USS Indiana (BB-58)
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The USS Indiana in the South Pacific | |
| Career | Missing image USN-Jack.png United States Navy Jack |
|---|---|
| Laid down: | 20 November 1939 |
| Launched: | 21 November 1941 |
| Commissioned: | 30 April 1942 |
| Decommissioned: | 11 September 1947 |
| Fate: | sold for scrap |
| General Characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 35,000 tons |
| Length: | 680 feet |
| Beam: | 108.2 feet |
| Draft: | 29.3 feet |
| Speed: | 27 knots |
| Complement: | 115 officers, 1678 men |
| Armament: | nine 16-inch guns, 20 five-inch guns, 24 40mm cannon, 16 20mm cannon |
USS Indiana (BB-58), a South Dakota-class battleship, was the fourth ship of the United States Navy named in honor of the 19th state. Her keel was laid down on 20 November 1939 by the Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company of Newport News, Virginia. She was launched on 21 November 1941 sponsored by Mrs. Lewis C. Robbins, daughter of Indiana governor Henry F. Schricker, and commissioned on 30 April 1942 with Captain A.A. Merrill in command.
Following shakedown in Casco Bay, Maine, the new battleship steamed through the Panama Canal to bolster U.S. fleet units in the Pacific during the critical early months of World War II. She joined Rear Admiral Lee's aircraft carrier screening force 28 November 1942. For the next 11 months, Indiana helped protect carriers Enterprise and Saratoga, then supporting American advances in the Solomon Islands.
Indiana steamed to Pearl Harbor on 21 October 1943, and departed 11 November with the support forces designated for the invasion of the Gilbert Islands. The battleship protected the carriers which supported the Marines during the bloody fight for Tarawa. Then late in January 1944 she bombarded Kwajalein for eight days prior to the Marshall Islands landings on 1 February. While maneuvering to refuel destroyers that night, Indiana collided with battleship Washington. Temporary repairs to her starboard side were made at Majuro, and she arrived Pearl Harbor 13 February for additional work.
Indiana joined famed Task Force 58 for the Truk raid of 29 April and 30 April and bombarded Ponape Island on 1 May. In June the battlewagon proceeded to the Marianas with a giant American fleet for the invasion of that strategic group. She bombarded Saipan on 13 June and 14 June and brought down several enemy aircraft while fighting off concentrated air attacks 15 June. As the Japanese fleet closed the Marianas for a decisive naval battle, Indiana steamed out to meet them as part of Rear Admiral Lee's battle line. The great fleets approached each other 19 June for the biggest carrier engagement of the war, and as four large air raids hit the American formations, Indiana, aided by other ships in the screens and carrier planes, downed hundreds of the attackers. With able assistance from submarines, Mitscher sank two Japanese carriers in addition to inflicting fatal losses on the enemy naval air arm during the "Great Marianas Turkey Shoot."
Indiana shot down several planes, and sustained only two near torpedo misses. The issue decided, the battleship resumed her screening duties around the carriers, and staged at sea 64 days in daily support of the Marianas invasion.
In August the battleship began operations as a unit of Task Group 38.3, bombarding the Palau Islands, and later the Philippines. She screened strikes on enemy shore installations from 12 September to 30 September 1944, helping to prepare for the coming invasion of Leyte. Indiana departed for Bremerton, Washington, arriving 23 October.
Reaching Pearl Harbor 12 December, the battleship immediately began underway training preparedness. She sailed 10 January 1945 and with a fleet of battleships and cruisers bombarded Iwo Jima on 24 January. Indiana then joined Task Force 58 at Ulithi and sortied 10 February for the invasion of that strategic island, next step on the island road to Japan. She supported the carriers during a raid on Tokyo on 17 February and again on 25 February, screening strikes on Iwo Jima in the interval. Indiana arrived Ulithi for replenishment 5 March 1945, having just supported a strike on the next target Okinawa.
Indiana steamed out of Ulithi 14 March for the massive Okinawa invasion, and until June 1945 steamed In support of carrier operations against Japan and Okinawa. These devastating strikes did much to aid the ground campaign and lower Japanese morale at home. During this period she often repelled enemy suicide plane attacks as the Japanese tried desperately but vainly to stem the mounting tide of defeat. In early June she rode out a terrible typhoon, and sailed to San Pedro Bay, Philippines, on 13 June.
As a member of Task Group 38.1 Indiana operated from 1 July to 15 August supporting air strikes against Japan and bombarded coastal targets with her big guns. The veteran battleship arrived Tokyo Bay 5 September and nine days later sailed for San Francisco, California, where she arrived 29 September 1945. She was placed in reserve in commission at Bremerton 11 September 1946. She decommissioned 11 September 1947, and entered the Pacific Reserve Fleet. She was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 June 1962 and sold for scrap. Indiana's mast is erected at Memorial Stadium of Indiana University at Bloomington, her anchor rests at Fort Wayne, Indiana, and other relics are on display in various museums and schools throughout the State.
Indiana received nine battle stars for World War II service.
See USS Indiana for other ships of the same name.
| South Dakota-class battleship |
| South Dakota | Indiana | Massachusetts | Alabama |
| List of battleships of the United States Navy |