EMI
|
|
- For other uses, see EMI (disambiguation).
The EMI Group is a major record label, based in Hammersmith, London, in the United Kingdom and with operations in over 25 other countries. EMI Group is one of the Big Four record labels.
| Contents |
History
The Electrical and Music Industries Ltd formed in March 1931 from a merger of the UK Columbia Graphophone Company and the Gramophone Company/HMV. In 1955, to replace the loss of its long-established licensing arrangements with RCA Victor and Columbia Records, EMI entered the American market by acquiring 96% of the stock of Capitol Records.
The company established subsidiary operations in a number of other countries in the British Commonwealth, including India, Australia and New Zealand. EMI's Australian and New Zealand subsidiaries dominated the popular music industry in those countries from the 1920s until the 1960s, when other locally-owned labels (such as Festival Records) began to challenge EMI's market near monopoly in those regions.
Under the management of Sir Joseph Lockwood, during the late 1950s, 1960s and early 1970s the company enjoyed huge success in the popular music field. The groups and solo artists signed to EMI and its subsidary labels -- including Parlophone, HMV and Columbia Records (Australia) and Capitol Records -- made EMI the best-known and most successful recording company in the world at that time, with a roster that included scores major pop acts of the period including The Beatles, The Beach Boys, The Byrds, The Hollies, Cilla Black and Pink Floyd.
In the early 1970s EMI established a new subsidiary label, Harvest Records, which signed groups in the emerging progressive rock genre, including Pink Floyd.
Electric & Musical Industries changed its name to EMI Ltd in 1971 and the subsidiary Gramophone Company became EMI Records Ltd in 1973. In February 1979, EMI Ltd. acquired United Artists Records.
In October 1979 THORN Electrical Industries Ltd. merged with EMI Ltd. to form Thorn EMI.
In 1989 Thorn EMI bought a 50% interest in Chrysalis Records, buying the outstanding 50% in 1991. In one of its highest-profile and most expensive acquisitions, Thorn EMI took over Richard Branson's Virgin Records in 1992.
On August 16, 1996, Thorn EMI shareholders voted in favour of demerger proposals. The resulting media company has since been known by the name EMI Group PLC.
Under the control of Sir Louis Sterling, EMI opened the legendary Abbey Road Studios in London, England in November 1931.
Labels under the EMI banner
- Apple Records (distribution)
- Astralwerks (owned by Virgin)
- BEC Recordings
- Capitol Records
- The China Record Co. (China)
- Chrysalis Records
- Columbia Nipponophone (Japan)
- Electrola (Germany)
- EMI Christian Music Group
- EMI Films Ltd.
- EMI Gospel
- Food Records (distributed by Parlophone)
- Forefront Records
- GramCo (India)
- Harvest Records
- His Master's Voice
- Hut Records (owned by Virgin)
- Jive Records (owned by Virgin)
- Mosaic Records (50% owned through Capitol)
- The Odeon
- Parlophone
- Path Orient (China)
- Pathé Records
- Pomaton EMI
- RAK Records
- Regal Zonophone Records
- S-Curve Records (licensing and distribution)
- SBK Songs
- Siren Records (owned by Virgin)
- Sparrow Records
- Sixsteps Records
- 10 Records (owned by Virgin)
- Toshiba-EMI (Japan)
- Virgin Records
- Worship Together
Musicians signed, or previously signed, to EMI
The musicians may have been signed under one of EMI's subsidiary labels. The subsidiary is noted next to the artist if this is the case.
Pre-1960
- Nat King Cole
- Tennessee Ernie Ford
- Wanda Jackson
- The Kingston Trio
- Dean Martin
- Frank Sinatra
- Gene Vincent
1960s
- The Animals
- The Beach Boys (Capitol)
- The Beatles (Parlophone)
- Cilla Black
- Joe Cocker
- The Dave Clark Five
- Gerry and the Pacemakers (Columbia)
- Herman's Hermits
- The Hollies
- Billy J. Kramer
- Manfred Mann
- The Move
- Peter and Gordon
- Cliff Richard
- Roger Whittaker
- The Yardbirds (Columbia)
1970s–Present
- The Beta Band (Regal)
- Blur (Food/Parlophone)
- David Bowie (Virgin)
- Erasure (Mute Records)
- Kate Bush
- Kim Carnes
- The Chemical Brothers (Virgin)
- Chumbawamba
- Coldplay (Parlophone)
- Duran Duran
- Sheena Easton
- Adrian Gurvitz (RAK)
- Heart (Capitol)
- Hot Chocolate (RAK)
- J. Geils Band
- The Knack
- Paul McCartney
- George Michael
- Kylie Minogue (Parlophone)
- The Music (Hut)
- Pet Shop Boys (Parlophone)
- Pink Floyd
- Suzi Quatro (RAK)
- Queen
- Radiohead (Parlophone)
- Kenny Rogers (Liberty)
- The Rolling Stones (Virgin)
- Bob Seger (Capitol)
- Supergrass (Parlophone)
- Leif Ove Andsnes
- Junior Senior
- Robbie Williams
Metal bands on EMI during the 1980s included:
- Great White
- Iron Maiden
- W.A.S.P. (Capitol)
The Sex Pistols were briefly signed to the label from October 8, 1976 to January 22, 1977 in a relationship that was fraught with controversy, and that had lasting repercussions for the history of the music industry. In a gesture of retaliation, the Sex Pistols added to their first album (released on Virgin Records), Never Mind the Bollocks, a song entitled "EMI" insulting the company. Virgin was acquired by EMI in 1992.
See also
External links
- EMI Records (http://www.emirecords.co.uk/)
- EMI Group (Parent company) (http://www.emigroup.com/)
- History of EMI (http://www.emiclassics.com/centenary/history.html)
- EMI's contact details are on Yellowikis (http://www.yellowikis.org/wiki/index.php/Emi)de:EMI_Group