Cincinnati, Ohio

Cincinnati, Ohio viewed from the SW, across the Ohio River in Kentucky.
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Cincinnati, Ohio viewed from the SW, across the Ohio River in Kentucky.

Template:Infobox City

This article is about the city of Cincinnati, Ohio. There is also a town called Cincinnati, Iowa.

Cincinnati, "The Queen City" (also "The Queen of the West," "The Blue Chip City," "The City of Seven Hills," and also referred to as "Cincy") is a city in Southwestern Ohio, United States. It lies on the Ohio River and is the county seat of Hamilton CountyTemplate:GR.

As of the 2003 census, Cincinnati had a total population of 317,361, making it the third largest city in Ohio. It has a much larger metropolitan area covering parts of Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana, with nearly two million residents. It is home to both the Reds (Major League Baseball) and the Bengals (National Football League), as well as some major corporations such as Procter & Gamble, Kroger, Federated Department Stores (owner of Macy's and Bloomingdale's), Chiquita Brands International, Great American Insurance Company, and the US Playing Card Company.

Contents

History

Cincinnati was founded in 1788 by John Cleves Symmes. Surveyor John Filson named it "Losantiville". Filson[1] (http://www.filsonhistorical.org), who created the first map of Kentucky and authored the tale of Daniel Boone, formed the name "Losantiville" concatenating four terms, each of different language, meaning "The city opposite the mouth of the Licking River." "Ville" is French for "city," "anti" is Greek for "opposite," "os" is Latin for "mouth," and "L" was all that was included of "Licking River." Filson died in mysterious circumstances while surveying the purchase in September, 1788. In 1790, Arthur St. Clair, the governor of the Northwest Territory, changed the name of the settlement to "Cincinnati" in honor of the Society of the Cincinnati, of which he was president. The Society honored General George Washington, who was considered a latter day Cincinnatus—the Roman general who saved his city, then retired from power to his farm. To this day, Cincinnati in particular, and Ohio in general, are home to a disproportionately large number of descendants of Revolutionary War soldiers who were granted lands in the state.

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In 1802, Cincinnati was chartered as a village, and in 1819, it was incorporated as a city. The introduction of steam navigation on the Ohio River in 1811 and the completion of the Miami and Erie Canal helped the city grow to 115,000 citizens by 1850. The nickname "Porkopolis" was coined around 1835, when Cincinnati was the country's chief hog packing center, and herds of pigs traveled the streets. Called the "Queen of the West" by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (although this nickname was first used by a local newspaper in 1819), Cincinnati was an important stop on the Underground Railroad, which helped slaves escape from the South.

Cincinnati is also known as the City of Seven Hills, which is probably a romantic reference to Rome and Cincinnatus, though there is no agreement on the specific hills (http://www.cincinnati.com/local/atoz/upsanddowns.html) to which the name refers.

As a pioneer-era city, it compared with Pittsburgh and Nashville. As a "Riverboat" and canal-era city, it compared with Louisville, St. Louis and New Orleans. As an immigrant, industrial city it compared with Brooklyn, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Chicago, and Detroit.

Because of its river setting and extensive park system, many commentators have remarked on Cincinnati's beauty, including Winston Churchill, who called it "the most beautiful of America's inland cities." The city's picturesque skyline was used as a backdrop for the fictional city of Monticello on the soap opera The Edge of Night, one of the many soap operas sponsored by Cincinnati soap maker Procter & Gamble.

Politics

Currently, although downtown Cincinnati generally votes Democratic like other Midwestern cities, greater Cincinnati/Hamilton County generally votes Republican.

The city is governed by a nine-member city council, whose members are elected at large. Prior to 1924, city council was elected through a system of wards. The ward system lent itself to corruption and Cincinnati was run by the Republican political machine of Boss Cox from the 1880's through the 1920's with a few brief interludes. A reform movement arose in 1923, led by another Republican, Murray Seasongood. Seasongood eventually founded the Charter Committee, which used ballot initiatives in 1924 to eliminate the ward system and replace it with the current at-large system and also to introduce a city manager. From 1924 to 1957, the council was selected by proportional representation. As of 1957, all candidates run in a single race and the top nine vote-getters are elected (the "9-X system"). The mayor was selected by the council. Starting in 1987, the top vote-getter in the city council race automatically became mayor. Starting in 1999, the mayor was chosen in a separate election and the city manager accepted a lesser role in government; these reforms were referred to as the "strong mayor" reforms. Cincinnati politics includes the participation of the Charter Party, the third-party with the longest history of winning in local elections.

Race relations are an evolving challenge in Cincinnati. On April 7, 2001, a Cincinnati policeman shot dead an unarmed 19-year-old African-American named Timothy Thomas after an extended pursuit. A week of race rioting followed (see 2001 Cincinnati Riots). After the unrest, some African-American leaders called for a boycott of downtown Cincinnati. The US Justice department contributed to the ongoing collaborative agreement.

Geography

Cincinnati is located at 39°8'10" North, 84°30'11" West (39.136160, -84.503088)Template:GR. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 206.1 km² (79.6 mi²). 201.9 km² (78.0 mi²) of it is land and 4.1 km² (1.6 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 2.01% water.

Demographics

As of the censusTemplate:GR of 2003, there are 317,361 people, 166,012 households, and 72,566 families residing in the city. The population density is 1,640.5/km² (4,249.0/mi²). There are 166,012 housing units at an average density of 822.1/km² (2,129.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 52.97% White, 42.92% Black or African American, 0.21% Native American, 1.55% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.63% from other races, and 1.68% from two or more races. 1.28% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There are 148,095 households out of which 25.1% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 26.6% are married couples living together, 18.6% have a female householder with no husband present, and 51.0% are non-families. 42.8% of all households are made up of individuals and 11.1% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.15 and the average family size is 3.02.

The age distribution is 24.5% under the age of 18, 12.9% from 18 to 24, 31.6% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.3% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 32 years. For every 100 females there are 89.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 85.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city is $29,493, and the median income for a family is $37,543. Males have a median income of $33,063 versus $26,946 for females. The per capita income for the city is $19,962. 21.9% of the population and 18.2% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 32.0% of those under the age of 18 and 14.8% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

People from Cincinnati

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Cincinnati skyline at night, from the Kentucky shore.
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Fictional characters

Music

Transportation

News

Radio

  • These are the major talk and music radio stations in the Cincinnati area:
    • 55WKRC AM Talk Radio "The Talk Station"] [2] (http://www.55krc.com)
    • NewsRadio 700 WLW AM "The Big One" [3] (http://www.700wlw.com)
    • Sacred Heart Radio 740 AM] [4] (http://www.sacredheartradio.com)
    • News Talk 1160 WBOB AM] [5] (http://www.wbob.com)
    • 1360 Homer AM "The Sports Animal" Sports Radio] [6] (http://www.1360homer.com)
    • 1530 WCKY AM "The Revolution of Talk Radio"] [7] (http://www.wcky.com)
    • WGUC 90.9 FM NPR; Classical Music] [8] (http://www.wguc.org)
    • WVXU 91.7 FM NPR; Public Radio] [9] (http://www.wvxu.org/html/wvxu.html)
    • WOFX "The FOX" Classic Rock 92.5 FM] [10] (http://www.foxcincinnati.com)
    • WAKW "New Life 93" Christian 93.3 FM] [11] (http://www.wakw.com)
    • WVMX "Mix 94.1" Adult Contemporary FM] [12] (http://www.wvmx.com)
    • WMOJ "Jammin' Oldies" Oldies 94.9 FM] [13] (http://www.mojo949.com)
    • WYGY "The Star" Country 96.5 FM] [14] (http://www.wygy.com)
    • WAQZ "Cincinnati's New Rock 97.3" Alternative Rock 97.3 FM] [15] (http://www.newrock973.com)
    • WRRM "Warm 98" Soft Rock 98.5 FM] [16] (http://www.warm98.com)
    • WIZF "The Wiz" Hip Hop-Rap-R&B 100.9 FM] [17] (http://www.wizfm.com)
    • WKRQ "Q 102" Top 40 101.9 FM] [18] (http://www.wkrq.com)
    • WEBN "WEBN" Rock 102.7 FM] [19] (http://www.webn.com)
    • WGRR "Oldies 103.5" Oldies 103.5 FM] [20] (http://www.wgrr.com)
    • WNLT "K Love" Contemporary Christian 104.3 FM] [21] (http://www.klove.com)
    • WUBE "B 105" Country 105.1 FM] [22] (http://www.wube.com)
    • WPFB "The Rebel" Country 105.9 FM] [23] (http://www.1059therebel.com)
    • WKFS "KISS 107 FM" Top 40-Hip Hop-Rap 107.1] [24] (http://www.kisscincinnati.com)

Cultural

Attractions

Buildings

Galleries

Movies

Museums

Music

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Cincinnati Music Hall

Theater

Food culture

Sports

Major leagues

Minor leagues

Major colleges

The suburb of Mason hosts the Western & Southern Financial Group Masters, one of the nine (men's) tennis events in the ATP Tennis Masters Series. Nearby Sparta, Kentucky is home to Kentucky Speedway.

In March, 2005 and 2006, the US Bank Arena will host the Atlantic 10 Conference men's basketball tournament.

Company Headquarters in Cincinnati

These companies have headquarters in Cincinnati:

External links

Template:Mapit-US-cityscale

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