Min (linguistics)
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| Min (閩方言) | |
|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Chinese province of Fujian, Guangdong (around Chaozhou-Swatou and Leizhou peninsula), Hainan, Zhejiang Zhoushan archipelago off Ningbo, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan |
| Region: | |
| Total speakers: | ? |
| Ranking: | ? |
| Genetic classification: | Sino-Tibetan languages Chinese |
| Official status | |
| Official language of: | ? |
| Regulated by: | ? |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | zh |
| ISO 639-2 | chi (B) / zho (T) |
| SIL | CFR |
| See also: Language – List of languages | |
Min (閩方言 in pinyin: min3 fang1 yan2) is a general term for a group of dialects of the Chinese language spoken in the southeastern Chinese province of Fujian as well as by migrants from this province in Guangdong (around Chaozhou-Swatou, and Leizhou peninsula), Hainan, three counties in southern Zhejiang, and Zhoushan archipelago off Ningbo, and Taiwan. There are many Min speakers also among overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia. For example, Min is the dominant Chinese dialect spoken by the Chinese minority in the Philippines.
Some researchers divide the Min group into Northern and Southern subgroups, with Fuzhou and Xiamen (Amoy) dialects being paramount.
More complex division is suggested by SIL: Northern Min (Min-Bei, around Jian'ou in Fujian), Central Min (Min-Zhong, around Shaxian, Sanming), Eastern Min (Min-Dong in Fuzhou), Xinghua (in Puxian and Xianyou counties) and Southern Min (Min-Nan, in Zhangzhou, Quanzhou, Xiamen). Southern Min is also spoken by Fujian diaspora in Guangdong, Taiwan, Hainan, etc.
The initials and finals of Min dialects are more numerous than in Mandarin Chinese.
The Southern Min language in Taiwan is known as Hō-ló-oē, in Guangdong as Hoklo, in Hainan as Qiongzhou hua.
The writing system is identical to Mandarin, although some Taiwanese use the Church Romanization (Jiaohui Luomazi, or in Taiwanese, Pe̍h-oē-jī, "vernacular writing"; see Taiwanese language) created by foreign missionaries in the 19th century. There are some uncommon publications in mixed writing, combining Chinese characters for Chinese words and Latin alphabet for indigenous words, including those from Taiwanese aborigines.
External links
- Ethnologue Report For Chinese Min-Nan (http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=nan)
| Chinese: spoken varieties | |
| Categories: |
Mandarin | Jin | Wu | Hui | Xiang | Gan | Hakka | Yue | Pinghua | Min |
| Subcategories of Min: | Min Dong | Min Bei | Min Zhong | Pu Xian | Min Nan | Qiong Wen | Shao Jiang |
| Note: The above is only one classification scheme among many. | |
| Comprehensive list of Chinese dialects | |
| Official spoken varieties: | Standard Mandarin | Standard Cantonese |
| Historical phonology: | Old Chinese | Middle Chinese | Proto-Min | Proto-Mandarin | Haner |
| Chinese: written varieties | |
| Official written varieties: | Classical Chinese | Vernacular Chinese |
| Other varieties: | Written Cantonese |
In Singapore, Malaysia and other areas in Southeast asia the common users of Min-nan are known as Hokkien speakers.
- [1] (http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=Singapore)