1283
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For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century.
| Years: 1280 1281 1282 - 1283 - 1284 1285 1286 | |
| Decades: 1250s 1260s 1270s - 1280s - 1290s 1300s 1310s | |
| Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century 1283 state leaders | |
| Contents |
Events
Europe
- June 1 - The young Duke Rudolph II of Austria is forced to yield his claim on the Duchies of Austria and Styria to his elder brother, Albert I of Germany, under the Treaty of Rheinfelden.
- July 8 - At the naval Battle of Malta at Valetta, an Angevin fleet sent to help put down a rebellion on Malta is defeated by the fleet of Roger of Lauria.
- October 3 - Death by drawing and quartering is first used as a form of capital punishment (for the newly created crime of high treason) by King Edward I of England in his execution of Dafydd ap Gruffydd, the last ruler of an independent Wales.
- Construction of Caernarfon castle, Conwy Castle, and Harlech Castle is begun in Wales by King Edward I of England as a system of defenses against possible future Welsh uprisings.
- King Philip III of France causes a mass migration of Jews when he outlaws their residence in the small villages and rural localities of France.
- The E codex of the Cantigas de Santa Maria, a collection of Portuguese musical manuscripts, is dated to between 1280 and 1283.
- The Libro de los juegos, an early European treatise on board games (including chess, dice, and a version of backgammon), is commissioned by King Alfonso X of Castile between 1251 and 1283.
Asia
- King Ramkhamhaeng the Great of the Sukhothai kingdom creates the Thai alphabet, according to tradition.
- Kublai Khan's Mongol Empire invades the Khmer empire of present-day Cambodia; King Jayavarman VIII decides to pay tribute rather than fight the invasion, buying peace and preserving the empire.
- Construction on the northern section of the Grand Canal of China is completed.
- The city of Guiyang is founded in China.
Births
- April 9 - Margaret of Scotland, Queen of Scotland (d. 1290)
- Edward Balliol, King of Scotland (approximate date; d. c. 1360s)
- Juan Ruiz, Spanish poet and priest (approximate date; d. c. 1350)
- Margaret Wake, English noble
- Yoshida Kenko, Japanese author (d. c. 1350)
Deaths
- January 9 - Wen Tianxiang, Chinese patriot of the Song Dynasty (b. 1236)
- October 3 - Dafydd ap Gruffydd, Prince of Wales (b. c. 1235)
- Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland (approximate date; b. c. 1214)
- Piotr z Bogorii i Skotnik, Polish noble
- Saadi, Persian poet (date uncertain; b. 1184)af:1283
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