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- Lighthouse of Alexandria (3491 bytes)
1: ...it resided), was considered one of the [[Seven Wonders of the World]].
3: ... BC and remained operational until it was largely destroyed by two [[earthquake]]s in the 14th century...
5: ...e Pharos of Alexandria, an ancient lighthouse, is depicted in this hand-coloured engraving by Martin H...
7: ...s built of blocks of white stone. The tower was made up of three stages, a lower square with a central...
9: ...ver, this is highly unlikely due to the lack of modern optics and reflective technology in the time pe... - Ptolemy I of Egypt (7434 bytes)
3: ...er of [[Egypt]] ([[323 BC]] - [[283 BC]]) and founder of the [[Ptolemaic dynasty]]. In [[305 BC]] he t...
7: ...s]] and the young [[Alexander IV of Macedon|Alexander IV]].
9: ...sfully defended the [[Nile]] and Perdiccas was murdered by two of his subordinates. In the long wars ...
11: ...ge:Ptolemy_I_of_Egypt.jpg|thumb|right|Silver coin depicting '''Ptolemy I''' (r. [[305 BC|305]] - [[283...
13: ...her [[Menelaus]] was defeated and captured in the decisive [[Battle of Salamis in Cyprus (306 BC)|Batt... - Ptolemaic dynasty (4871 bytes)
3: ...s as the successors to the [[pharaoh]]s of independent Egypt. Ptolemy's family ruled Egypt until the [...
9: ...he one used here is the one most widely used by modern scholars.
12: ...I]], then [[Arsinoe II of Egypt|Arsinoe II]] Philadelphos; ruled jointly with [[Ptolemy the Son of Egy...
22: * [[Ptolemy X of Egypt|Ptolemy X]] Alexander I ([[107 BC]]-[[88 BC]]) married [[Cleopatra Sel...
24: ... [[Berenice III of Egypt|Berenice III]] before murdering her; ruled alone for 19 days after that. - Azerbaijan (15031 bytes)
2: ...mous Republic]] (an [[exclave]] of Azerbaijan) borders Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the sout...
4: ...[[Azeris]]. The country is formally an emerging [[democracy]], however with strong [[Authoritarianism|...
6: ...ackground: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
10: {| border=0 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0
15: ...n=center width="140px" | ([[Flag of Azerbaijan|In Detail]]) - Agesilaus II (5597 bytes)
1: ...is political designs; in this hope, however, Lysander was disappointed, and the increasing power of Ag...
3: ...ng spring. He then came to an agreement with the satrap Pharnabazus and once more turned southward.
4: ... repulsed the Thessalian cavalry who tried to impede him. Reinforced by Phocian and Orchomenian
5: troops and a Spartan army, he met the confederate forces
8: and he had to retire by way of [[Delphi]] to the [[Peloponnese]]. - Alcibiades (7778 bytes)
1: [[Image:Alcibiades.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Alcibiades]]
2: '''Alcibiades Cleiniou Scambonides''' ([[ancient Greek]]: <small>ΑΛΚ...
4: ...born in [[Athens]], the son of [[Cleinias]] and [[Deinomache]], who belonged to the family of the [[Al...
5: ...s a near relative of [[Pericles]], who, after the death of Cleinias at the [[Battle of Coronea (447 BC...
6: Thus early deprived of his father's control, possessed of great... - Alexander IV of Macedon (2891 bytes)
1: ...jor provinces, gaining enough power to act independently from the crown.
3: ... BC]] and [[309 BC]], four Regents acted in Alexander's name:
5: *[[Perdiccas]], between [[323 BC]] and his murder in [[June]], [[321 BC]].
7: ...ted considerable influence over Polyperchon and ordered the execution of Philip III in [[317 BC]].
8: ...]] the Regent Cassander held the young King Alexander as a prisoner. - Alexander the Great (42049 bytes)
2: ...erTheGreat_Bust.jpg|thumb|right|[[Bust]] of Alexander III in the [[British Museum]].]]
4: ... as the [[Middle-Persian]] literature as '''Alexander the Cursed''' due to his burning of the Persian ...
6: ...ady during his lifetime, and especially after his death, his exploits inspired a literary tradition in...
9: ...[Aristotle]] was Alexander's tutor; he gave Alexander a thorough training in rhetoric and literature a...
11: ...racles]] through [[Caranus]] and his mother descended from [[Aeacus]] through [[Neoptolemus]] and [[Ac... - Antalcidas (1665 bytes)
3: ...f Persia|Persian]] [[satrap]] of [[Sardis]], to undermine the friendly relations then existing between...
5: ...xerxes II]] (Mnemon) disapproved and recalled his satrap.
7: In [[388 BC]] Antalcidas, then commander of the navy went to the active assistance of Per...
10: ... were not under Persian rule -- were to be independent, except [[Lemnos]], Imbros and Scyros, which we...
14: ... consequences, is said to have starved himself to death. - Antigonus I Monophthalmus (4328 bytes)
1: ...ath. He established the [[Antigonid dynasty]] and declared himself King in [[306 BC]].
5: ...[[Craterus]], and the other generals. Eumenes was defeated and forced to retire to the fortress of Nor...
7: ...lowing which Eumenes was executed at Antigonus' order.
9: ...His son [[Demetrius I Poliorcetes|Demetrius]] was defeated at the [[Battle of Gaza (312 BC)|Battle of ...
11: ...gypt. The [[siege of Rhodes]] lasted a year and ended in [[304 BC]] with a peace treaty. - Persian Empire (26229 bytes)
1: ... name, Iran. Some Persian scholars protested this decision because changing the name separated the cou...
4: ...n the south of Iran, called ''[[Fars]]'' in the modern [[Persian language]] and ''Pars'' in [[Middle P...
11: ...9 BC. Eventually the Medes came to rule an independent Median Empire, and the Persians were subject to...
13: ...nt region of [[Anshan (Persia)|Anshan]]. Teispes' descendants branched off into two lines, one line ru...
15: ...r, the king promised not to terrorize Babylon nor destroy its institutions and culture. Cyrus was kill... - Cappadocia (7924 bytes)
4: ...an extensive inland district of [[Asia Minor]] (modern [[Turkey]]). In the time of [[Herodotus]] the C...
5: ...ia_03.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Cappadocia|Image provided by [http://classroomclipart.com Classroom Clip A...
6: ... great central salt lake. But it is impossible to define its limits with accuracy. [[Strabo]], the onl...
9: ...tional Central Anatolian Turkish House.Image provided by [http://classroomclipart.com Classroom Clip A...
12: ..., son of [[Japheth]], "and the Mosocheni were founded by Mosoch; now they are Cappadocians." [[AotJ]] ... - Achaemenid dynasty (14622 bytes)
2: ...Ancient_eygpt-1.jpg|thumb|left|170px|Clipart provided by <br> [http://classroomclipart.com Classroom C...
3: ...;ی''' - transliterated ''Hakamanshee'' in Modern [[Persian language|Persian]]) was a dynasty in ...
5: ...lthough the Egyptians twice regained their independence from Persia. After the practice of [[Manetho]...
7: ...conquest, the Persian Empire was annexed by Alexander.
11: ...ambyses I of Anshan]] (''Kambūjiya'', "the Elder"), and [[Arsames]] (''Aršāma'' "Having... - History of Greek and Roman Egypt (25856 bytes)
3: The conquests of [[Alexander the Great]] brought '''Egypt within the orbit of...
8: ...ian Empire]]. Early in [[331 BC]] he was ready to depart, and led his forces away to Phoenicia.
12: ..., who were also of the royal house. This custom made Ptolemaic politics confusingly incestuous, and th...
14: ...vileged minority in Ptolemaic Egypt. They lived under Greek law, received a Greek education, were trie...
17: ...ucus]], the ruler of [[Babylonia]], he defeated [[Demetrius]], the son of Antigonus, in the battle of ... - Mauryan (48769 bytes)
4: ...ting and conquering the [[satrap]]s left by Alexander.
6: ...ested regions near [[Kalinga (India)|Kalinga]] (modern [[Orissa]]).
8: ...s decline began fifty years after Ashoka's rule ended, and it dissolved in 185 BC with the foundation ...
10: ...ndia. Ashoka sponsored the spreading of Buddhist ideals into [[Sri Lanka]], Southeast Asia, West Asia ...
12: ... of the Mauryan times. The Mauryan empire is considered one of the most significant periods in Indian ... - Assyria (13688 bytes)
1: :''For the modern-day peoples in northern Iraq and neighboring ar...
3: ...ter, as a nation and Empire, it also came to include roughly the northern half of [[Mesopotamia]] (the...
8: ...as founded by Asshur the son of [[Shem]], who was deified by later generations as the city's patron go...
10: Besides Asshur, the other three royal Assyrian cities we...
12: ...Assyria as an independent kingdom was perhaps founded ca. [[1900 BC]] by Bel-kap-kapu.
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