Subdivisions of Russia
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Being the largest country in the world, and one of the most populated, Russia incorporates several types and levels of subdivisions.
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Federal subjects
Main article: Federal subjects of Russia
Russia is a federation which consists of 89 subjects (Russian: субъе́кт(ы); English transliteration: subyekt(y)). These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation - 2 delegates each - in the Federation Council (upper house of the Russian parliament). However, they do differ in the degree of autonomy they enjoy.
Federal districts
Main article: Federal districts of Russia
All of the subjects are grouped into seven federal districts (Russian: федера́льные округа́, sing. федера́льный о́круг; English transliteration: federalnyye okruga, sing. federalny okrug), each administered by a governor appointed by the president of the federation.
Economic regions
Main article: Economic regions of Russia
For economic and statistical purposes the federal subjects are also grouped into eleven economic regions (Russian: экономи́ческие райо́ны, sing. экономи́ческий райо́н; English transliteration: ekonomicheskiye rayony, sing. ekonomichesky rayon).
Lower level subdivisions
The federal subjects are further subdivided (level 2):
- Districts (Russian: райо́н(ы); English transliteration: rayon(y)). This is somewhat similar to the counties of the United States.
- Cities/towns (Russian: города́, sing.: го́род; English transliteration: goroda, sing: gorod) and urban settlements (Russian: посёлки городско́го ти́па, sing.: посёлок городско́го ти́па; English transliteration: posyolki gorodskogo tipa, sing.: posyolok gorodskogo tipa) under the jurisdiction of the federal subject.
- Autonomous districts (Russian: автоно́мные округа́, sing.: автоно́мный о́круг; English transliteration: avtonomnyye okruga, sing.: avtonomny okrug) under the jurisdiction of the federal subject (even though they are considered subdivisions of the lower level, they have a status of federal subjects themselves).
Level 3 subdivisions include:
- Selsovets (Russian: сельсове́т(ы); English transliteration: selsovet(y)) (rural councils).
- Towns and urban/rural settlements under the jurisdiction of the district.
- City/town districts.
- Urban settlements districts.
Translation
Settlements
| Russian | Russian transliterated | English | Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Город | Gorod | City | |
| Федеральный город (город федерального значения) | Federalny Gorod | Federal City | |
| Посёлок | Posyolok | Settlement | |
| Посёлок городского типа | Posyolok gorodskogo tipa | Urban-type settlement | |
| Рабочий посёлок | Rabochy posyolok | Workers settlement | |
| Курортный посёлок | Kurortny posyolok | Resort settlement | |
| Дачный посёлок | Dachny posyolok | Dacha settlement |
Territorial administrative units
| Russian | Russian transliterated | English | Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Губерния | Guberniya | Governorate | historic |
| Край | Krai | Territory (Region) | |
| Область | Oblast | Province | |
| Автономная область | Avtonomnaya oblast | Autonomous province | |
| Округ | Okrug | District | |
| Автономный округ | Avtonomny okrug | Autonomous district | |
| Федеральный округ | Federalny okrug | Federal district | |
| Сельский округ | Selsky okrug | Rural district | |
| Voyenny okrug | Military district | ||
| Район | Raion/Rayon | Region (District, Britannica:Sector) | |
| Внутригородской район | Vnutrigorodskoy rayon | City district | |
| Ekonomichesky rayon | Economic region | ||
| Natsionalny rayon | National district | ||
| Республика | Respublika | Republic | |
| Avtonomnaya respublika | Autonomous republic | ||
| Совет | Soviet | Council | |
| Selsoviet | Rural council, rural district |
See also
- History of the administrative division of Russia
- List of federal subjects of Russia by area
- List of federal subjects of Russia by population
External links
- Official site: Federal Cadaster Center of Russia -- Administrative maps of Russia (legends in Russian) (http://www.fccland.ru/kart.htm)
- http://baikaland.tripod.com/russia/right.html
et:Venemaa haldusjaotus fr:Sujets fédéraux de Russie ja:ロシア連邦の地方区分 pl:Podział terytorialny Rosji pt:Subdivisões da Rússia ru:Список субъектов Российской Федерации zh:俄罗斯行政区