Ninoy Aquino International Airport
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The Ninoy Aquino International Airport or NAIA (IATA airport code: MNL, ICAO airport code: RPLL) is the international airport that serves Manila, in the Philippines, and its surrounding metropolitan area. It is the main international gateway of the country.
It is located along the border between Pasay City and Parañaque City in Metro Manila. It is about 7 kilometers south of the country's capital Manila, and southwest of Makati City's Central Business District.
NAIA is the main hub of Air Philippines, Asian Spirit, Cebu Pacific, Philippine Airlines, and South East Asian Airlines.
The airport is managed by the Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA), a branch of the Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC).
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History
The original airport that served Manila, the Manila International Air Terminal, was opened in July 1937 on Nielson Field, located in what is now the central business district of Makati. In 1948, the airport was moved to its current site adjacent to the Villamor Airbase, which was then called Nichols Field. The original structure was built on what is now the site of the NAIA-2. In 1981, a new structure was built after a fire damaged the old terminal building, and this new structure is what is now NAIA-1. The new terminal was capable of handling more passengers than the old terminal. Previously named Manila International Airport, it was later renamed to its present name after the EDSA Revolution, in honor of Benigno Aquino Jr., whose nickname was Ninoy. Ninoy was the husband of former president Corazon Aquino, and the opposition senator who was assassinated at the airport shortly after he arrived in the country following his political exile.
Plans for a new terminal were conceived in 1989, when the Department of Transportation and Communications commissioned Aéroports de Paris to do a study to expand the Ninoy Aquino International Airport's capacity. The recommendation was two build two new terminals, and so NAIA-2 and NAIA-3 were built in the succeeding years.
On December 11, 1994, Philippine Airlines Flight 434 was flying on its second leg of the Ninoy Aquino International Airport - Mactan-Cebu International Airport - New Tokyo International Airport (now Narita International Airport) route when a bomb on board exploded, killing a passenger. The airliner was able to make an emergency landing. Authorities later found out that Ramzi Yousef planted the bomb on the airliner to test the bomb for his Project Bojinka plot. His project was discovered in Manila after an apartment fire on the night of January 5 and the morning of January 6, 1995.
If Project Bojinka had not been discovered after a fire in Manila, Philippines, one or more aircraft owned by a U.S. carrier/s flying to this airport would have blown up over the Pacific Ocean on January 21, 1995 as part of the project's first phase.
Airlines
Terminal 1
- Air France (Bangkok, Paris-Charles de Gaulle via Bangkok)
- Air Macau (Macau)
- Air Niugini (Port Moresby)
- American Airlines (Los Angeles, Seattle, Honolulu, San Francisco, Portland) (starting December 2005)
- Asiana Airlines (Busan, Seoul-Incheon)
- Cathay Pacific (Hong Kong)
- Cebu Pacific (Hong Kong, Seoul-Incheon)
- China Airlines (Kaohsiung, Taipei-Chiang Kai-shek)
- China Southern Airlines (Beijing via Xiamen, Guangzhou, Xiamen)
- Continental Micronesia (Guam, Koror, Saipan)
- Gulf Air (Abu Dhabi, Manama, Muscat)
- Japan Airlines (Nagoya, Tokyo-Narita)
- Jetstar Asia Airways (Singapore)
- EgyptAir (Cairo)
- Emirates Airlines (Dubai)
- EVA Air (Taipei-Chiang Kai-shek)
- KLM (Amsterdam)
- Korean Air (Seoul-Incheon)
- Kuwait Airways (Bangkok, Kuwait City via Bangkok)
- Lufthansa (Bangkok, Frankfurt via Bangkok and/or Guangzhou, Guangzhou)
- Malaysia Airlines (Kota Kinabalu, Kuala Lumpur)
- Northwest Airlines (Detroit via Nagoya, Nagoya, Tokyo-Narita)
- Pakistan International Airlines (Beijing via Tokyo, Karachi, Tokyo-Narita)
- Qantas Airways (Brisbane, Melbourne, Sydney)
- Qatar Airways (Doha)
- Royal Brunei Airlines (Bandar Seri Begawan)
- Saudi Arabian Airlines (Riyadh)
- Singapore Airlines (Singapore)
- Swiss International Air Lines (Zurich)
- Thai Airways International (Bangkok)
- Vietnam Airlines (Ho Chi Minh City)
Terminal 2
- Philippine Airlines (all Philippine Airlines domestic and international destinations)
Domestic Terminal
- Air Philippines (all Air Philippines domestic destinations)
- Asian Spirit (all Asian Spirit destinations)
- Cebu Pacific (all Cebu Pacific domestic destinations)
- Interisland Airlines (all Interisland Airlines destinations)
- Laoag International Airlines (all Laoag International Airlines destinations)
- South East Asian Airlines (Seair) (Angeles City, Basco (seasonal), Busuanga, Caticlan, El Nido, Rodriguez, San Jose (Occidental Mindoro), Subic Bay (seasonal))
International Cargo Terminal
- Cargolux
- DHL
- Federal Express
- Korean Air Cargo
- KLM Cargo
- JALCARGO
- Lufthansa Cargo
- MASkargo
- Nippon Cargo Airlines
- Northwest Airlines Cargo
- Qatar Airways Cargo
- Singapore Airlines Cargo
- Thai Cargo
- United Parcel Service
Note: Philippine carriers use different hangars for their cargo services, whether domestic or international.
Structure
Runways
NAIA has a primary runway (3,354 m) running at 061°/241° (designated as Runway 06/24) and a secondary runway (2,425 m) running at 136°/316° (designated as Runway 13/31).
Terminals
NAIA has two operational international terminals, with a third one scheduled for completion by 2005, and a separate domestic terminal.
The first terminal, NAIA-1, is the original terminal and was constructed in 1981. The 67,000 square meter terminal was designed by Filipino architect Leandro V. Locsin and has a design capacity of 4.5 million passengers per year. It currently serves all non-Philippine Airlines international flights. The terminal reached capacity in 1991 and has been over capacity ever since.
The second terminal, NAIA-2, was finished in 1998 and is named the Centennial Terminal since 1998 was the centennial year of the declaration of Philippine independence. The 75,000 square meter terminal was originally designed by Aéroports de Paris to be a domestic terminal, but the design was later modified to accommodate international flights. It has a capacity of 2.5 million passengers per year in its international wing and 5 million in its domestic wing, which later will expand to nine million passengers yearly. Terminal 2 is the home of Philippine Airlines and is used for both its domestic and international flights since it has the most number of flights out of the NAIA terminals.
The third, much larger terminal, NAIA-3, was approved for construction in 1997 and is nearly complete. The modern US$500 million, 189,000 square meter facility was designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM) to have a capacity of 13 million passengers per year. However, a legal dispute between the government of the Philippines and the project's main contractor, PIATCO, over alleged anomalies in the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) contract, is holding completion and opening of the terminal. On December 2004, the Philippine Government took over the management of the facility through an order of the Pasay City Regional Trial Court (RTC). NAIA-3 is set to open its gates to the world in December 2005 and will take over all operations of NAIA-1.
The Domestic Terminal on the old Airport Road was built in 1948 and handles all domestic air traffic, excluding Philippine Airlines. Currently, the terminal is composed of two single-story buildings and serves the domestic flights of other local carriers, which are Cebu Pacific, Air Philippines, Asian Spirit, South East Asian Airlines (Seair), Laoag International Airlines, and Interisland Airlines.
Other structures
The airport also serves as a gateway facility of the logistics company DHL, and hosts the aircraft repair and maintenance facilities of German firm Lufthansa Technik AG, a division of Lufthansa.
Ground transportation
Taxi service is available to NAIA from all points of Metro Manila. Also, jeepney routes are also available to the airport. Both forms of transportation connect all three NAIA terminals as well.
The airport is also connected to the Light Rail Transit line 1 (LRT-1) by a two-kilometer taxi ride to Baclaran station.
External links
- Manila International Airport (http://www.ato.gov.ph/Airports/NAIA.htm)
- Manila International Airport Authority (http://203.160.183.226/miaa/default.asp)