Guobiao
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Guóbiāo (国标) (GB) in the People's Republic of China is the abbreviation of
- Guójiā Biāozhǔn (国家标准), meaning the "National Standards", or
- Guójiā Biāozhǔn Mǎ (国家标准码), meaning the "National Standard Encoding" as Chinese character encoding system.
Both are issued by the Standardization Administration of China (SAC), the Chinese National Committee of the ISO and IEC.
In addition, Guóbiāo in Mandarin Chinese also means:
- Guójì Biāozhǔn Wǔ (国际标准舞, International Standard Dance)
- Guóbiāo Májiàng (国标麻将, National Standard Mahjong)
National Standards
Like ANSI in the United States, GB standards fall in many areas. Mandatory standards are prefixed "GB". Recommended standards are prefixed "GB/T" where the letter T is from Chinese tuījiàn (推荐, recommended). A standard number follows "GB" or "GB/T". The following is a list of some National Standards of the People's Republic of China. Compared to many international standards of ISO, many standards are identical (IDT), equivalent (EQV), or non-equivalent (NEQ).
| Number | Adopted standard | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Mandatory standards | ||
| GB 2312-80 | Code of Chinese graphic character set for information interchange, primary set | |
| GB 3100-93 | EQV ISO 1000:1992 | SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units |
| GB 3101-93 | EQV ISO 31-0:1992 | General principles concerning quantities, units and symbols |
| GB 3259-92 | Transliterating rules of Chinese phonetic - Alphabet on titles for books and periodicals in Chinese | |
| GB 3304-91 | Names of nationalities of China in romanization with codes | |
| GB 5768-1999 | Road traffic signs and markings | |
| GB 6513-86 | Character set for bibliographic information interchange on mathematical coding of characters | |
| GB 8045-87 | Mongolian 7-bit and 8-bit coded graphic character sets for information processing interchange | |
| GB 12050-89 | Information processing -Uighur coded graphic character sets for information interchange | |
| GB 12052-89 | Korean character coded character sets for information interchange | |
| GB 12200.1-90 | Chinese information processing - Vocabulary - Part 01: Fundamental terms | |
| GB 13000.1-93 | IDT ISO/IEC 10646.1:1993 | Information Technology - Universal multiple-octet coded character set (UCS) - Part 1: Architecture and basic multilingual plane |
| GB 14887-2003 | Road traffic signals | |
| GB 18030-2000 | Information technology - Chinese ideograms coded character set for information interchange - Extension for the basic set | |
|
Recommended standards | ||
| GB/T 148-1997 | NEQ ISO 216:1975 | Writing paper and certain classes printed matter--Trimmed sizes-A and B series |
| GB/T 1988-1998 | EQV ISO/IEC 646:1991 | Information technology--7-bit coded character set for information interchange |
| GB/T 2311-2000 | IDT ISO/IEC 2022:1994 | Information technology - Character code structure and extension techniques |
| GB/T 2260-1999 | Codes for the administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China | |
| GB/T 2261-1980 | None but similar with ISO 5218 | Codes for sexual distinction of human beings |
| GB/T 2659-2000 | EQV ISO 3166-1:1997 | Codes for the representation of names of countries and regions |
| GB/T 4880-91 | EQV ISO 639:1988 | Codes for the representation of names of language |
| GB/T 4880.2-2000 | EQV ISO 639-2:1998 | Codes for the representation of names of languages--Part 2: Alpha-3 code |
| GB/T 4881-1985 | Code of Chinese languages | |
| GB/T 5795-2002 | EQV ISO 2108:1992 | China standard book numbering |
| GB/T 7408-94 | EQV ISO 8601:1988 | Data elements and interchange formats --Information interchange--Representation of dates and times |
| GB/T 7589-1987 | Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange - The 2nd supplementary set | |
| GB/T 7590-1987 | Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange - The 4th supplementary set | |
| GB/T 12200.2-94 | Chinese information processing - Vocabulary - Part 02: Chinese and Chinese character | |
| GB/T 12345-90 | Code of Chinese graphic character set for information interchange, supplementary set | |
| GB/T 12406-1996 | IDT ISO 4217:1990 | Codes for the representation of currencies and funds |
| GB/T 13131-91 | Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange - The 3rd supplementary set | |
| GB/T 13132-91 | Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange - The 5th supplementary set | |
| GB/T 13134-91 | Yi coded character set for information interchange | |
| GB/T 15273 | IDT ISO/IEC 8859 | Information processing--8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets |
| GB/T 15834-1995 | Use of punctuation marks | |
| GB/T 15835-1995 | General rules for writing numerals in publications | |
| GB/T 16159-1996 | Basic rules for Hanyu Pinyin Orthography | |
| GB/T 16831-1997 | IDT ISO 6709:1983 | Standard representation of latitude, longitude and altitude for geographic point locations |
| GB/T 19000-2000 | IDT ISO 9000:2000 | Quality management systems--Fundamentals and vocabulary |
| GB/T 24001-1996 | IDT ISO 14001:1996 | Environmental management systems--Specification with guidance for use |
National Standard Encoding
Guobiao code is the national standard encoding method for Simplified Chinese characters used in mainland China and Singapore. Taiwan and Hong Kong, which use Traditional Chinese characters, have Big5 as their standard.
External links
- Standardization Administration of China (simplified Chinese and English) (http://www.sac.gov.cn/)
- Catalog of Chinese standards in English (http://www.sac.gov.cn/english/catalog/)zh:中华人民共和国国家标准