April 25
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April 25 is the 115th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (116th in leap years). There are 250 days remaining.
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Events
- 1607 - Eighty Years' War: Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar.
- 1707 - An Allied Austrian army is defeated by Bourbon army at Almansa (Spain) in the War of the Spanish Succession.
- 1719 - Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe is published.
- 1792 - Highwayman Nicolas J. Pelletier becomes the first person executed by guillotine.
- 1792 - "La Marseillaise" (French national anthem) is composed by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle.
- 1846 - Thornton Affair: Open conflict begins over the disputed border of Texas, triggering the Mexican-American War.
- 1849 - The Governor General of Canada, Lord Elgin, signs the Rebellion Losses Bill, outraging Montreal's English population and triggering the Montreal Riots.
- 1859 - Ground is broken for the Suez Canal.
- 1862 - American Civil War: Forces under Union Admiral David Farragut capture the Confederate city of New Orleans, Louisiana.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Mark's Mills – Confederate forces seize a Union wagon supply train on its way to Camden, Arkansas forcing Union General Frederick Steele to withdraw his troops to Little Rock, Arkansas.
- 1898 - Spanish-American War: The United States declares war on Spain.
- 1901 - New York becomes the first U.S. state to require automobile license plates.
- 1915 - The ANZAC tradition begins during World War I with a landing at Gallipoli on the Turkish coast.
- 1916 - Easter Rebellion: The United Kingdom declares martial law in Ireland.
- 1916 - ANZAC Day commemorated for the first time.
- 1926 - Reza Khan is crowned Shah of Iran under the name Reza Pahlavi.
- 1940 - The Faroese flag Merkið is made the official flag for the Faroe Islands.
- 1944 - The United Negro College Fund is incorporated.
- 1945 - Elbe Day: United States and Russian troops meet in Torgau along the River Elbe, cutting the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany in two, a milestone in the approaching end of World War II in Europe.
- 1945 - Fifty nations gather in San Francisco, California to begin the United Nations Conference on International Organizations.
- 1953 - Francis Crick and James D. Watson publish Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid describing the double helix structure of DNA.
- 1959 - The St. Lawrence Seaway, linking the North American Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean, officially opens to shipping.
- 1961 - Robert Noyce is granted a patent for an integrated circuit.
- 1972 - Vietnam War: Nguyen Hue Offensive – The North Vietnamese 320th Division forces 5,000 South Vietnamese troops to retreat and traps about 2,500 others northwest of Kontum.
- 1974 - Carnation Revolution: A coup in Portugal restores democracy.
- 1975 - As North Vietnamese forces close in on the South Vietnamese capital Saigon, the Australian Embassy is closed and evacuated, almost ten years to the day since the first Australian troop commitment to South Vietnam.
- 1981 - More than 100 workers are exposed to radiation during repairs of a nuclear power plant in Tsuruga, Japan.
- 1982 - Israel completes its withdrawal from the Sinai peninsula per the Camp David Accords.
- 1983 - American schoolgirl Samantha Smith is invited to visit the Soviet Union by its leader Yuri Andropov after he read her letter in which she expressed fears about nuclear war.
- 1983 - Pioneer 10 travels beyond Pluto's orbit.
- 1988 - In Israel, John Demjanuk is sentenced to death for war crimes committed in World War II. He was accused of being a notorious guard at the Treblinka extermination camp known as "Ivan the Terrible" by survivors.
- 1989 - James Richardson is freed from a Florida prison 21 years after being wrongfully convicted of the murder of his seven children.
- 1993 - 300,000 homosexuals march on Washington, DC demanding freedom from discrimination.
- 2005 - The final piece of the Obelisk of Axum is returned to Ethiopia after being stolen by the invading Italian army in 1937.
- 2005 - Bulgaria and Romania sign ascession treaties gaining entrance into the European Union.
Births
- 32 - Marcus Salvius Otho, Roman Emperor (d. 69)
- 1214 - St. Louis IX of France (d. 1270)
- 1284 - King Edward II of England (d. 1327)
- 1599 - Oliver Cromwell, statesman (d. 1658)
- 1770 - Georg Sverdrup, Norwegian philologist (d. 1850)
- 1840 - Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, composer (d. 1893) (O.S.)
- 1849 - Felix Klein, mathematician (d. 1925)
- 1874 - Guglielmo Marconi, inventor, recipient of the Nobel Prize in physics 1909 (d. 1937)
- 1900 - Wolfgang Ernst Pauli, physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in physics 1945 (d. 1958)
- 1902 - Werner Heyde, German psychiatrist, medical director of Nazi Germany's T-4 Euthanasia Program.
- 1903 - Andrey Nikolayevich Kolmogorov, mathematician (d. 1987)
- 1906 - William J. Brennan, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1997)
- 1908 - Edward R. Murrow, journalist (d. 1965)
- 1911 - Jack Ruby, assassin (d. 1967)
- 1914 - Ross Lockridge, Jr., writer (d. 1948)
- 1917 - Ella Fitzgerald, jazz singer (d. 1996)
- 1918 - Gerard Henri de Vaucouleurs, astronomer (d. 1995)
- 1923 - Albert King, musician
- 1925 - Sammy Drechsel, journalist, film director and cabaretist (d. 1986)
- 1928 - Vassar Clements, American bluegrass musiciaan
- 1930 - Paul Mazursky, director, writer
- 1932 - Meadlowlark Lemon, basketball star, member of the Harlem Globetrotters
- 1933 - Jerry Leiber, composer
- 1940 - Al Pacino, actor
- 1945 - Björn Ulvaeus, Swedish singer, songwriter, ABBA member
- 1946 - Talia Shire, actress
- 1946 - Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Russian politician
- 1947 - Johann Cruyff, Dutch footballer
- 1947 - Jeffrey DeMunn, American actor
- 1952 - Ketil Bjørnstad, Norwegian pianist
- 1963 - Jet Li, actor
- 1964 - Hank Azaria, actor, voice actor
- 1964 - Andy Bell, British musician (Erasure)
- 1965 - Eric Avery, American musician (Jane's Addiction)
- 1969 - Joe Buck, baseball and American football broadcaster
- 1969 - Darren Woodson, American football player
- 1969 - Renée Zellweger, actress
- 1970 - Jason Lee, American actor
- 1970 - Jason Wiles, American actor
- 1975 - Emily Bergl, British-American actress
- 1976 - Tim Duncan, basketball star, two-time NBA MVP
- 1976 - Rainer Schuettler, German professional tennis player
- 1989 - Gedhun Choekyi Nyima, 11th reincarnation of the Panchen Lama
Deaths
- 1265 - Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester
- 1295 - King Sancho IV of Castile
- 1472 - Leon Battista Alberti, artist (b. 1404)
- 1566 - Diane de Poitiers, mistress of King Henry II of France (b. 1499)
- 1595 - Torquato Tasso, Italian poet (b. 1544)
- 1744 - Anders Celsius, astronomer (b. 1701)
- 1800 - William Cowper, English poet (b. 1731)
- 1840 - Siméon-Denis Poisson, mathematician (b. 1781)
- 1878 - Anna Sewell, author (b. 1820)
- 1911 - Emilio Salgari, Italian novelist (b. 1862)
- 1937 - Michał Drzymała, Polish rebel (b.1857)
- 1968 - John Tewksbury, American athlete (b. 1876)
- 1972 - George Sanders, actor (b. 1906)
- 1982 - John Cardinal Cody, American Cardinal
- 1985 - Richard Haydn, British actor
- 1990 - Dexter Gordon, jazz musician (b. 1923)
- 1995 - Ginger Rogers, actress, dancer (b. 1911)
- 1995 - Art Fleming, American game show host
- 1996 - Saul Bass, American graphics designer
- 1998 - Morris Wright, American writer (b. 1910)
- 1999 - Lord Killanin, International Olympic Committee president (b. 1914)
- 2000 - David Merrick, producer (b. 1911)
- 2001 - Michele Alboreto, Italian race car driver (b. 1956)
- 2002 - Indra Devi, yoga teacher (b. 1899)
- 2002 - Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes, singer (b. 1971)
- 2003 - Samson Kitur, Kenyan athlete (b. (1966)
- 2005 - Swami Ranganathananda, monk and president of the Ramakrishna Mission (b. (1908)
Holidays and observances
- ANZAC Day (Australia, New Zealand)
- Carnation Revolution commemorated in Portugal (National Holiday)
- Festa della Liberazione, (Italy), annual commemoration to mark the liberation of Italy at the end of the Second World War.
- Faroe Islands - National Flag Day
- Swaziland - National Flag Day
- Easter Sunday - 1886, 1943, 2038. In the Gregorian Calendar 25th April is the latest date on which Easter Sunday can fall (22nd March is the earliest)
- Feast day of St Mark
- Rastafari movement - Celebration of Haile Selassie's visit to Jamaica
- Roman Empire - Robigalia in honor of Robigus
- Official Red Hat Society day
External links
- BBC: On This Day (http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/25)
- Today in History: April 25 (http://www.tnl.net/when/4/25)
April 24 - April 26 - March 25 - May 25 – listing of all days
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