Latin names of European cities

Until the Modern Era, Latin was the common language for scholarship and mapmaking. During the 19th and 20th centuries, German scholars in particular have made significant contributions to the study of historical place names, or Ortsnamenkunde. These studies have, in turn, contributed to the study of genealogy. For genealogists and historians of pre-Modern Europe, knowing alternate names of places is vital to extracting information from both public and private records. Even specialists in this field point out, however, that the information can be easily taken out of context, since there is a great deal of repetition of place names throughout Europe; reliance purely on apparent connections should therefore be tempered with valid historical methodology.

One caveat that must be observed, however, is that even Latin place names are not always exclusive to one place — for example, there were several Roman cities whose names began with Colonia and then a more descriptive term. During the Middle Ages, these were often shortened to just Colonia. One of these, Colonia Agrippinensis, retains the name today in the form of Cologne.

The standard reference to Latin placenames, with their modern quivalents, is Dr. J. G. Th. Graesse, Orbis Latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit (1909), an exhaustive work of meticulous German scholarship that is available on-line at:

http://www.columbia.edu (http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/contents.html).

To use it, one must understand German names of countries, as they were in 1909. The original was re-edited an expanded in a multi-volume edition in 1972.

This list includes Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, and Kurdistan northwest of Arbil.

This list excludes Abkhazia, Azerbaijan, Britain, Channel Islands, Chechnya, Dagestan, Faeroe Islands, Iceland, Ireland, Kazakhstan, and Tatarstan.

The following table begins to offer equivalents to more modern place-names.

Suggest adding other languages to table
Arabic form of city names
Greek form of city names

Following is a List of Cities stating the Latin and equivalent English name(s)

Latin	English Name, [(other name(s))] or [older name(s)], [province], [state]
Abellinum	Avellino (east of Naples), Italy
Aberdonia, Aberdonium	Aberdeen, Scotland
Aboa	Turku (Turku, Åbo), Finland
Abritum, Abrittus	Razgrad, Bulgaria
Abruttus	Abrud, Romania
Acaunum	Saint-Maurice, Valais, Switzerland
Acharnae¹	Acharnes (Acharnae), Menidi, Greece
ad Aesim	Falconara Marittima, Marche, Italy
ad Martis	S. Maria in Pantano near Massa Martana, Umbria, Italy
ad Mercurii, Augusta Zilil, Zilil	near Arzila, Morocco
Adrianopolis	Edirne, Turkey
Aegyssus	Tulcea, Romania
Aelia Capitolina	Jerusalem
Aeminium	Coimbra, Portugal
Aenona	Nin, Croatia
Aequum	Čitluk, (near Sinj), Croatia
Aquisgrana, Aquis Granum, Aquae Grani, Aquensis urbs, Granis aquae	Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle)
Ad Fines	Pfyn, Thurgau, Switzerland
Ad Mediam	Băile Herculane, Romania
Ad Pirum	Hrušica, Slovenia
Ad Mediam	Mehadia, Romania
Ad Stoma	Bretcu, Romania
Aegida, Capris, Caput Histriae	Koper, Slovenia
Aegina	Aegina, Greece
Agrigentum	Agrigento, Italy
Agrinium¹	Agrinio (Agrinion), Greece
(Colonia Claudia) Ara Agrippinensium	Cologne (Köln), Germany
Albintimilium	Ventimiglia
Albona	Labin, Croatia
Albunrnus Maior	Rosia Montana, Romania
Alexandropolis¹	Alexandroupolis, Greece
Almyrus¹	Almyros (Almyrus), Greece
Alostum	Aalst
Altinum	Oltina, Romania
Amalia	Åmål, Sweden
Amantia	Amantia, Albania
Ameria	Amelia, Umbria, Italy
Amivadum	Amersfoort
Ammurianum	Murano, Italy
Ampelum	Zlatna, Romania
Amphilochia¹	Amphilochia, Greece
Amphipolis¹	Amphipolis, Greece
Amphissa¹	Amphissa, Amfissa, Greece
Amstelodamum	Amsterdam, Netherlands
Ancyra	Ankara, Turkey
Anderlacum	Anderlecht, Belgium
Angustia	Rasnov, Romania
Antigonea	Gjirokaster, Albania
Antipatrea	Berat, Albania
Antunacum	Andernach
Apollonia	Fier, Albania
Apuania	Massa Carrara
Apulum	Alba Iulia, Romania
Arrubium	Macin, Romania
Aqua Balissae	Daruvar, Croatia
Aqua Villae	Badenweiler, Germany
Aqua Viva	Varazdin, Croatia
Aquae Flaviae	Chaves, Portugal
Aquae Helveticae	Baden, Aargau, Switzerland
Aquae Sextiae	Aix-en-Provence, France
Aquae Sulis	Bath, United Kingdom
Aquama	Cakovec, Croatia
Aquilia in Vestinis, Aquilia	L'Aquila, Italy
Aquincum	Budapest (Óbuda), Hungary
Arae Flaviae	Rottweil, Germany
Arabriga	Alenquer, Portugal
Arandis	Garvão, Ourique, Portugal
Arbor Felix	Arbon, Thurgau, Switzerland
Arca Caesarea	Arqa, Lebanon
Arconisium	Racconigi
Ardea	Ardea
Arelate	Arles, France
Arenacum	Arnhem, Netherlands
Argentoratum	Strasbourg, France
Argos¹	Argos, Greece
Ariminum, Ariminium	Rimini, Italy
Arosia	Västerås, Sweden
Arrabona	Győr, Hungary
Arutela	Calimanesti, Romania
Assindria	Essen
Assisium	Assisi, Umbria, Italy
Asturica Augusta	Astorga
Atalanta	Atalante (Atalanta), Greece
Aternum	Pescara, Italy
Athenae¹	Athens, Greece
Atrans	Trojane, Slovenia
Atrebatum	Arras
Atuatuca Tungrorum	Tongeren, Belgium
Augusta	Augusta
Augusta Argentorate	Strasbourg, France
Augusta Perusia	Perugia, Italy
Augusta Praetoria Salassorum	Aosta, Italy
Augusta Raurica	Kaiseraugst (Augst), Switzerland
Augusta Taurinorum	Turin, Italy
Augusta Treverorum	Trier (Treves), Germany
Augusta Vindelicorum	Augsburg, Germany
Aurelia Aquensi	Baden-Baden, Germany
Aulona	Vlora, Albania
Aureliani	Orléans, France
Avenio	Avignon, France
Aventicum	Avenches, Vaud, Switzerland
Aviarium	Aveiro, Portugal
Badena civitas	Baden, Germany
Baesuris	Castro Marim, Portugal
Baetulo	Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
Balsa	west of Tavira, Portugal
Bangertium	Bangor, United Kingdom
Barcino	Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Barium	Bari, Italy
Basilia, Basilea	Basel, Switzerland
Batavis, Castra Batavorum, Castra Batava	Passau, Germany
Benacus	Garda, Italy
Beneventum	Benevento, Italy
Bergomum	Bergamo, Italy
Belna	Beaune, France
Berna	Bern, Switzerland
Berolinum	Berlin, Germany
Berroea	Verroia, Berrea, Greece
Berytus	Beirut (Bayrut), Lebanon
Berzobis	Berzovia, Romania
Bilbilis	Calatayud, Spain
Blariacum	Blerick, Netherlands
Bobium, Ebovium	Bobbio, Italy
Boërosia	Borås, Sweden
Bononia	Bologna, Italy
Bona	Blagaj, Croatia
Bonna	Bonn, Germany
Borbetomagus	Worms, Germany
Boreana	Burano, Italy
Bosanum	Bolzano, Italy
Bracara Augusta	Braga, Portugal
Brema	Bremen, Germany
Brestum, Brestia, Brivates Portis	Brest, France
Brienzola	Brienz, Bern, Switzerland
Brigantium, Brigantia	Bregenz, Austria
Brigetio	Komárom-Szőny, Hungary
Brindisium, Brundisium	Brindisi, Italy
Brunsvicum	Braunschweig (Brunswick), Germany
Brunntrudum, Bruntraut	Pruntrut, Switzerland
Brixellum	Brescello, Italy
Brixia, Brixina	Brescia, Italy
Bruxella, Bruxellae	Brussels, Belgium
Budapestum/Budapestinum, Buda Vetus (Medieval Latin)	Budapest, Hungary
Burdigala	Bordeaux, France
Buthrotum	Butrint, Albania
Bylis	Bylis, Albania
Byzantium	Istanbul, Turkey
Caesaraugusta	Saragossa, Spain
Caesarea Mazaca	Kayseri, Turkey
Caetobriga	Setúbal, Portugal
Calagurris	Calahorra
Calatis	Mangalia, Romania
Calcaria	Tadcaster
Calisia	Kalisz, Poland
Callatis	Mangalia, Romania
Calmaria	Kalmar, Sweden
Calpe	Gibraltar, Spain
Cambodunum	Kempten, Germany
Cantabrigia	Cambridge, United Kingdom
Capua	Santa Maria di Capua Vetere, Italy
Caralis	Cagliari
Carnium, Carnioburgum	Kranj, Slovenia
Carnuntum/Karnuntum	Deutsch-Altenburg–Petronell, Austria
Caroli Corona	Karlskrona, Sweden
Carolina Vetus	Gamla Karleby, Sweden
Carsium	Hârşova, Romania
Carthago	Carthage
Carthago Nova	Cartagena, Spain
Carystus¹	Carystos/Carystus, Greece
Cassovia	Košice, Slovakia
Castra	Ajdovščina, Slovenia
Castra Regina, Ratisbona	Regensburg, Germany
Castrum Novaesium	Neuss, Germany
Catalaunum, Catelaunorum	Chalons-sur-Marne, France
Celeia	Celje, Slovenia
Cenchreae¹	Kechries, some prefer Cenchreae (near Corinth), Greece
Centum Cellae	Civitavecchia, Italy
Centum Cellae, Centum Celas	Colmeal da Torre, Belmonte, Portugal
Chalcis¹	Chalkida (in Euboea, Greece)
Chemnitium, Chemnicium	Chemnitz, Germany
Christinae portus	Kristinehamn, Sweden
Christiania	Kristianstad, Sweden
Cibalae	Vinkovci, Croatia
Cibinum	Sibiu, Sibiu (county), Romania
Cignavia, Cignea, Cygnea, Cynavia	Zwickau, Germany
Cimbrorum portus	Simrishamn, Sweden
Civitas Sancti Romuli	Sanremo, Sancti Remi, San Remu, San Remo
Civitas Victoriosa	Birgu, Malta
Clagenfurtum	Klagenfurt (Celovec), Austria
Clivia	Kleve, Germany
Conimbriga	Condeixa-a-Nova, South of today's Coimbra, Portugal
Colonia Agrippina, Colonia Agrippinensis	Cologne (Köln), Germany
Colonia Ulpia Traiana, Sarmizegethusa	Ulpia Traiana, Romania
Colonia Ulpia Traiana, Vetera	Xanten, Germany
Comaromium	Komárno, Slovakia
Comum	Como, Italy
(Castellum apud) Confluentes	Koblenz, Germany
Conimbriga	Condeixa, Portugal
Constantia	Konstanz (Constance), Germany
Constantinopolis	Istanbul, Turkey
Contra-Aquincum	Budapest (Pest), Hungary
Copinga	Köping, Sweden
Corcyra³	Corfu, Greece
Corduba	Córdoba
Corinthus¹	Corinth, Greece
Coriovallum	Heerlen, Netherlands
Coronia	Landskrona, Sweden
Cracovia	Kraków, Poland
Curia	Chur, Graubünden, Switzerland
Cusum	Novi Sad, Serbia and Montenegro
Culmen	Chełmno, Poland
Dalecarlius	Dalälven, Sweden
Damascus	Damascus (Dimashq), Syria
Dantiscum, Gedanum, Gedania	Gdańsk, Poland
Delphi¹	Delphi, Greece
Deva	Chester, United Kingdom
Dertusa	Tortosa, Catalonia, Spain
Dierna	Orsova, Romania
Dinia, Diniensium civitas	Digne
Dioclea	Podgorica, Serbia and Montenegro
Divinium	Devin in Bratislava, Slovakia
Divio	Dijon, France
Dodona¹	Dodona, Greece
Dorylaeum	near Eşkişehir, Turkey
Drepanum	Trapani W of Palermo
Dresda	Dresden, Germany
Drobeta	Drobeta Turnu Severin, Romania
Durovernum Cantiacorum	Canterbury, United Kingdom
Dyrrhachium	Durrës, Albania
Eblanda	Dublin, Ireland
Ebora	Evora, Portugal
Eboracum	York
Eburodunum	Yverdon-les-Bains, Vaud, Switzerland
Eckesioea, Ecksium	Eksjö, Sweden
Egara	Terrassa, Catalonia, Spain
Egiptania	Idanha-a-Velha, Portugal
Eindovia	Eindhoven, Netherlands
Elbinga, Elbingus, Elbinca, Elbangum, Elbingense castrum	Elbląg, Poland
Eleusis¹	Eleusis, Greece
Emda, Emetha	Emden
Emerita Augusta	Mérida
Emesa	Homs, Syria
Emona, Aemona, Labacum	Ljubljana, Slovenia
Encopia	Enköping, Sweden
Eperiessinum, Fragopolis	Presov, Slovakia
Epidaurus	Cavtat, Croatia
Ephesus	Efes, Turkey
Epidaurus¹	Epidaurus, Greece
Erfordia	Erfurt
Esilinga, Ezelinga, Ezzilinga	Eßlingen, Germany
Fabiranum, Fabrianum	Fabriano, Italy
Falcopia	Falköping, Sweden
Firmum (Picenum)	Fermo
Flanona	Plomin, Croatia
Flaviacum	Saint-Germer, Flavigny
Florentia	Firenze (Florence), Italy
Flumen	Rijeka, Fiume, Terra Sancti Viti, Croatia
Forlivium	Forli, Italy
Formio	Rižana
Forum Novum Siculorum	Targu Mures, Mures, Romania
Francofortum ad Moenum	Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Friburgum Brisgoviae	Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
Fulginiae, Fulginium	Foligno, Umbria, Italy
Gades	Cádiz, Spain
Gedania, Gedanum, Dantiscum	Gdańsk, Poland
Genava	Geneva, Switzerland
Genoa	Genova, Italy
Gerulata	Rusovce in Bratislava, Slovakia
Gerunda	Girona, Catalonia, Spain
Gevalia	Gävle, Sweden
Glanum	Saint Rémy-de-Provence
Glascouium	Glasgow, Scotland
Glevum Colonia	Gloucester, United Kingdom
Goettinga	Göttingen, Germany
Goslaria	Goslar
Gorlicium	Görlitz, Germany / Zgorzelec, Poland
Gorsium	Tác, Hungary
Gothia	Gothenburg (Göteborg), Sweden
Granata	Granada, Spain
Gythium	Gytheion, Greece
Hafnia	Copenhagen (København), Denmark
Hale Suevice	Hall in Schwaben
Halicarnassus¹	Bodrum, Turkey
Halifacium, Hortonium	Halifax, England
Halmostadium	Halmstad, Sweden
Hamburgum, Hamburgium, Hammonia	Hamburg, Germany
Hannovera	Hanover (Hannover), Germany
Helsingi(ensis), Helsingfordia	Helsinki (Helsingfors), Finland
Heraclium¹	Iraklion, rarely Heraclion, Crete, Greece
Herbipolis	Würzburg, Germany
Heraclea Pontica	Bender Eregli, Turkey
Herculaneum	Ercolano, Italy
Hierapolis	Pamukkale, Turkey
Hierosolyma	Jerusalem
Hiovia	Hjo, Sweden
Hispellum, Colonia Julia Hispellum, Hispellum	Spello, Umbria, Italy
Holmia, Stockholmia	Stockholm, Sweden
Hudvicovaldum	Hudiksvall, Sweden
Iguvium, Ikuvium	Gubbio, Umbria, Italy
Ilerda	Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
Ilium	Troy
Iluro	Mataró, Catalonia, Spain
Interamna Nahars, Interamna Nahartium	Terni, Umbria, Italy
Isthmia¹	Isthmia, Greece, slightly east of Corinth
Iuliacum	Jülich, Germany
Iader(a)	Zadar, Croatia
Iassium	Iasi, Romania
Ilea Capitolina	Jerusalem, Israel
Intercisa	Dunaújváros, Hungary
Issa	Vis, Croatia
Iuenna	Podjuna
Iuncopia	Jönköping, Sweden
Iuvavum	Salzburg, Austria
Labellum	Lavello
Laccobriga	Lagos, Portugal
Lagaholmia	Laholm, Sweden
Lamecum	Lamego, Portugal
Lancobriga	Fiães, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal
Larnaca¹	Larnaca, Cyprus
Laugaricio	Trencin, Slovakia
Lauriacum	Lorch, Germany
Laurium, (Thoricum before mid-1^st century BC)	Laurium (Laurion), Greece
Laurium, Laurum	Woerden, Netherlands
Lederata	Rama, Romania
Lentia	Linz, Austria
Leodium	Liège, Belgium
Leopolis	L'viv, Ukraine
Leucas	Lefkada, (Lefkas, Leucas), Greece
Lexovium, Lexoviorum	Lisieux, Calvados, France
Lidcopia	Lidköping, Sweden
Lincopia	Linköping, Sweden
Lindaugia, Lindavia	Lindau, Germany
Lindesberga, Linda	Lindesberg, Sweden
Lipsia	Leipzig, Germany
Lithopolis	Kamnik, Slovenia
Lissus	Lezha, Albania
Locoritum	Lohr, Bavaria, Germany
Londinium	London, United Kingdom
Longatico, Longaticum	Logatec, Slovenia
Lousonna	Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
Lubeca	Lübeck, Lubeke
Lugdunum	Lyon, France
Lugdunum Batavorum	Leiden, The Netherlands
Lugdunum Convenarum	Saint Bertrand de Comminges, France
Lula	Luleå, Sweden
Lunda	Lund, Sweden
Lupiae	Lecce, Italy
Lutetia	Paris, France
Madritum	Madrid, Spain
Magdeburgum	Magdeburg, Germany
Malaca	Malaga, Spain
Malmogia	Malmö, Sweden
Mantua	Mantua (Mantova), Italy
Marathon, Marathonis¹	Marathon, Greece
Marburgum	Maribor, Slovenia
Massilia	Marseille, France
Matilo	Leiden, Netherlands
Media	Medias, Sibiu, Romania
Medicorum villa	Medevibrunn, Sweden
Medicinum	Mézin
Mediolanum	Milan (Milano), Italy
Mediolanum Aulercorum	Evreux, France
Mediolanum Santonum	Saintes, France
Megalopolis¹	Megalopolis, Greece
Megara	Megara (west of Athens), Greece
Messana	Messina, slightly west of Reggio di Calabria
Mevania	Bevagna, Umbria, Italy
Minorisa	Manresa, Catalonia, Spain
Misnia	Meissen
Mirobriga Celticorum	Santiago do Cacém, Portugal
Moguncia, Moguntia, Moguntiacum, Mogontiacum	Mainz, Germany
Monachium, Monacum	Munich (München), Germany
Monaecum, Portus (Herculis) Monoeci	Monaco
Monasterium	Bitolj, Macedonia
Monasterium in Eifel	Bad Münstereifel, Germany
Monasterium Westphaliae	Münster, Germany
Mondobriga	Alter do Chão, Portugal
Morgiis	Morges, Switzerland
Mosae Traiectum	Maastricht, Netherlands
Mursa	Osijek, Croatia
Mutina	Modena, Italy
Mycenae	Mycenae (Mykênes, Mykênai), Greece
Myrtilis	Mértola, Portugal
Nabantia	Tomar, Portugal
Naissus	Niš, Serbia and Montenegro
Napoca, Claudiopolis	Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Narbo	Narbonne
Narona	Vid, (today's Metkovic), Croatia
Naupactus	Na(u)fpaktos, Greece
Nauplium¹	Na(u)fplion, Greece
Nauportus	Vrhnika, Slovenia
Neapolis	Naples (Napoli), Italy
Neapolis-Aemonia	Novigrad, Croatia
Neosolium	Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
Nemausus	Nîmes, France
Nemea¹	Nemea, Greece
Neoplanta	Novi Sad, Serbia and Montenegro
Nesactium	Visače
Neviodunum	Drnovo, Slovenia
Nicaea, Nicia	Nice, France
Nicaea	Iznik, Turkey
Nicomedia¹	Izmit, Turkey
Nicopia	Nyköping, Sweden
Nicopolis¹	Nicopolis, Greece
Nola	Nola, ENE of Naples, Italy
Norcopia	Norrköping, Sweden
Noreia	Neumarkt, Austria
Norimberga	Nuremberg (Nürnberg), Germany
Nova Ionia (Athenae)	Nea Ionia (Athens) aka New Ionia, Greece
Nova Ionia (Thessalia)	Nea Ionia (Thessaly) aka New Ionia, Greece
Novae	Sishtov, Bulgaria
Novaesium, Novensium	Neuss, Germany
Noviomagus	Nijmegen, Noyon, Speyer, Neumagen
Noviodunum (Colonia Iulia Equestris)	Nyon, Vaud, Switzerland
Noviodunum	Soissons, France
Noviodunum	Isaccea, Tulcea, Romania
Novio Rito	Niort
Nursia	Norcia, Umbria, Italy
Octodurum	Martigny, Valais, Switzerland
Odessus	Varna
Oenipons	Innsbruck, Austria
Olisipo, Ulyssipolis	Lisbon (Lisboa), Portugal
Olmedum	Olmedo
Olympia¹	Olympia, Greece
Olympias¹	Olympias (Olympiada), Greece
Oneum	Omis, Croatia
Orchomenos¹	Orchomenus, Greece
Orebrogia	Örebro, Sweden
Oresundae	Öresund, Sweden
Ossonoba	Faro, Portugal
Ovilava	Wels, Austria
Oxonia	Oxford, United Kingdom
Paeania¹	Paiania (Paeania), Greece
Pampalona, Pampelona	Pamplona
Panormus	Palermo, Italy
Parentium	Poreč, Croatia
Partiscum	Szeged, Hungary
Patavia, Castra Batava	Passau, Germany
Patavium	Padua (Padova), Italy
Patrae¹, Ares Patrensis	Patras, Greece
Pax Iulia, Pax Augusta, Colonia Pacensis	Beja, Portugal
Pax Mariae	Mariefred, Sweden
Petina	Pićan
Phalerum	Phaleron, Faliron, Greece
Pharus	Hvar, Croatia
Philippi	Philippi, Greece
Piquentum	Buzet, Croatia
Piraeus	Piraeus, Greece
Pisae	Pisa, Italy
Pisaurum	Pesaro, Italy
Pitovia	Piteå, Sweden
Placentia	Piacenza, Italy
Poetovio	Ptuj, Slovenia
Pola	Pula, Croatia
Pompilii forum, Poppium	Forlimpopoli, Italy
Porolissum	Zalau, Romania
Portus Alacer	Portalegre, Portugal
Portus Cale¹	Porto, Portugal
Portus Hannibalis	Portimão, Portugal
Portus Naonis	Pordenone, Italy
Posnania, Poznania	Poznań, Poland
Posonium, Wratisslaburgium	Bratislava, Slovakia
Potaissa	Turda, Romania
Potidaea¹	Potidaea (Potidaia), Greece
Praetorium	Copaceni, Vâlcea, Romania
Praga	Prague (Praha), Czech Republic
Prusa, Brusa	Bursa, Turkey
Pyrrhanum	Piran, Slovenia
Ragusa	Dubrovnik, Croatia
Ramboletium	Rambouillet, France
Ratisbona	Regensburg
Ravenna	Ravenna, Italy
Regiomontium	Kaliningrad, Königsberg
Resovia	Rzeszów, Poland
Rhegium	Reggio di Calabria
Rigomagus	Remagen, Germany
Risinium	Risan, Serbia and Montenegro
Rocium	Roč
Roma	Rome, Italy
Roma Nova	Istanbul, Turkey
Romula-Malva	Resca Dobrosloveni, Romania
Rotomagus	Rouen, France
Rugensis civitas	Riga, Latvia
Sablones	Venlo, Netherlands
Saena, Sena	Siena, Italy
Salacia	Alcácer do Sal, Portugal
Salamis¹	Salamis, Cyprus
Salamis¹	Salamis, Greece
Salisburgium, Iuvavia	Salzburg, Austria
Salmantica	Salamanca
Salona	Solin, Croatia
Samarobriva	Amiens, France
Sandomir	Sandomierz, Poland
Saresberia, Serviodunum	Salisbury, England
Savaria	Szombathely, Hungary
Scalabis	Santarém, Portugal
Scarbantia	Sopron, Hungary
Scardona	Skradin, Croatia
Schedina	Skövde, Sweden
Scodra	Shkodër, Albania
Scopium, Scupium	Skopje, Macedonia
Selleum	Tomar, Portugal
Senia	Senj, Croatia
Serdica	Sofia, Bulgaria
Sexaginta Prista	Ruse, Bulgaria
Silva Ducis	's-Hertogenbosch (Den Bosch), Netherlands
Singidunum	Belgrade (Beograd), Serbia and Montenegro
Sinus	Sines, Portugal
Sipontum	Manfredonia
Siradia	Sieradz, Poland
Sirmium	Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia and Montenegro
Siscia	Sisak, Croatia
Solodurum/Salodurum	Solothurn, Switzerland
Sopianae	Pécs, Hungary
Spalatum	Split, Croatia
Sparta¹	Sparta, Greece
Spira	Speyer, Germany
Spoletium	Spoleto, Umbria, Italy
Stabiae	Castellammare di Stabia
Stenbrovium	Stenbro, Sweden
Stocholmia, Holmia	Stockholm, Sweden
Stutgardia, Stuogardia	Stuttgart, Germany
Sucidava	Celei, Romania
Sudercopia	Söderköping, Sweden
Suitia	Schwyz, Switzerland
Syracusae¹	Syracuse (Siracusa)
Talabara	Alpedrinha, Fundão, Portugal
Talabriga	Águeda, Portugal
Tarsatica	Trsat, Croatia
Tauromenium	Taormina, Sicily
Taurunum	Zemun, Serbia and Montenegro
Tapae	Poarta de Fier a Transilvaniei, Romania
Tarraco	Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
Tegea	Tegea, Greece, near Tripoli
Telga	Tälje, Sweden
Tergestum	Trieste (Trst), Italy
Terranda	Tirana, Albania
Terracina	Terracina, Italy
Thebae (Boeotia/Athenae)	Theva (Thebes), Greece
Thermae Himeraerae	Termini Imerese, Sicily
Thermopylae¹	Thermopylae, Greece
Thessalonica, Salonica¹	Thessaloniki, Saloniki (Salonika), Makedonia, Greece
Ticinum	Pavia, Italy
Tifernum Tiberinum	Citta di Castello
Temesiensis	Timisoara, Timis, Romania
Toletum	Toledo, Spain
Tolosa	Toulouse, France
Tomis	Constanta, Romania
Tornacum	Tournai, Doornik
Tragurion	Trogir, Croatia
Traiectum	Utrecht, Netherlands
Traiectum ad Mosam	Maastricht
Trapezus	Trabzon, Trebizond
Tremonia	Dortmund, Germany
Tridentum	Trento, Italy
Tripolis	Tripoli, Greece
Tripolis	Tripoli, Lebanon
Tritium	Covilhã, Portugal
Troesmis	Iglita, Romania
Troezen, Troezena¹	Troezen, Greece
Tubinga	Tübingen, Germany
Tuder	Todi, Umbria, Italy
Tugium	Zug, Switzerland
Tulpiacum, Tolbiacum	Zülpich (Tolbiac)
Turicum	Zürich, Switzerland
Turoni, Metropolis civitas Turonum, Turonorum, Augusta Turonum, T(h)oronus, Turonica civitas, Caesarodunum	Tours, France
Tusculum	near Frascati, SE of Rome, Italy
Ulpiana	Ljipljan, Serbia and Montenegro
Ulmetum	Pantelimonul de Sus, Constanta (county), Romania
Upsala	Uppsala, Sweden
Uraniburgum	Uranienborg, Sweden
Uranopolis¹	Uranopoli, Greece some prefer Uranopolis
Urba	Orbe, Vaud, Switzerland
Urbinum Hortense, Urvinum Hortense	near Collemancio, Umbria, Italy (?)
Urbinum Mataurense, Urvinum Mataurense	Urbino, Marche, Italy
Urbs Mariae	Mariestad, Sweden
Urbs Notabilis	Mdina, Malta
Utinum	Udine, Italy
Vadstenium	Vadstena, Sweden
Valebona	Tropoje, Albania
Valcum	Fenékpuszta, Hungary
Valentia	Valencia, Italy
Varadinum	Oradea, Romania
Varsovia, Varsavia	Warsaw (Warszawa), Poland
Vegium	Karlobag, Croatia
Veldidena	Wilten, Austria
Velitrae	Velletri
Vemmaria, Wemmaria	Vimmerby, Sweden
Veniatia	Vinhais, Portugal
Venlonum	Venlo, Netherlands
Venta Belgarum	Winchester, United Kingdom
Venusia	Venosa
Verulamium	St Albans, United Kingdom
Vesontio	Besançon, France
Vetera, Colonia Ulpia Traiana	Xanten, Germany
Veterosolium, Vetusolium	Zvolen, Slovakia
Vexionia	Växjö, Sweden
Vibiscum	Vevey, Vaud, Switzerland
Viburga	Vyborg, Russia
Vienna Allobrogium	Vienne, Isére, France
Vienna (Nederlandia), Vigenna	Vianen, Netherlands
Viennavicus	Vienne-en-Val, Loiret, France
Vierium	Vihiers, Maine-et-Loire, France
Vigiliae	Besceglie, Italy
Viglebanum, Vigebanum	Vigevano, Italy
Vigueria, Viguerium	Voghera, Italy
Villa Euracini	Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal
Villa Cardilio	Torres Novas, Portugal
Vindobona, Vienna (Austriae)	Vienna (Wien), Austria
Vindonissa	Windisch, Aargau, Switzerland
Vipasca	Aljustrel, Portugal
Viseu	Viseu, Portugal
Visingsburgum, Wisingsburgum	Visingsborg, Sweden
Vitudurum	Winterthur, Canton of Zürich, Switzerland
Virunum	Maria Saal (Gospa Sveta), Austria
Volaterrae	Volterra, Italy
Volsinium	Bolsena, Italy
Vratislavia, Wratislavia	Wrocław, Poland
Wormatia	Worms, Germany
Ystadium, Istadium, Ustadium	Ystad, Sweden
Zycanthus, Zacynthus¹	Zante (Zakynthos), Greece