World War II: Given the choice between a public treason trial and a certain death by firing squad or suicide with honor, German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel chooses the latter.
- 1947 - Chuck Yeager flies a Bell X-1 faster than the speed of sound, the first man to do so in level flight.
- 1949 - Eleven leaders of the U.S. Communist Party are convicted, after a nine-month trial, of conspiring to advocate the violent overthrow of the U.S. government. Ten defendants are sentenced to 5 years in prison each, and the eleventh to 3 years. The Supreme Court upheld the convictions on June 4, 1951.
- 1953 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower promised to fire as a Communist any federal worker invoking the Fifth Amendment.
- 1953 - The Qibya massacre was carried out by Israeli troops in a West Bank village.
- 1958 - The Anshai Emath Reform Jewish Temple in Peoria, Illinois was damaged by a crude bomb.
- 1958 - The U.S. conducts an underground nuclear weapon test at the Nevada Test Site.
- 1958 - The District of Columbia Bar Association votes to accept black Americans as members.
- 1960 - U.S. presidential candidate John F. Kennedy first suggests the idea for the Peace Corps.
- 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis begins: A U-2 flight over Cuba takes photos of Soviet nuclear weapons being installed.
- 1964 - Leonid Brezhnev becomes general secretary of the CPSU and leader of the Soviet Union, ousting Nikita Khrushchev.
- 1964 - American civil rights movement leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr becomes the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1966 - The city of Montreal inaugurates its metro system (see Montreal Metro).
- 1967 - Vietnam War: Folk singer Joan Baez is arrested in a blockade of the military induction center in Oakland, California.
- 1968 - Vietnam War: 27 soldiers are arrested at the Presidio in San Francisco for their peaceful protest of stockade conditions and the Viet Nam War. Charged with mutiny, their long prison sentences are later reduced to two years.
- 1968 - Vietnam War: The United States Department of Defense announces that the United States Army and United States Marines will be sending about 24,000 troops back to Vietnam for involuntary second tours.
- 1969 - A race riot occurs in Springfield, Massachusetts.
- 1970 - The U.S. conducts an underground nuclear weapon test at the Nevada Test Site.
- 1971 - Two people are killed in a Memphis, Tennessee race riot.
- 1971 - The U.S. conducts an underground nuclear weapon test at the Nevada Test Site.
- 1973 - The Thailand's University Student are Victory protest democratic against the goverment 77 dies and 857 Injured
- 1979 - The first Gay Rights March on Washington, D.C. demands "an end to all social, economic, judicial, and legal oppression of lesbian and gay people," drawing 200,000 people.
- 1981 - Citing official misconduct in the investigation and trial, Amnesty International charges the U.S. government with holding Richard Marshall of the American Indian Movement as a political prisoner.
- 1981 - Vice President Hosni Mubarak is elected President of Egypt one week after Anwar Sadat was assassinated.
- 1985 - U.S. Attorney General Edwin Meese says in U.S. News & World Report, "If a person is innocent of a crime, then he is not a suspect."
- 1987 - 18-month-old Jessica McClure ("Baby Jessica") falls down an abandoned well in Midland, Texas (her nationally televised rescue takes 58 hours).
- 1996 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average gains 40.62 to 6,010.00, closing above 6,000 for the first time ever.
- 1998 - Eric Robert Rudolph is charged with 6 bombings including the 1996 Centennial Olympic Park bombing in Atlanta, Georgia.
- 1999 - The South Carolina Supreme Court rules that the video poker machines in the state must be unplugged by June 30, 2000.
- 2001 - Delta Flight 458 from Atlanta to Newark, New Jersey, is diverted to Charlotte-Douglas International Airport, and passengers are taken off the flight while officials investigate a report of two "Middle Eastern men" making threats in a foreign tongue. It turned out to be two Orthodox Jews who were praying peacefully.
Births
- 1257 - King Przemysl II of Poland
- 1493 - Shimazu Tadayoshi, Japanese daimyo (d. 1568)
- 1630 - Sophia of Hanover
- 1633 - James II of England and VII of Scotland
- 1644 - William Penn, English founder of Pennsylvania (d. 1718)
- 1806 - Preston King, U.S. Senator from New York
- 1842 - Joe Start, baseball player (d. 1927)
- 1857 - Elwood Haynes, automobile pioneer
- 1861 - Artur Gavazzi, Croatian geographer (d. 1944)
- 1873 - Ray Ewry, American athlete
- 1882 - Eamon de Valera, Irish politician and patriot (d. 1975)
- 1882 - Charlie Parker, English cricketer (d. 1959)
- 1888 - Katherine Mansfield, New Zealand writer (d. 1923)
- 1890 - Dwight D. Eisenhower, U.S. general and 34th President of the United States (d. 1969)
- 1893 - Lillian Gish, actress (d. 1993)
- 1894 - E. E. Cummings, American poet (d. 1962)
- 1904 - Christian Pineau, French World War II resistance fighter
- 1906 - Hannah Arendt, German political theorist and writer (d. 1975)
- 1906 - Imam Hassan al Banna, Egyptian Islamist, founder of the Muslim Brotherhood (d. 1949)
- 1908 - Allan Jones, actor, singer (d. 1992)
- 1910 - John Wooden, basketball coach
- 1911 - Le Duc Tho, Nobel Peace Prize recipient (d. 1990)
- 1914 - Raymond Davis Jr., American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1914 - Dick Durrance, American skier (d. 2004)
- 1916 - C. Everett Koop, United States Surgeon General
- 1927 - Roger Moore, actor
- 1930 - Joseph Mobutu, President of Zaire (d. 1997)
- 1935 - La Monte Young, American composer
- 1938 - John W. Dean III, White House counsel, Watergate figure
- 1938 - Empress Farah Diba of Iran
- 1939 - Ralph Lauren, fashion designer
- 1940 - Perrie Mans, South Africa snooker player
- 1940 - Cliff Richard, British singer
- 1941 - Jerry Glanville, American football coach and commentator
- 1944 - Udo Kier, German actor
- 1946 - Justin Hayward, musician (Moody Blues)
- 1946 - Craig Venter, American biologist
- 1947 - Lukas Resetarits, Austrian cabaret artist and actor
- 1949 - Katy Manning, British actress
- 1952 - Harry Anderson, actor
- 1958 - Thomas Dolby, rock musician
- 1964 - Olu Oguibe, artist and public intellectual
- 1968 - Matthew Le Tissier, English footballer
- 1969 - David Strickland, American actor (d. 1999)
- 1970 - Mihailo Rsumovic, Yugoslavian animator and comics artist
- 1971 - Jorge Costa, footballer
- 1978 - Paul Hunter, English snooker player
- 1978 - Usher Raymond, singer and actor
- 1980 - Terrence McGee, American football player
Deaths
- 1066 - Harold Godwinson, King of England
- 1610 - Amago Yoshihisa, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1540)
- 1619 - Samuel Daniel, English poet (b. 1562)
- 1660 - Thomas Harrison, English soldier
- 1711 - Tewoflos, Emperor of Ethiopia
- 1911 - John Marshall Harlan, American Supreme Court associate justice
- 1944 - Erwin Rommel, German field marshall
- 1959 - Errol Flynn, Australian actor
- 1976 - Dame Edith Evans, actress
- 1977 - Bing Crosby, American singer and actor
- 1977 - Keenan Wynn, American actor
- 1990 - Leonard Bernstein, American composer and conductor (b. 1918)
- 1994 - Emil Gilels, Ukrainian pianist (b. 1916)
- 1997 - Harold Robbins, American novelist
- 1998 - Frankie Yankovic, musician
- 1998 - Cleveland Amory, writer and animal rights activist
- 2003 - Patrick Dalzel-Job, inspiration for James Bond
Holidays
External links
- BBC: On This Day (http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/14)
October 13 - October 15 - September 14 - November 14 - more historical anniversaries
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