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- American Civil War (47733 bytes)
8: |Conflict||'''American Civil War'''
16: !colspan="2"|'''[[Battles of the American Civil War]]'''
50: ...nd battles (see the article [[Naming the American Civil War]]).
55: ...lit; these five are known as the [[Border States (Civil War)|Border States]]. [[Delaware]], which had vot...
56: ...left|Map of the division of the states during the Civil War. Blue represents Union states, including tho... - Civil rights (27169 bytes)
1: ...jpg|thumb|250px|right|President Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964.]]
2: ...When those grants were later found inadequate, '''civil rights movements''' emerged as the vehicle for cl...
4: ...gnatories), which encompass both human rights and civil liberties.
8: ...berty (see below: Hohfeld). The root of the word 'civil' reflects the association between a bundle of rig...
10: ...] with the upper layers of society and means that civil rights attach to people by virute of their [[citi... - Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War (11837 bytes)
1: ...Civil War]]. ''See also [[Origins of the American Civil War]].''
114: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
115: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images]
Page text matches
- Costa Rica (12931 bytes)
1: ... and [[Panama]] to the south-southeast. Since the civil war of 1948 that brought [[List of Presidents of ...
118: ...ion. Most of them were originally refugees from [[civil war]] during the late 1970s and 1980s, but after ... - History of China (45919 bytes)
2: ...2nd century BC|200 BC]]) strengthened the Chinese civilization. Politically, China alternated between per...
7: ...pecialist craftsmen and administrators: in short, civilization as we know it. In late [[Neolithic]] times...
11: ...d [[Erlitou]] show evidence of a [[Bronze Age]] [[Civilization]] in [[China]].
42: ...mperial China. Under the Han Dynasty, the Chinese civilization made great advances in historiography, art...
180: ....e. stereotyped essay] as the format for imperial civil service exams. - John C. Fremont (3726 bytes)
9: ...t served as a [[major general]] in the [[American Civil War]] and declared [[martial law]] in [[Missouri]... - Ibn Battuta (16481 bytes)
54: ... the Il-Khanate, he saw that state dissolved into civil war, Abu Sa'id having died since his previous tri... - Industrial Revolution (30001 bytes)
10: ...dalism]] in [[Great Britain]] after the [[English Civil War]] in the [[17th century]]. The [[Inclosure]] ...
32: ...ng; some nations, like Sweden and France, trained civil servants or technicians to undertake it as a matt... - Puritan (15882 bytes)
10: ...come corrupted by practice, by contact with pagan civilizations (particularly [[Ancient Rome|Rome]]), by ...
24: ...e a major factor in the outbreak of the [[English Civil War]]. Puritans certainly agitated against the k...
26: ...n of royal charters), the political issues of the Civil War (purchasing of peerages, increasing disconnec... - Timeline of the united states history 1990 to present (16426 bytes)
62: ...in Saudi Arabia in its intervention in the Yemeni Civil War. - China (38909 bytes)
3: ...escribed as a single [[civilization]] or multiple civilizations, as a single [[state]] or multiple states...
5: ...e [[Second Sino-Japanese War]], and the [[Chinese Civil War]].
7: ...rty of China|Communist]] victory in the [[Chinese Civil War]] in [[1949]] established the [[People's Repu...
25: ...of the Yellow River valley, the cradle of Chinese civilization, to these peoples. For example, the Xianbe...
43: China was one of the earliest centers of human [[civilization]]. The Chinese language was also one of th... - November 4 (10686 bytes)
12: * [[1864]] - [[American Civil War]]: [[Battle of Johnsonville]] - [[Confederate... - Burundi (13403 bytes)
58: ...ing, Hutu extremists massacred thousands of Tutsi civilians. The Tutsi-dominated army responded by massac...
64: ...rundi has been dominated in recent years by the [[civil war]] and a long [[peace process]] and move to [[...
96: ...ries and its prominence has been limited by the [[civil war]]. The [[Master Drummers of Burundi]] are the... - List of people by name: Ab (7347 bytes)
78: ...lph Abernathy|Abernathy, Ralph]], (1936-1996), US civil rights leader - List of people by name: Ad (7741 bytes)
41: ...Charles Francis, Jr.]] (1835-1915), son of above, Civil War General and president of the [[Union Pacific ... - List of people by name: Ag (3474 bytes)
39: ...rippa|Agrippa, Camillo]], 16th century architect, civil engineer - Empress Wu (14478 bytes)
16: ...born in Wenshui, as her father was a high ranking civil servant serving in various posts and locations al... - Melisende of Jerusalem (16880 bytes)
9: ...ueen Regnant, reigning by right of hereditary and civil law.
25: ...ueen Regnant, reigning by right of hereditary and civil law.
47: ...gh with misgivings. This decision would prevent a civil war but also divide the kingdom's resources. Thou...
49: ...ment demonstrated that though Melisende lost the "civil war" to her son, she still maintained great influ...
53: ...3]] son and mother had been reconciled. Since the civil war, Baldwin had shown his mother great respect. ... - Catherine de' Medici (7484 bytes)
17: ...ld not long control the opposing parties, and one civil war followed another toward the end of her life. ... - Mary I of Scotland (27810 bytes)
55: ...r [[Henry Sidney]] to call it off, because of the civil war in France. In [[1563]], Elizabeth made anothe... - Elizabeth of Russia (14144 bytes)
23: ...ren in their beds, and summoned all the notables, civil and ecclesiastical, to her presence. So swiftly a... - Elizabeth I of England (34338 bytes)
49: ...ded that she marry or nominate an heir to prevent civil war upon her death. She refused to do either, and...
101: ...so able to prevent the outbreak of a religious or civil war on English soil. Her achievements, however, w... - Marie Antoinette (40871 bytes)
131: ...th the [[French Revolution]], that she believed a civil war was inevitable.
135: ... revolutionaries ended with the creation of the [[Civil Constitution of the Clergy]] in [[1790]]. This wa... - Indira Gandhi (15405 bytes)
80: ...dinary powers and launched a massive crackdown on civil liberties and political opposition. This move was... - Constance Georgine, Countess Markiewicz (3360 bytes)
14: ...ively for the [[republican]] cause in the [[Irish Civil War]], and joined [[Fianna Fᩬ]] on its foundati... - Janet Reno (5747 bytes)
54: * Enforce civil rights laws to ensure equal opportunity for all A...
67: * [[Abortion]] issues - Reno led civil and criminal lawsuits against anti-abortion prote... - Mary Robinson (21825 bytes)
31: ...ment that all women upon marriage resign from the civil service and to the right to the legal availabilit...
45: ...e on juries, and the marriage bar on women in the civil service was many years gone. To the surprise of m...
55: ...sted. The party ultimately nominated the former [[civil rights]] campaigner [[Austin Currie]], a respecte...
73: ...e suffering in that state in the aftermath of its civil war. After her visit, she spoke at a press confer... - Eleanor Roosevelt (11183 bytes)
3: ...inist]] and an active supporter of the [[American Civil Rights Movement]].
22: ..., Eleanor was very vocal about her support of the civil rights movement and African-American rights. Beca... - Margaret Thatcher (46377 bytes)
66: ...as incensed by one contemporary view within the [[Civil Service]] that its job was to manage Britain's de...
69: ...es of the [[Ireland|Irish]] border and widespread civil unrest, political status was restored to all para...
154: ... available data is considered low, due to lack of civil research and development spending, lowered educat... - Susan B. Anthony (3977 bytes)
3: ...]], [[1906]]) was an [[United States|American]] [[civil rights]] leader who, along with [[Elizabeth Cady ...
7: ...e decade preceding the outbreak of the [[American Civil War]], she took a prominent part in the anti-[[sl... - Emma Goldman (12210 bytes)
3: ... other works, before taking part in the [[Spanish Civil War]] in [[1936]] as the English language represe...
32: ...estruction and death resulting from the [[Russian Civil War]]. Goldman was friends with Communists and N...
37: ==Spanish Civil War==
38: ... [[Franco]]'s [[fascism]], known as the [[Spanish Civil War]]. During this time she wrote the obituary of... - Madalyn Murray O'Hair (6271 bytes)
9: ...sts]], "a nationwide movement which defends the [[civil rights]] of nonbelievers, works for the separatio... - Rosa Parks (8331 bytes)
2: ...erican Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968)|American Civil Rights Movement]], most famous for her refusal in...
3: ==Civil rights and political activity==
6: ... [[1950s]], Parks became active in the [[American Civil Rights Movement]] and worked as a secretary for t...
10: ... her fellow Americans aware of the history of the civil rights struggle.
14: Afterwards, Parks became an icon of the civil rights movement. She moved to Detroit in the earl... - Margaret Sanger (12025 bytes)
24: ...rship of her reproductive literacy message by the civil and religious authorities, justified on moral gro...
58: ...n.edu/webbin/gutbook/lookup?num=1689 The Pivot of Civilization]'' - Sojourner Truth (2794 bytes)
13: ...he continued her advocacy. During the [[American Civil War]], she organized collection of supplies for t... - Artemisia Gentileschi (23093 bytes)
52: ...his period). We know that in [[1642]], when the [[civil war]] was just starting, Artemisia had already le... - Zora Neale Hurston (4470 bytes)
22: ...ider [[American Civil Rights Movement (1896-1954)|civil rights movement]] struggle was demonstrated by Hu... - Christine de Pizan (6645 bytes)
19: ...he was devoted to her adopted country. During the civil wars she wrote a ''Lamentation'' (1410) and a ''L... - Gertrude Stein (13569 bytes)
23: ... Deal]] and supported [[Franco]] in the [[Spanish Civil War]]. She would later start a project of transla... - Marina Tsvetaeva (21885 bytes)
22: ...he Tsar's Maiden'' (1920), and her epic about the Civil War, ''The Swans Encampment'', which glorified th... - Virginia Woolf (9482 bytes)
9: ...'. In [[1912]] she married [[Leonard Woolf]], a [[civil servant]] and [[political theorist]]. Her first n... - Clara Barton (9023 bytes)
19: == American Civil War ==
21: When the [[American Civil War]] began, Barton resigned her position in the ...
23: ...ick Douglass]] and became an activist for black [[civil rights]].
27: ...for missing soldiers and years of toil during the Civil War physically debilitated Miss Barton. In 1869, ...
31: ...U.S. would ever again face an experience like the Civil War, but she finally succeeded during the adminis... - Dorothea Dix (5868 bytes)
2: ... the early [[1840s]] to well after the [[American Civil War]], drew on the most advanced [[19th century]]...
20: During the Civil War she moved to [[Washington, DC]] and attempted... - Florence Nightingale (15657 bytes)
65: After the outbreak of the [[American Civil War]] in [[1861]], Nightingale's work served as ...
75: ...of the United Kingdom|Members of Parliament]] and civil servants who would have been unlikely to read or ... - Mary Edwards Walker (4835 bytes)
10: ...mmission as a "Contract Acting Assistant Surgeon (civilian)" by the Army of the Cumberland in September, ...
12: ...ce, she frequently crossed battle lines, treating civilians. On [[April 10]], [[1864]], she was captured... - Josephine Baker (5957 bytes)
17: ...ugh based in France, she supported the [[American Civil Rights Movement]] during the 1950s, and protested...
29: ...onified the savage on the stage, I tried to be as civilized as possible in daily life.” —Jose... - Mother Teresa (22682 bytes)
6: ...Peace Prize]] in [[1979]] and [[India]]'s highest civilian award, the [[Bharat Ratna]] in [[1980]]. She w...
68: ... Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]]'s suspension of civil liberties in [[1975]], Mother Teresa said: "Peopl... - Harriet Tubman (5215 bytes)
9: ...pped in slavery up to the free states, during the Civil War.
19: == Post American Civil War life ==
21: ...t same year she married [[Nelson Davis]], another Civil War veteran. - Marilyn Monroe (30186 bytes)
42: ...[[Arthur Miller]], whom she met in [[1951]], in a civil ceremony on [[June 29]], [[1956]], then in a Jewi... - Science (19868 bytes)
207: ** [[Civil engineering]] - War (7002 bytes)
1: ..., physical force between [[combatant]]s or upon [[civilian]]s. Other terms for war, which often serve as ...
16: ...[Thomas Mann]] wrote, "Is not peace an element of civil corruption and war a purification, a liberation, ...
22: ...tal war]] is the modern term for the targeting of civilians and the mobilization of an entire society.
45: ... empire or other political entity is known as a [[civil war]]. [[Asymmetrical warfare]] is a conflict be...
54: *[[Civil war]] - Ashoka (15187 bytes)
45: ...Ashoka's allies plus some useful knowledge on the civil administration. The [[Pillars of Ashoka|Ashoka Pi... - History of ancient Egypt (28563 bytes)
29: ...e views of scholars about the origins of Egyptian civilization. In the late 20th century archaeologists d...
31: ...ants of these people may well have begun Egyptian civilization in the Nile Valley. A recent [[gene|geneti...
84: ... back. Also, trade was established with [[Minoan civilization|Minoan]] [[Crete]].
125: ...he disastrous defeat of this army brought about a civil war which resulted in Apries being replaced by [[...
131: ...tionship between Minoan civilization and Egyptian civilization is debated. The [[Battle of Kadesh]] is am... - Old Kingdom (5401 bytes)
2: ...d "Kingdom" periods which mark the high points of civilisation in the Nile Valley (the others being the [...
10: ...story/herlin/textsup.htm#_ftn18 ''ANCIENT AFRICAN CIVILIZATIONS TO ca. 1500: Pharaonic Egypt to Ca. 800 B...
22: ...nd also caused famines. But regional autonomy and civil wars were not the only causes of this decline. Th...
24: ... themselves confronted with the worst excesses of civil war, which devoured the Old Kingdom after the ver... - President of the United States (42878 bytes)
54: ...was the first president born after the [[American Civil War]]. Lee surrendered [[9 April]] [[1865]]. - Thomas Jefferson (31127 bytes)
25: ...any other contributions to American political and civil culture. The [[Continental Congress]] delegated t...
147: ...iews on persons of other faiths undermine all our civil rights. Moreover, state support of the church ten...
155: ...all in no wise diminish, enlarge, or affect their civil capacities."
157: ...mple of a priest-ridden people maintaining a free civil government" (Letter to [[Alexander von Humboldt]]... - Andrew Jackson (23546 bytes)
18: ... the [[War of 1812]] and the [[American Civil War|Civil War]]. - John Tyler (18019 bytes)
65: ...of the laws of Rhode-Island, by such force as the civil peace shall be unable to overcome, it will be the...
150: ...ton peace convention sought a compromise to avoid civil war, while the [[Confederate States Constitution|... - Millard Fillmore (12296 bytes)
62: ...can, Party]]. Throughout the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] he opposed [[Abraham Lincoln|President Linc... - Franklin Pierce (19017 bytes)
20: ...ica|Confederacy]] during the [[American Civil War|Civil War]]. He died in 1869 from [[cirrhosis]].
70: ... woman while driving a carriage drunk. During the Civil War, Pierce further damaged his reputation by dec... - James Buchanan (15634 bytes)
50: ...om [[sliding]] into [[schism]] and the [[American Civil War]] and as a result, he is widely considered to...
82: ...gned, he appointed northerners, and chartered the civilian steamer ''[[Star of the West]]'' to secretly c...
84: As such, the first shots of the American Civil War were fired during the Buchanan Administration...
143: * [[Origins of the American Civil War]] - Abraham Lincoln (48771 bytes)
44: ...undaries. These events soon led to the [[American Civil War]].
50: ...s [[assassination]], shortly after the end of the Civil War, made him a [[martyr]] to millions of America...
121: ==Important non-Civil War measures of Lincoln's first term==
130: ==Civil War and reconstruction==
147: ... successful in giving the war meaning to Northern civilians through his oratorical skills. Despite his me... - Andrew Johnson (12662 bytes)
42: ...s towards the defeated rebels and his vetoes of [[civil rights]] bills embroiled him in a bitter dispute ...
105: ... the military and ensuring the local passage of [[civil rights]] laws and otherwise imposing the will of ...
107: ...nton. The Act said, "...every person holding any civil office, to which he has been appointed by and wit... - Ulysses S. Grant (23281 bytes)
22: ...nion army | Union]] [[general]] in the [[American Civil War]] and the 18th ([[1869]]–[[1877]]) [[Pr...
39: ...1854]], he resigned from the army. Seven years of civilian life followed, in which he was a farmer, a rea...
43: ... Army]] its first major victory of the [[American Civil War]] by capturing [[Battle of Fort Henry|Fort He...
54: ...e warring sides. Within a few weeks, the American Civil War was effectively over, although minor actions ...
72: ...ed in [[1873]], it became the role model for the "Civil Service Commission" instituted in [[1883]] by Pre... - Chester A. Arthur (12210 bytes)
20: ...le achievements in office as President included [[civil service]] reform and the passage of the [[Pendlet...
31: During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], Arthur served as acting [[quartermaster]] ...
40: ...t of New York became, as President, a champion of civil service reform. Public pressure, heightened by th...
42: ...the Pendleton Act, which established a bipartisan Civil Service Commission, forbade levying political ass...
103: * [[Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act]] (1883) - Grover Cleveland (20963 bytes)
29: ...can]] political domination between the [[American Civil War]] and the election of [[Woodrow Wilson]] in [...
46: ...d hundreds of private pension bills to [[American Civil War]] veterans whose claims were fraudulent. When... - Africa (35389 bytes)
37: ...f the earliest nation states ever formed. Other [[civilization]]s include [[Ethiopia]], the [[Nubian king...
59: ...fe, this divide initiated by the Belgiums created civil war and unrest between those identified as Hutu a...
77: ...ng among African organisations and states. In the civil war in the [[Democratic Republic of Congo]] (form...
105: ...s, the [[Berbers]], and [[Nubians]] who developed civilizations in North Africa during ancient times. The...
145: ...g Egypt, [[Ancient Rome|Rome]] and the [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscan city-states]] were worshipped. - United States (58223 bytes)
60: ...s Constitution|13th Amendment]] took effect. The Civil War effectively ended the question of a state's r...
66: In addition to the Civil War, another major traumatic experience for the n...
392: ...oup]]s. Some examples of these are the various [[Civil Rights Act]]s, the [[Americans with Disabilities ...
419: ...artin Luther King, Jr. Day]] || Honors the late [[civil rights]] leader. Few non-governmental organizatio...
446: ...r]] | [[Vietnam War]] | [[Civil Rights Movement | Civil Rights]]) | [[Foreign relations of the United Sta... - Canada (35540 bytes)
146: ...except in Quebec where [[civil law (legal system)|civil law]] predominates. Though enforcement is a prov... - Economy of Afghanistan (14517 bytes)
4: ... The [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] invasion and ensuing civil war destroyed much of the underdeveloped country'...
13: The war against the Soviet Union and the ensuing civil war also led to migration to the cities and refug...
32: ...y stemming from the Soviet occupation and ensuing civil war. Today, economic recovery and long-term devel... - United Arab Emirates (10825 bytes)
65: ...em; all emirates have secular and Islamic law for civil, criminal, and high courts. - Nigeria (19231 bytes)
69: ...mat Mohammed]] to power, who promised a return to civilian rule. However, he was killed in an abortive co...
197: ...ergoing substantial economic reform under the new civilian administration. Nigeria's former military rule...
259: *[[Nigerian civil war]] - Algeria (16548 bytes)
72: ...ple were killed, often in unprovoked massacres of civilians by guerrilla groups such as the [[Armed Islam... - Jordan (20715 bytes)
90: ...des for three categories of courts--[[civil court|civil]], religious, and special. Administratively, Jord...
134: ...y. In 1996, Jordan and the United States signed a civil aviation agreement that provides for "open skies"... - Netherlands (35958 bytes)
132: ...ry and is considered by the [[American Society of Civil Engineers]] as one of the [[Seven Wonders of the ... - Andorra (11532 bytes)
77: ...in Andorra to prevent influences of the [[Spanish Civil War]] and Franco's Spain.
135: * [[Civil unions in Andorra]] - Turkey (41694 bytes)
50: ...omeland of and battleground between several great civilizations, and a centre of commerce. Turkey borders...
84: ...ts of first instance have jurisdiction over major civil suits and serious crimes. Any conviction in a cri... - Eritrea (12964 bytes)
62: ...nnexed by [[Ethiopia]], starting a 30-year long [[civil war]]. - Greece (54754 bytes)
1: ... by many as the cradle of [[Western world|Western civilization]] and the birthplace of [[democracy]], Gre...
52: Regarded as the cradle of [[western world|western civilization]] and being the birthplace of [[democracy]...
65: ...irst civilizations in Europe, namely the [[Minoan civilization|Minoan]] and the [[Mycenae]]n. After this...
76: ...e battle of [[Manzikert]] in 1071 and the ensuing civil wars largely passed the region by, and Greece con...
102: ... [[paratroop]]s. Allied forces, along with Cretan civilians, however, offered fierce resistance. Although... - People's Republic of China (40848 bytes)
13: After [[World War II]], the [[Chinese Civil War]] between the [[Communist Party of China]] an...
27: ...ss differences and rivalries, has no tradition of civil participation, and limited rule of law. Opponents...
219: ...taught in schools and was even part of imperial [[civil service examinations]]. However, the term Confuci...
223: ...ds these as important achievements of the Chinese civilization, and emphasizes them as being important in... - Historical capital of China (5927 bytes)
24: ...t of Chiang's ROC government during the [[Chinese civil war]] with the [[Communist Party of China]].
26: ...t of Chiang's ROC government during the [[Chinese civil war]] with the [[Communist Party of China]].
30: ...t of Chiang's ROC government during the [[Chinese civil war]] with the [[Communist Party of China]]. - Lebanon (34225 bytes)
80: === Civil War, (1975-1990) ===
81: {{seemain|Lebanese Civil War}}
83: ...ddle East]] before the outbreak of the [[Lebanese Civil War]].
85: ... presence of Palestinian refugees, and full-scale civil war broke out in April 1975, leaving the nation w...
101: ...ward a sense of normality and stability. Lebanese civil society enjoys significantly more freedoms than e... - Germany (46412 bytes)
126: ...re are a series of specialist supreme courts; for civil and criminal cases the highest court of appeal is... - Switzerland (22270 bytes)
57: In [[1847]], a civil war broke out between the Catholic and the Protes...
59: As a consequence of the civil war, Switzerland adopted a federal [[constitution... - Kyrgyzstan (23226 bytes)
97: ...the participation of a broad range of government, civil, and social representatives in an open dialogue, ... - Guinea-Bissau (9517 bytes)
65: ...o the president's ousting and the [[Guinea-Bissau Civil War]]. Elections were held in [[2000]] and [[Kumb...
99: ...ishing economy was badly disrupted by the 1998-99 civil war. It has a foreign [[debt]] of $US 921 million... - Republic of the Congo (9324 bytes)
47: ...elected government installed in [[1992]]. A brief civil war in [[1997]] restored former Marxist President...
92: ...form program came to a halt in June [[1997]] when civil war erupted. When Sassou-Nguesso returned to powe... - Hungary (18459 bytes)
61: ...pean culture with ties to greater West European [[civilisation]]. [[Matthias Corvinus of Hungary|Matthias...
65: ...848–1849 eliminated [[serfdom]] and secured civil rights. The Austrians were finally able to prevai... - East Timor (13677 bytes)
66: ...ve international program led by the UN, manned by civilian advisers, 5,000 peacekeepers (8,000 at peak) a...
68: ...nfrastructure and the strengthening of the infant civil administration. One promising long-term project i... - Djibouti (8746 bytes)
66: A civil war led by [[Afar]] rebels in the early [[1990s]]...
104: ... the last seven years because of [[recession]], [[civil war]], and a high [[population growth rate]] (inc...
111: ... different population groups was the cause of the civil war in the early [[1990s]]. - Republic of Ireland (25543 bytes)
73: The [[Irish Civil War]] was the direct consequence of the creation ... - Tajikistan (10867 bytes)
62: ...er ethnicities and groups during the [[Tajikistan Civil War]]. In [[1997]] a cease-fire was reached betwe...
67: ...after independence, Tajikistan was plunged into a civil war that saw various factions, allegedly backed b...
100: ...reintegrated former civil war combatants into the civilian economy, thus helping keep the peace. Internat...
112: ...kistan's fight against Soviet rule and during its civil war. Historically, a lot of Tajik culture ties it... - Sierra Leone (10596 bytes)
58: ... the early [[1980s]]—became involved in a [[civil war]] in [[1991]], with the [[Revolutionary Unite...
62: ...re the catalyst for a ceasefire and ending of the civil war.
91: ... hamper economic development, following a 10-year civil war. About two-thirds of the working-age populati... - Botswana (22276 bytes)
73: ...custom and law. Botswana's High Court has general civil and criminal jurisdiction. [[Judges]] are appoint... - Guatemala (8475 bytes)
60: ...Guatemala was the heart of the flourishing [[Maya civilization]].
95: ...rds in December [[1996]], which ended 36 years of civil war, removed a major obstacle to foreign investme... - Vietnam (18265 bytes)
19: ...ese communities have supported demonstrations and civil disobedience against the government. The most pro... - Zimbabwe (16088 bytes)
28: ...> - Declared<br/> - Recognised|| [[Rhodesian Civil War]]<br>''(as Rhodesia)'' [[November 11|Nov. 11]...
46: ...g state, attest the existence of a medieval Bantu civilization in the region. Linked to the establishment...
58: === Civil War ===
62: ...]] in an attempt to negotiate a settlement in the civil war. - Finland (29511 bytes)
61: ...l wars [[Russian Civil War|in Russia]], [[Finnish Civil War|in Finland]] and [[nationalist activism|activ...
63: ...at coloured domestic politics for many years. The Civil War was chiefly fought between "the whites", supp...
82: ... between [[court (judicial)|courts]] with regular civil and criminal jurisdiction and administrative cour... - Solomon Islands (9265 bytes)
63: ... an almost complete breakdown in normal activity: civil servants remained unpaid for months at a time, an... - Pakistan (74854 bytes)
54: ...[History of Pakistan]]''' (Including pre-history, civilizations of the region, and modern events to date)...
57: ...hwest of [[Sukkur]], was center of [[Indus Valley Civilization]], 2600 BCE – 1800 BCE]]
59: ...tory. Pakistan was the site of the [[Indus Valley civilization]] and was subsequently conquered by many g...
83: ...d violent political repression escalated into a [[civil war]] (see [[Bangladesh Liberation War]]) in [[Ea...
130: ...an was involved in a [[Bangladesh Liberation War| civil war]] which led the secession of East Pakistan, n... - Israel (51605 bytes)
147: ...Court is regarded by many as Israel's guardian of civil rights, but by others as the most activist Suprem...
152: ...ence, but in some parts has borrowed heavily from civil law tradition.
162: ...cked by religious parties (see below). Currently, civil marriages are only officially sanctioned if perfo... - Afghanistan (23568 bytes)
171: ...maining individual. Many of these fled during the civil war in 90's to the neighboring countries and to E...
198: ...decades of [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] occupation and civil war. Only half of the schools were reported to ha... - Uganda (11554 bytes)
85: ...g prices of [[petroleum]] products, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes are especially ... - Nepal (22444 bytes)
64: ... as [[People's war]]. This has since grown to a [[civil war]] and resulted in the deaths of 10,000 people...
68: ...endra deployed Nepal's military in the grinding [[civil war]], the [[Nepalese People's War]], with the Ma...
111: Suffering from "[[Nepal_Civil_War|People's War]]" between the Nepalese governme...
113: ...ies, privatizing state industries, and laying off civil servants. More recently, however, political insta...
305: *[[Nepal Civil War]] - Sudan (18856 bytes)
64: ...at sparked 17 years of [[First Sudanese Civil War|civil war]] from [[1955]] to [[1972]].
68: ...code, re-igniting the [[Second Sudanese Civil War|civil war]].
70: ...hab]] restored a civilian government. However the civil war intensified in lethality and the economy cont...
72: The [[Second Sudanese Civil War|ongoing civil war]] has displaced more than 4 million southerne...
92: ...d on the support for ending the [[Second Sudanese Civil War]] and condemnation of government support for ... - Rwanda (10946 bytes)
60: ...ngo]], and have become involved in that country's civil war. - Democratic Republic of the Congo (21095 bytes)
80: Following five years of extreme instability and civil unrest, Mobutu, now Lieutenant General, overthrew...
84: ...4]], the Congo has been rent by ethnic strife and civil war, touched off by a massive inflow of refugees ...
170: ...al Parks, and the [[Okapi Wildlife Reserve]]. The civil war and resultant poor economic conditions have e... - Malaysia (27892 bytes)
84: ...pled with Chinese Secret Society disturbances and civil war, British [[gunboat diplomacy]] was employed t...
190: [[May 13]], [[1969]] saw an incident of civil unrest which was then thought to be largely due t... - Bolivia (30115 bytes)
76: ...atient with schisms in the coalition, he replaced civilians with members of the armed forces and suspende...
107: ...ional elections on November of 2005; nevertheless civil unrest continues. - Gabon (7342 bytes)
77: ...tions had been manipulated, there was none of the civil disturbance that followed the 1993 election. The ... - Malawi (22306 bytes)
100: ...es, privatization of state-owned enterprises, and civil service reform. Malawi qualified for [[Highly Ind... - Portugal (61755 bytes)
5: ...ugal has witnessed a constant flow of different [[civilization]]s during the past 3100 years. [[Iberians|...
53: ...rvative who overthroned Queen Maria I, led to the civil war between 1832 and 1834 and the signing of the ...
61: ... many overseas wars and the lack of political and civil freedoms led to the end of the regime {{Inote | '...
68: ...s is the Council of State, composed of six senior civilian officers, all former presidents elected since ...
80: ...me in Portugal, but it can be seen as a cause for civil disorder. Handing out or producing drugs is consi... - United Kingdom (37269 bytes)
111: ...ventually abolished by London in 1972, after much civil strife. Referendums for devolved assemblies to Sc... - Angola (15614 bytes)
66: ...iet Union]]. Shortly after, a [[Angolan Civil War|civil war]] broke out between MPLA, UNITA and FNLA. In ...
81: The 26-year long civil war has ravaged the country's political and socia...
126: ... be imported. Despite the increase in the pace of civil warfare in late 1998, the economy grew by an esti... - Zambia (24496 bytes)
63: ...reement]], but Zambia's problems were not solved. Civil war in the former Portuguese colonies generated a...
79: ...to enable Chiluba to seek a third term of office. Civil society, opposition parties, and many members of ...
110: ...taxes. The labor movement and other components of civil society have objected to the sacrifices called fo... - Luxembourg (11321 bytes)
113: ...e application of the [[Napoleonic code|Napoleonic civil code]] in Luxembourg. - Spain (36498 bytes)
89: ...succession by the [[Carlists]] which led to three civil wars. After that, Spain was briefly a [[First Spa...
95: ...Republic ended with the outbreak of the [[Spanish Civil War]] in July [[1936]]. Following the victory of ...
227: ...lf-government, which was lost after the [[Spanish Civil War]] ([[1936]]–[[1939]]) and restored in [... - Flag of Delaware (1314 bytes)
6: ...]. Regiments from Delaware during the [[American Civil War]] flew a similar flag with the state coat of ... - Flag of Louisiana (1128 bytes)
10: ...blue stripes. This was used throughout the [[U.S. Civil War]], though the Pelican flag and Flag of Januar... - Flag of Maryland (3908 bytes)
11: ...nd design gained popularity during the [[American Civil War]], in which Maryland remained with the Union ... - Flag of Ohio (981 bytes)
4: ... based upon the design [[cavalry]] flags of the [[Civil War]] and [[Spanish-American War]], it is technic... - Flag of South Carolina (934 bytes)
2: ...ficial state flag after the end of the [[American Civil War]]. - Flag of Virginia (841 bytes)
3: ...]] was adopted at the beginning of the [[American Civil War]] in [[1861]]. - Conflict (3579 bytes)
20: *intra-state conflict (for example: [[civil war]]s, [[election]] campaigns) - Thoth (5655 bytes)
3: ... of the Moon organized much of Egyptian society's civil and religious rituals and events, so Thoth was al... - Ancient Rome (25155 bytes)
1: '''Ancient Rome''' was a [[civilization]] that existed in [[Europe]], [[North Afri...
25: ...er. Caesar emerged victorious from the resulting Civil War, and was made dictator for life after refusin...
33: ...o appoint co-emperors, although this often led to civil war. After [[395 AD]] the empire became permanent...
156: ...ections were carefully monitored by the Emperor's civil service, and pruned as necessary. Furthermore, wh...
162: ...ired to supply their own arms and would return to civilian life once their service was ended. - Ancient history (7857 bytes)
5: ==The most prominent civilisations of the Ancient Era:==
16: *[[Hellenic civilization]] (Greeks)
18: *[[Indus Valley civilization]], unified from 2600 BC - 1900 BC.
52: * [[49 BC]] - Civil War between Caesar and [[Pompey the Great]].
72: ==Civilizations== - U.S. state (14432 bytes)
108: ...e status. The states are guaranteed military and civil defense by the federal government, which is also ...
110: ...s attempted to secede during the [[U.S. Civil War|Civil War]], but the federal judicial system, in the ca... - Alabama (10792 bytes)
61: ...120,000 soldiers to the [[United States Civil War|Civil War]]. After the war a provisional government wa... - Arkansas (11679 bytes)
44: ...ion on [[May 6]], [[1861]] during the [[American Civil War]]. Under the Military Reconstruction Act, Con... - California (63989 bytes)
111: During the [[American Civil War]], California officially entered on the side ...
130: ... features from Spanish [[Civil law (legal system)|civil law]]. [[Capital punishment in California|Capital... - North Carolina (18268 bytes)
46: ...[[American Revolutionary War]] and the [[American Civil War]], North Carolina worked to establish its sta...
48: ...he North or the South in the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], North Carolina was the last state to seced...
72: ...rt. A jury of 12 hears the criminal cases. In the civil cases, juries are often waived.
74: ... for worthless-check cases among other things. In civil cases, the magistrate is authorized to try small ... - Connecticut (28543 bytes)
99: ...ned in Middletown, but briefly revived during the Civil War. The [[Savage Revolving Fire Arm Company]] ma... - Delaware (15006 bytes)
50: ...ted unsuccessfully to continue slavery beyond the Civil War. Delaware ratified the amendment on February ...
69: ...erican military persons (and some U.S. government civilians) who die overseas. - Georgia (U.S. state) (26579 bytes)
54: ...cy]] and became a major theater of the [[American Civil War]]. In December 1864, a large swath of the sta...
58: ...g [[Macon, Georgia|Macon]], especially during the Civil War.
90: ...t Virginia]] seceded from [[Virginia]] during the Civil War. - Iowa (24205 bytes)
50: ... had a higher percentage of soldiers serve in the Civil War, per capita, than any other state in the Unio... - Kansas (21369 bytes)
46: ...h state of the Union on [[January 29]], [[1861]]. Civil War veterans constructed homesteads in Kansas fol... - Kentucky (15076 bytes)
43: On [[May 20]], [[1861]] during the [[American Civil War]], Kentucky proclaimed its [[neutrality]] in ... - Louisiana (26375 bytes)
74: ...|civil law]] legal system, based on the Louisiana Civil Code, which is similar to (and often confused wit...
78: In the [[American Civil War]] Louisiana seceded from the Union on [[Janua...
84: ...note that the Louisiana Civil Code and the French Civil Code, often referred to as the Napoleonic Code, c...
86: ...nd in verbiage, it is important to note that the "Civilian" tradition is still deeply rooted in all aspec... - Maryland (22654 bytes)
55: ...aryland did not secede during the [[United States Civil War]], in part due to precautions taken by the go... - Missouri (16086 bytes)
44: ...ding to the west. During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], Missouri, a slave state, was split with po... - Wisconsin (18812 bytes)
147: ...as in Wisconsin. Towns are unincorporated [[minor civil division]]s of [[County#United_States|counties]]. - Virginia (23198 bytes)
38: ...er broke away from Virginia during the [[American Civil War]].
48: ...remaining loyal to the crown during the [[English Civil War]]. [[Patrick Henry]] served as the first Gove...
50: ...ica|Confederacy]] during the [[American Civil War|Civil War]]. When it did, some counties were separated ... - Vermont (39851 bytes)
88: The northernmost land action of the [[American Civil War]] took place in Vermont on [[October 19]], [[...
102: ...he second option by creating the institution of [[civil union]]; the bill, which was supported by over ha... - Utah (29154 bytes)
104: Due to the Civil War, federal troops were pulled out of Utah Terri...
128: ... provides no legal recognition for other forms of civil union. On [[November 2]], [[2004]], Amendment 3 w...
145: ...ent has plenary and supreme--although concurrent--civil and criminal jurisdiction over these federal land... - Texas (39610 bytes)
98: === Civil War Texas ===
153: ...resort: the Texas Supreme Court—which hears civil cases—and the Texas Court of Criminal Appea... - Tennessee (19096 bytes)
50: ... so on [[June 8]], [[1861]]. After the [[American Civil War]], Tennessee adopted a new [[constitution]] t...
52: ...not have a military governor after the [[American Civil War]], mostly due to the influence of President [...
139: ...hub, financial center, major [[American Civil War|Civil War]] battleground
150: ...enter of [[Tennessee]]; home of famous [[American Civil War]] [[Battle of Stones River]] (also known as t... - South Carolina (11968 bytes)
44: ...or, thus precipitating the [[American Civil War | Civil War]]. Students from [[The Citadel]] were among t...
54: ...iction court for South Carolina, comprised of the Civil Court, the Court of Common Pleas, and the Court o... - Pennsylvania (32594 bytes)
67: ... battle the major turning point of the [[American Civil War]]. Dead from this battle rest at [[Gettysburg...
86: ...ly preside over minor criminal offenses and small civil claims. The Philadelphia Municipal Court and the...
88: ...neral [[trial]] courts in which most criminal and civil cases originate are the Courts of Common Pleas. ...
90: ...lth Court also functions as a trial court in some civil suits, including cases that involve the state or ...
263: ... He commanded Union troops during the [[American Civil War]], most notably during the [[Battle of Gettys... - Oklahoma (32092 bytes)
117: === Five Civilized Tribes ===
122: The "[[Five Civilized Tribes]]" were not the only ones forced to Ok...
126: The five civilized tribes set up towns such as [[Tulsa, Oklahoma...
128: During the [[American Civil War]] many tribes were internally split between [...
131: After the Civil War, in [[1866]], the federal government forced t... - West Virginia (24258 bytes)
38: ...roke away from [[Virginia]] during the [[American Civil War]]. The state is noted for its [[coal]] minin...
46: ...state formed as a direct result of the [[American Civil War]]. It was originally the western part of the ...
48: However, the American Civil War allowed western Virginia to form its own stat... - Nebraska (13662 bytes)
47: ...e in [[1867]], shortly after the [[Civil War (US)|Civil War]]. At that time, the capital was moved from ...
213: ...ald R. Ford]]''', Vice President [[Dick Cheney]], civil rights activist '''[[Malcolm X]]''', and various ... - Nevada (17565 bytes)
39: ...was admitted into the union during the [[American Civil War]].
49: ...d it to the more industrialized [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]], it was viewed as politically reliab... - New Hampshire (23166 bytes)
51: ... hotbed of [[Abolitionist]] sentiment up to the [[Civil War]], participating in the [[Underground Railroa...
226: ...onday in April until 1991 when it was replaced by Civil Rights Day. [http://www.state.nh.us/nhinfo/fast.h...
227: * In 1999 New Hampshire changed the name of Civil Rights Day to [[Martin Luther King Day]]. [http:/... - New Jersey (35646 bytes)
41: ... friends who had been loyal through the [[English Civil War]]: [[George Carteret|Sir George Carteret]] an...
43: During the [[English Civil War]] the Island of [[Jersey]] remained loyal to ...
63: ...phased out slavery. However, by the close of the Civil War, several African-Americans in New Jersey were... - New Mexico (31079 bytes)
46: The [[Spain|Spanish]] encountered Pueblo civilization in the [[1500s]]. Word of the pueblos reac...
80: During the [[American Civil War]], Confederate troops from Texas first occupi... - Aviation (1454 bytes)
5: * [[Civil aviation]]
8: Civil aviation includes both [[scheduled air transport]... - List of people by name: Q (4474 bytes)
26: ...am]], [[United States]] [[United States Civil War|Civil War]] - List of people by name: Y (12717 bytes)
146: ...Andrew Young|Young, Andrew]], (b. 1932), American civil rights activist & diplomat - Andocides (1237 bytes)
3: ...ing informer, he was condemned to partial loss of civil rights and went into exile. He engaged in commer...
5: ... Reditu,'' his plea for his return and removal of civil disabilities; ''De Mysteriis,'' his defence again... - Ptolemy VIII of Egypt (5881 bytes)
15: The ensuing civil war pitted Cleopatra's Alexandria against the cou... - Ptolemy XIII of Egypt (3087 bytes)
1: ...ndria]] but she soon organized her own army and a civil war began in Egypt. Soon another sister of theirs... - Women's suffrage (11832 bytes)
35: During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] and immediately after little was heard of t... - History of the United States (21226 bytes)
45: ...[February 9]], [[1861]]. The [[American Civil War|Civil War]] began when Confederate General [[Pierre Bea...
84: ...th, became increasingly challenged by the growing Civil Rights movement and African American leaders like...
89: ... political forces, and continued progress towards Civil Rights. In the early 1970s, Johnson's successor,...
105: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
106: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - List of reference tables (55289 bytes)
445: === [[Architecture]] and [[civil engineering]] ===
448: *[[List of historic civil engineering landmarks]]
752: *[[List of civil wars]] - Flag (13245 bytes)
37: ...of the world by boarding, confiscation, and other civil penalties. - Albania (24647 bytes)
120: ... Greek and Serbian propaganda, Albania falls in a civil war in 1997. From that year The Socialist party t... - Sumerian language (10760 bytes)
30: ...umerian can be illustrated by a quote from Miguel Civil of the University of Chicago's [[Oriental Institu... - Ming Dynasty (65624 bytes)
6: ...was a mess. When hundreds of thousands of Chinese civilians were called upon to work on the Yellow River,...
14: ...osophy was revamped. Candidates for posts in the civil service or the officer corps of the 80,000-man ar...
63: ...een almost entirely lost to us as a result of the civil war and coup d?etat launched by his uncle Zhu Di....
79: ...nce of control, and a wide range of new organs of civil administration were established, By 1408, Jiao-zh...
219: ...edly revolted and Yongli government experienced a civil war. Although the revolt was put down, the South ... - Castle (27805 bytes)
79: ...And, although, when the country was again torn by civil strife, their military importance was of small ac... - Government (12596 bytes)
75: ...Democracy (varieties)]] - [[Democratization]] - [[Civil society]] - [[Checks and balances]] - [[History o... - List of inventors (14020 bytes)
200: ...1781-1848), [[England]] — steam locomotive, civil engineer, inventor - American Revolution (17069 bytes)
45: ...il Code of Quebec#Under the British Empire|French civil law]], and instituted toleration for [[Roman Cath...
101: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
102: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Geography of the United States (15104 bytes)
130: ...oped prior to and during the [[American Civil War|Civil War]]. The South consists mostly of low coastal ... - Caste (32815 bytes)
67: ...e the most despised people of the Imperial Indian Civilization.
90: ... the Varna system goes back to the [[Indus Valley Civilization]]
94: Indian civilization and it's customs are far more ancient...in...
162: ...es]] through the [[American Civil Rights Movement|Civil Rights movement]], colonial [[Latin America]] und... - India (27950 bytes)
3: ...e of the most [[Indus Valley Civilization|ancient civilisations]] (and a centre of important historic tra...
11: ...0 years ago and developed into the [[Indus Valley Civilization]], which peaked between [[26th century BC|...
23: ..."[[state of emergency]]" with the suspension of [[civil rights]]. India has unresolved border disputes wi... - Timeline of United States history (2967 bytes)
8: ...vil War origins]] (events leading to the American Civil War)
39: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
40: ...category/civil-war-pictures-and-illustrations.htm Civil War Images] - United States territorial acquisitions (5763 bytes)
34: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
35: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - American Civil War (47733 bytes)
8: |Conflict||'''American Civil War'''
16: !colspan="2"|'''[[Battles of the American Civil War]]'''
50: ...nd battles (see the article [[Naming the American Civil War]]).
55: ...lit; these five are known as the [[Border States (Civil War)|Border States]]. [[Delaware]], which had vot...
56: ...left|Map of the division of the states during the Civil War. Blue represents Union states, including tho... - World War I (62979 bytes)
2: ...ome of the century's first large-scale [[genocide|civilian massacres]] took place. Four dynasties, the [[...
19: ... slowed without risking invasion and defeat. The civilian leaders of the European powers also found them...
185: For data on military and civilian deaths by nationality, see [[World War I casua...
385: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
386: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Great Depression (16069 bytes)
82: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
83: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - World War II (58065 bytes)
8: ...[home front]]" and [[Strategic bombing|bombing of civilians]] to a new degree. [[Atomic weapon]]s, [[jet ...
172: ...ront]] is the name given to the activities of the civilians in a state of total war.
174: ... efforts of the soldiers themselves, and that the civilian populace constituted an additional front at ho...
176: ... war, there were surprisingly few restrictions on civilian activities. Most goods were freely available.
178: Civilian populations were heavily involved in war produ... - Cold War (18329 bytes)
94: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
95: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Vietnam War (102682 bytes)
27: !colspan="2" |'''Civilian Casualties: ''' c. 2—4 million
131: ...ction between the American armed services and the civilian authorities in Washington. Military officials...
179: ...on. [[Rules of engagement]] were imposed to limit civilian casualties or attacks on other nationals, such...
215: ...ovels. This was the worst single massacre against civilians in the war. Although neither of these offensi...
238: ...hat the military mission lacked clear objectives. Civilian critics of the war argued that the government ... - Civil rights (27169 bytes)
1: ...jpg|thumb|250px|right|President Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964.]]
2: ...When those grants were later found inadequate, '''civil rights movements''' emerged as the vehicle for cl...
4: ...gnatories), which encompass both human rights and civil liberties.
8: ...berty (see below: Hohfeld). The root of the word 'civil' reflects the association between a bundle of rig...
10: ...] with the upper layers of society and means that civil rights attach to people by virute of their [[citi... - Timeline of United States pre-history (1600-1699) (5684 bytes)
88: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
89: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Timeline of United States pre-history (1700-1759) (3760 bytes)
47: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
48: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Timeline of United States revolutionary history (1760-1789) (5450 bytes)
77: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
78: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Timeline of United States history (1790-1819) (6951 bytes)
102: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
103: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Timeline of United States history (1820-1859) (8457 bytes)
127: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
128: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War (11837 bytes)
1: ...Civil War]]. ''See also [[Origins of the American Civil War]].''
114: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
115: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Timeline of United States history (1860-1899) (10289 bytes)
1: ...umb|More than 550,000 Americans died fighting the Civil War, include these men felled during the bloody B...
13: *[[1861]] - [[American Civil War]] begins at [[Fort Sumter]]
34: *[[1865]] - [[United States Civil War]] ends
39: *[[1866]] - [[Civil Rights Act of 1866]]
41: ...ilians cannot be tried in military tribunals when civilian courts are available - Timeline of United States history (1900-1929) (8003 bytes)
132: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
133: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Timeline of United States history (1930-1949) (8681 bytes)
17: *[[1933]] - [[Civil Works Administration]]
18: *[[1933]] - [[Civilian Conservation Corps]]
103: *[[1946]] - [[Civil Rights Commission]]
144: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
145: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Timeline of United States history (1950-1969) (7885 bytes)
34: *[[1957]] - [[Civil Rights Act of 1957]]
47: *[[1960]] - [[Civil Rights Act of 1960]]
73: *[[1964]] - [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]]
90: *[[1968]] - [[Civil Rights Act of 1968]]
113: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures] - Timeline of United States history (1970-1989) (5473 bytes)
61: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
62: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - Timeline of United States history (1990-present) (6005 bytes)
62: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
63: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - History of the United States (1776-1789) (19792 bytes)
21: ...g the benign neglect of a Britain, preoccupied by civil war and other problems. After the conclusion of t...
83: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
84: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - History of the United States (1865-1918) (52094 bytes)
2: ...a decade before coming to an end, and many of the civil rights laws that were passed immediately after th...
7: ...nion invasion and defeat of the South, attacks on civilian targets and destruction of infrastructure, fol...
9: ...ernment's failure for many decades to enforce the civil rights of the formerly enslaved African-Americans...
15: ...States Constitution|fourteenth]], which granted [[civil rights]] to [[African American]]s; and the [[Fift...
21: ...ens in public places, thus repealing the [[1875]] Civil Rights Act. ''[[Plessy v. Ferguson]]'' 163 US 537... - History of the United States (1918-1945) (54688 bytes)
125: ... the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] (CCC), the [[Civil Works Administration]] (CWA), and the [[Federal E...
177: ...the work of the next wave of liberal reform-- the civil rights movement and the [[Great Society]]-- to em...
230: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
231: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - History of the United States (1945-1964) (29139 bytes)
8: ...isting the anti-Bolshevik Whites in the [[Russian Civil War]]. In addition, the Soviets never forgot the ...
73: ==The Civil Rights Movement==
77: ...3 US 537 [[1896]] further eroded African American civil rights.
88: ...ck.jpeg|left|thumb|300px|Alabama police attacking civil rights demonstrators on "[[Bloody Sunday (1965)|B...
90: In the early days of the civil rights movement, litigation and lobbying were the... - History of the United States (1964-1980) (21973 bytes)
2: ==Civil rights==
3: ...vvy to push Kennedy's agenda; most notably, the [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]].
15: ...r much of the next 30 years, until the issue of [[civil rights]] divided conservative southern whites fro...
99: ...th]] to be elected president since the [[American Civil War]].
112: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures] - History of the United States (1980-1988) (35211 bytes)
12: ...eristic of the era of the [[Great Society]] and [[civil rights movement]], gave way to conservative urban...
14: ...lessness]]. And despite the achievements of the [[civil rights movement]] of the 1960s, inner-city, worki...
116: ...er, U.S. intervention in the multi-sided Lebanese civil war had disastrous consequences. On [[October 23]...
124: ...[[Angola]], respectively, during those countries' civil wars. The administration intervened on the side o...
144: ...category/civil-war-pictures-and-illustrations.htm Civil War Images] - History of the United States (1988-present2) (20668 bytes)
72: ...ct]], criticized by groups such as the [[American Civil Liberties Union]]. The immediate military respons... - Mississippi (15114 bytes)
48: ...ry 9]], [[1861]]. During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] the Confederate States were defeated and su...
56: After the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], perceived mistreatment of Southerners duri... - Michigan (29427 bytes)
106: There are two types of [[Civil township|townships]] in Michigan: ''general law''... - Illinois (27007 bytes)
45: ...ear present-day [[Collinsville, Illinois]]. That civilization vanished circa 1400-1500 for unknown reaso...
55: ===The Civil War===
56: ...red 150 infantry regiments (see [[Illinois in the Civil War]]), which were numbered from the 7th IL to th... - Tornado (14220 bytes)
51: ...radio and television, and most communities have [[civil defense siren]]s that will activate when severe w... - April (9790 bytes)
58: American Civil War (Started April 1861 Ended April 1865, thus "A... - John Locke (14749 bytes)
6: ...f cavalry for [[Parliament]] during the [[English Civil War]]. In [[1647]], Locke was sent to the prestig...
35: ...ght of Kings]]. The ''Second Treatise'', or ''On Civil Government'', purports on its face to justify the...
49: ..." behavior meant that the Native Americans were uncivilized and thus did not deserve the land. "In Locke'... - Colonial America (32872 bytes)
104: ... was made truly apparent, as British military and civilian officials took on an increased presence in the...
143: ...lio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_Rights Civil Rights Pictures]
144: ...eFolio.cgi?direct=History/United_States/Civil_War Civil War Images] - January 17 (12233 bytes)
6: ...g the scene for the second phase of the [[English Civil War]]. - January 1 (18244 bytes)
24: *[[1863]] - [[American Civil War]]: The [[Emancipation Proclamation]] takes ef... - January 2 (10888 bytes)
13: *[[1818]] - British [[Institution of Civil Engineers]] formed - Okapi (2836 bytes)
25: ... roughly the size of [[Connecticut]]. The [[Congo Civil War]] threatened both the wildlife and the conser... - History of California (38344 bytes)
45: ...uring the [[California and the Civil War|American Civil War]].)
167: ====California and the Civil War====
168: {{main|California and the Civil War}}
170: California's role in the [[American Civil War]] is one of the least researched areas of Ame...
173: After the Civil War ended in 1865, California continued to grow. ... - Christianity (47078 bytes)
58: ...secution and were caught up in various wars, both civil and foreign. - Religion (72319 bytes)
239: ...n [[John Lubbock|John Lubbock's]] ''The Origin of Civilization and the Primitive Condition of Man.'' [htt...
249: ...at is morally right and wrong in a [[civilization|civilized society]]. It is the duty of [[intelligence ...
281: ...ay and act as "surveyors of the course of secular civilization who report breaks in the road and breakdow...
373: ...ypes of religions: [[ancestor worship]] – [[civil religion]] – [[folk religion]] – [[fu... - Memorial Day (4407 bytes)
2: ...nor Union soldiers who died during the [[American Civil War]]. After [[World War I]], it expanded to incl...
9: Following the end of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], many communities set aside a day to mark t...
22: Unsurprisingly given its origin in the [[American Civil War]], Memorial Day is not a holiday outside the ... - Pope Zosimus (7180 bytes)
8: ...residence of the chief government official of the civil Diocese of Gaul, the "Prefectus Praetorio Galliar... - Pope Leo I (11553 bytes)
29: ...rsal monarchy was threatened, Leo appealed to the civil power for support, and obtained from [[Valentinia...
41: ...ically equal authority with Rome and regarded the civil importance of a city as a determining factor in i...
45: ...nd threatened Rome, it was Leo who, with two high civil functionaries, went to meet him, and so impressed... - Pope Pelagius I (1629 bytes)
1: ... John, seems to have been vicar of one of the two civil "dioceses", or districts, into which [[Italy]] wa... - Pope Gregory II (966 bytes)
1: ...prepared the way for a long series of revolts and civil wars, which tended greatly to the establishment o... - Pope John XII (3611 bytes)
3: ...s said to have made a byword of reproach with his civil dignities. - Cambodia (32076 bytes)
79: ...ls, detractors of Marxism, and some just innocent civilians. Millions fled across to neighbouring [[Thail...
85: ...hese states collapsed, the [[Khmer Empire|Khmer]] civilization began to flourish in this area from the [[...
106: ===Civil war and genocide===
110: ...hanouk began to send supplies to North Vietnam, a civil war began.
112: ...nd declared the [[Khmer Republic]]. Immediately a civil war began between this military regime and the [[... - Chin (993 bytes)
11: ...r]]ist [[Russia]], [[chin]] was a rank given to a civil servant, or [[chinovnik]] - Charles de Gaulle (41586 bytes)
94: ...jority for Algerian independence. A "Committee of Civil and Army Public Security" was created under the p...
98: ...concerns of some who feared that he would violate civil liberties, de Gaulle retorted vehemently: "Have I...
146: ...s: when offered the spectre of revolution or even civil war, the majority of the country rallied to him. ...
257: ...58]] - [[Guy Mollet]] becomes Minister of General Civil Servants Status - Nairobi (2690 bytes)
16: .... In 2001, the [[United Nations]] [[International Civil Service Commission]] rated Nairobi as among the m... - Leonardo da Vinci (25889 bytes)
2: ...ce the study of [[anatomy]], [[astronomy]], and [[civil engineering]].
95: ...ingle span 720-foot (240 m) bridge as part of a [[civil engineering]] project for [[Sultan]] [[Beyazid II... - Nicolaus Copernicus (26283 bytes)
10: ...However, while studying [[canon law|canon]] and [[civil law]] at [[Ferrara]], he met his teacher [[Domeni... - Causes of the French Revolution (11170 bytes)
9: ...utions of 1848]] wrote that in both the [[English Civil War|English Revolution]] of [[1648]] and in the F...
24: ...ofit out of their appointment. For instance, in a civil lawsuit, judges had to be paid some fees by the p... - French Revolution (36529 bytes)
25: ... thorough-going reform position, granting various civil rights (including freedom of worship to Protestan...
55: ...e]] (city hall), the mob accused the ''[[Provost (civil)|pr鶴t]] des marchands'' (roughly, mayor) [[Jacq...
59: ...y as ''[[魩gr靝s'', some of whom began plotting civil war within the kingdom and agitating for a Europe...
66: ...Revolution from the abolition of feudalism to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy#The abolition of feuda...
92: ...Revolution from the abolition of feudalism to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy#Towards a constitution... - List of people associated with the French Revolution (16148 bytes)
25: ... friend of [[Georges Danton]]. Went directly from civilian life to being a general; later [[marshal of Fr...
63: ...régoire]] - revolutionary priest, supporter of [[Civil Constitution of the Clergy]].
133: ...he [[Declaration of the Rights of Man]] and the [[Civil Constitution of the Clergy]], under which he was ... - Napoleonic Wars (44488 bytes)
13: ...opean countries have a [[Civil law (legal system)|Civil law]] legal system, with clearly redacted [[code ... - Hundred Years' War (30012 bytes)
3: ...gh in retrospect it has the feeling of a French [[civil war]] as much as an international conflict, the h...
68: ... were bidding for the help of English forces in a civil war.
235: ...], ''The Perspective of the World,'' vol III of ''Civilization and Capitalism'' 1984 (in French 1979). - Age of Enlightenment (36312 bytes)
14: ...e of Westphalia]] and at the end of the [[English Civil War]], there was an upheaval which overturned the... - Protestant Reformation (26890 bytes)
22: ...on to maximize economic advantage, contributed to civil war, aggressive [[militarism]], and thus centrali...
72: .... With the church subordinate to and the agent of civil authority and peasant rebellions condemned on str...
80: ...cessful until the Puritan Revolution or [[English Civil War]] in the seventeenth century.
85: ''See articles [[Puritan]] and [[English Civil War]]'' - El Salvador (12362 bytes)
67: ...ightist]] vigilantes known as [[death squads]], a civil war broke out that would last 12 years (1980-1992...
79: The current legal system of El Salvador, based on civil and Roman law, with traces of common law came int... - Ireland (33828 bytes)
95: ...922 and 1923 both sides fought the bloody [[Irish Civil War]]. This division among Nationalists still col...
97: ...mocracy, in which the losing faction in the Irish civil war, [[Eamon de Valera]], was able to take power ...
103: ...rime minister) [[Sean Lemass]] and radical senior civil servant [[T.K. Whittaker]], who produced a series...
112: ...e deaths of thousands of men, women and children, civilians and military. Most of the violence took place... - Congress of the United States (41315 bytes)
29: ...ere supplemented by the post-[[American Civil War|Civil War]] [[American Constitutional Amendments|amendm... - United States Senate (35505 bytes)
14: ...ricans associated with the Union's victory in the Civil War. The efforts of "[[Radical Republicans]]" led...
16: ...levance that stood in sharp contrast with the pre-Civil War era. Very few senators had long and distingui...
25: ...rate]] [[secession]], which led to the [[American Civil War]]. No senator has been expelled since; howeve...
35: ..., which came into force soon after the end of the Civil War, was intended to prevent those who sided with...
62: ...nsuccessful attempt to block the passage of the [[Civil Rights Act of 1957]]. The Senate may end a filibu... - Los Angeles Dodgers (23879 bytes)
35: ...garded as a key moment in the history of the U.S. Civil Rights movement. - Architect (6342 bytes)
40: *[[Civil engineer]]
41: *[[Civil engineering]] - Lists of people (6244 bytes)
59: ** [[List of people associated with the American Civil War]] - Federal government of the United States (13380 bytes)
11: ...al oversight prevents waste and fraud, protects [[civil liberties]] and individual rights, ensures execut...
45: ...aning that these courts handle criminal cases and civil law suits between individuals. The other courts, ...
51: The power of the federal courts extends both to civil actions for damages and other redress, and to cri... - History of the world (21975 bytes)
12: ...ortant in areas which became the cradles of early civilizations, such as the [[Yellow River]] valley in [...
14: ...of social and economic complexity. However, these civilisations were so different from one another that t...
16: ... of the [[Shang Dynasty|Shang]]. In the Americas, civilizations such as the [[Maya]], the [[Moche]] and [...
21: ...l]] may have been discovered there before western civilization.
23: ...cy|coinage]] was introduced in [[Lydia]]. Chinese civilisation too began to assume its familiar aspect du... - Hot air balloon (8769 bytes)
13: ...] for [[artillery]] observation in the [[American Civil War]] and were used for communication during the ...
47: ...ingdom]] a Private Pilots Licence issued by the [[Civil Aviation Authority|CAA]]. - Airline (29546 bytes)
42: ...et to set the standards and scope for an emergent civil air industry toward the end of the war, it was no...
44: ...litary, and foresaw a future explosive demand for civil air transport, for both passengers and cargo. The...
79: Groups such as the [[International Civil Aviation Organization]] establish worldwide stand... - Underground Railroad (17993 bytes)
68: ...ween North and South culminated in the [[American Civil War]], many blacks, slave and free, fought with t...
75: With the outbreak of the Civil War in the United States, a large number of black...
77: ...aves hungry for their freedom before the American Civil War. There a numerous momuments erected in [[Onta...
98: * [[1861]] through [[1865]] – [[American Civil War]] - Timeline of Ancient Rome (22347 bytes)
34: **Rome conquers the [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscan]]s
93: * [[83 BC|83]]/[[82 BC]] – First Roman civil war, between [[Sulla]] and the popular faction; [...
95: ...ertorius]], the last Marian general continues the civil war in [[Hispania]]
104: ... (''alea iacta est'') and begins the Second Roman civil war against the ''[[Optimates]]'', the conservati...
107: * [[44 BC|44]]/[[42 BC]] – Third Roman civil war, between the assassins of Caesar (led by [[Ga... - Valley of the Kings (4430 bytes)
20: ...uffered an official plundering during the virtual civil war which started in the reign of [[Ramesses XI]]... - Roman Empire (59037 bytes)
27: *Creation of a [[civil service]] outside of the [[Roman Senate|Senatoria...
66: ... the [[Year of the Four Emperors]]) was a year of civil war, with the emperors [[Galba]], [[Otho]], [[Vit...
78: ...burdens placed upon it by Nero's excesses and the civil wars. To do this, he not only increased taxes, bu...
110: ... of soldier-emperors and almost a half-century of civil war and strife.
114: ...er nearly 50 years of external invasion, internal civil wars and economic collapse, the Empire was on the... - Hubble Space Telescope (50930 bytes)
297: # ''Selected Documents in the History of the U.S. Civil Space Program Volume V: Exploring the Cosmos'', (...
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