Former Liang
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| This article is part of the Sixteen Kingdoms series. | |
|---|---|
| 16 Kingdoms | |
| Cheng Han | |
| Han Zhao | |
| Later Zhao | |
| Former Liang | |
| Later Liang | |
| Western Liang | |
| Northern Liang | |
| Southern Liang | |
| Former Qin | |
| Later Qin | |
| Western Qin | |
| Former Yan | |
| Later Yan | |
| Northern Yan | |
| Southern Yan | |
| Xia | |
| Not included in 16 Kingdoms | |
| Wei | |
| Shu | |
| Western Yan | |
| Duan | |
| Yuwen | |
| Chouchi | |
| Dingling |
The Former Liang (Chinese character: 前凉, Hanyu pinyin Qián Liáng) (320-376) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420) in China. It was founded by the Zhang family of the Han Chinese. Its territories included present-day Gansu and parts of Ningxia, Shaanxi, Qinghai and Xinjiang.
All rulers of the Former Liang remained titularly under the court of the Jin Dynasty (265-420) except Zhang Zuo who proclaimed himself "wang".
Rulers of the Former Liang
| Temple names | Posthumous names | Family names and given name | Durations of reigns | Era names and their according durations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese convention: use family and given names | ||||
| Did not exist | Cheng (成 Chéng) | Zhang Mao (張茂 Zhāng Mào) | 320-324 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 320-324 |
| Did not exist | Zhongcheng (忠成 Zhōngchéng) | Zhang Jun (張駿 Zhāng Jùn) | 324-346 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 324-346 |
| Did not exist | Huan (桓 Huán) | Zhang Chonghua (張重華 Zhāng Chónghuá) | 346-353 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 346-353 |
| Did not exist | Ai (哀 āi) | Zhang Yaoling (張曜靈 Zhāng Yàolíng) | 3 months (the ninth to the twelfth month) in 353 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 353 |
| Did not exist | King Wei (威王 Wēi Wáng) | Zhang Zuo (張祚 Zhāng Zuò) | 353-355 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 353-354Heping (和平 Hépíng) 354-355 |
| Did not exist | Jingdao (敬悼 Jìngdào) or Chong (沖 Chōng) | Zhang Xuanjing (張玄靖 Zhāng Xuánjìng) | 355-363 | Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 355-361Shengping (升平 Shēngpíng) 361-363 |
| Did not exist | Dao (悼 Dào) | Zhang Tianxi (張天錫 Zhāng Tiānxí) | 364-376 | Shengping (升平 Shēngpíng) 364-376 |