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- Lighthouse of Alexandria (3491 bytes)
9: ...e to the lack of modern optics and reflective technology in the time period in which the lighthouse ex...
17: ...e Great]] placed as "protector of the land" or "[[Satrap]]". After Alexander died unexpectedly at 33 yrs ...
20: ... that the Arab traveller [[Ibn Battuta]] reported not being able to enter the ruin. Even the stubby re... - Ptolemy I of Egypt (7434 bytes)
1: :''For the unrelated [[astronomy|astronomer]], see [[Ptolemy]]''
7: ...s now appointed [[satrap]] of [[Egypt]] under the nominal kings [[Philip III of Macedon|Philip Arrhida...
9: ...r the petty kings of Cyprus. When [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigonus]], master of Asia in [[315 BC|...
13: ...of Egypt absolutely his own master. The peace did not last long, and in [[309 BC|309]] Ptolemy command...
15: ...t Antigonus was engaged with Lysimachus in Asia Minor. On a report that Antigonus had won a decisive v... - Ptolemaic dynasty (4871 bytes)
3: ...5 BC]] he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as "Soter" (saviour). The Egyptians soon accept...
5: ...eir sisters, who were often called Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice. The most famous member of the line ...
9: ..., with her two brothers and her son as successive nominal co-rulers. Several systems exist for number...
12: ...Egypt|Arsinoe I]], then [[Arsinoe II of Egypt|Arsinoe II]] Philadelphos; ruled jointly with [[Ptolemy ...
14: ...]]-[[204 BC]]) married [[Arsinoe III of Egypt|Arsinoe III]] - Azerbaijan (15031 bytes)
2: ...Iran to the south and west, and [[Turkey]] to the northwest.
4: ...Shia Muslim]] and of Western [[Turkic]] descent, known as [[Azerbaijanis]], or simply [[Azeris]]. The ...
19: ...n=center colspan=2 | <small>''National [[motto]]: None''</small>
54: ...reat]] destroyed the Achaemenids. The region was known as ''[[Medes|Media]] Atropatia'' or ''[[Atropat...
58: ...day Azerbaijan Republic, sometimes referred to as North Azerbaijan, has also been called [[Arran (Azer... - Agesilaus II (5597 bytes)
3: ...ng spring. He then came to an agreement with the satrap Pharnabazus and once more turned southward.
4: ...inth%2C_Greece|Corinth]], [[Argos]] and several minor states. A rapid march through [[Thrace]] and [[...
11: by a powerful Persian fleet under [[Conon]] and [[Pharnabazus]].
26: saved Sparta when her enemies, led by [[Epaminondas]], penetrated
27: ...ng the war Agesilaus had supported the revolted [[satrap]]s, and in [[361 BC]] he went to [[Egypt]] at the... - Alcibiades (7778 bytes)
2: ...4;ΩΝΙΔΗΣ</small>)[[#Notes|¹]] (c. [[450 BC]]-[[404 BC]]) was an Ath...
4: ...n in [[Athens]], the son of [[Cleinias]] and [[Deinomache]], who belonged to the family of the [[Alcma...
7: Nor did the instructors of his early manhood supply ...
9: ...s master [[Socrates]], he was able to admire, but not to imitate or practise.
10: ...s, his debaucheries and his impious revels became notorious. - Alexander IV of Macedon (2891 bytes)
1: ...als, now [[Satrap]]s of major provinces, gaining enough power to act independently from the crown.
3: During his nominal reign between [[323 BC]] and [[309 BC]], fou... - Alexander the Great (42049 bytes)
4: ... military commanders of the ancient world. He is known in some eastern traditions such as the [[Middle...
6: ...ived on in the history and myth of both Greek and non-Greek peoples. Already during his lifetime, and...
9: ...] (''Alexander'' 3.1,3), Olympias was impregnated not by Philip, who was afraid of her and her affinit...
14: ...r was once thought to have been planned with the knowledge and possible involvement of Alexander or Ol...
16: ...ebes, which had pledged allegiance to Philip were not quick to pledge it to a 20-year-old boy. He imme... - Antalcidas (1665 bytes)
3: ...recognize Persian claims to the whole of [[Asia Minor]] and supremacy over [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] ci...
5: ...xerxes II]] (Mnemon) disapproved and recalled his satrap.
9: #the whole of Asia Minor, with the islands of [[Clazomenae]] and [[Cyprus...
10: ...rsian rule -- were to be independent, except [[Lemnos]], Imbros and Scyros, which were to belong, as f...
12: The terms were announced to the Greek envoys at Sardis in the winter ... - Antigonus I Monophthalmus (4328 bytes)
1: ...]]) was a [[Macedon]]ian nobleman, general, and [[satrap]] under [[Alexander the Great]]. He was a major f...
3: ...us.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Coin of '''Antigonus I Monophthalmos''' ("the One-eyed") ([[382 BC]] - [[301 ...
5: ... defeated and forced to retire to the fortress of Nora in [[Cappadocia]].
9: ...of which [[Seleucus I Nicator|Seleucus]] was governor. Seleucus fled to Ptolemy and entered into a lea...
11: ...n that he was claiming to be Alexander's heir. He now prepared a large army and a formidable fleet, t... - Persian Empire (26229 bytes)
1: ...s to confuse Iran with Iraq; so in 1959 Pahlavi announced that both Persia and Iran can be used interc...
11: ...tributary peoples to Assyria, [[Babylonia]], and another Aryan tribe, the [[Scythian]]s. The region of...
13: ...e Persians around 700 BC. His son Teispes led the nomadic Persians to settle in southern Iran around 6...
15: ...arter, the king promised not to terrorize Babylon nor destroy its institutions and culture. Cyrus was ...
19: ...the Achaemenids, since the conquered peoples felt no need to revolt. - Cappadocia (7924 bytes)
4: ...a''' was an extensive inland district of [[Asia Minor]] (modern [[Turkey]]). In the time of [[Herodotu...
6: ...ountry, greatly exaggerated its dimensions; it is now believed to have been about 250 miles in length ...
10: ...d Persian name is [[Katpatuka]] but it is clearly not a native Persian word. The [[Elamite]] and [[Akk...
12: ...eth]], "and the Mosocheni were founded by Mosoch; now they are Cappadocians." [[AotJ]] I:6.
14: ...ion had already come about before the time of [[Xenophon]]. As after the fall of the Persian governmen... - Achaemenid dynasty (14622 bytes)
3: ...ia]], [[Pakistan]], [[Jordan]], [[Israel]], [[Lebanon]], [[Caucasia]], [[Central Asia]], [[Arabia]] an...
15: ...7;rayawuš'' "Who Holds Firm the Good", also known as ''Darayarahush'' or Darius the Great).
17: ...that [[oligarchy]] would divide them against one another, and democracy would bring about mob rule res...
19: ...ced to retract the limits of the empire to Asia Minor.
30: ...e the relative local independence afforded by the satrapy system however, royal inspectors, the "eyes and ... - History of Greek and Roman Egypt (25856 bytes)
3: ...uled first from [[Rome]] and then from [[Constantinople]] until the Arab conquest in AD [[639]].
8: ... to be the new capital. The wealth of Egypt could now be harnessed for Alexander's conquest of the [[P...
12: ...Egypt|Cleopatra V]] did co-rule, but it was with another female, Berenice IV. [[Cleopatra VII]] offici...
14: ...ls of Greek culture, in which most Egyptians were not in any case interested.
21: Feeling the kingdom was now secure, Ptolemy abdicated in [[285 BC]] in favou... - Mauryan (48769 bytes)
4: ...orthwestern India, defeating and conquering the [[satrap]]s left by Alexander.
6: ...histan (region)|Balochistan]] and much of what is now [[Afghanistan]], including the modern [[Herat Pr...
10: ...on of the reign of social and political peace and non-violence across all of India. Ashoka sponsored t...
12: ...auryan rule in South Asia falls into the era of [[Northern Black Polished Ware]] (NBPW). The ''Arthash...
15: ...xander]] set up a Greek-Macedonian garrison and [[satrapies]] (vassal states) in the trans-Indus region of... - Assyria (13688 bytes)
1: :''For the modern-day peoples in northern Iraq and neighboring areas, see [[Assyrian]...
3: ...n and Empire, it also came to include roughly the northern half of [[Mesopotamia]] (the southern half ...
5: Assyria proper was located in a mountainous region, extending along the Tigris as far as th...
8: ... of the kingdom of Assyria, little is positively known. According to some traditions, the city Ashshur...
12: ...s region seems to have been ruled from [[Akkad]] (northern Babylonia) in its earliest stages, being pa...
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