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- Steel (28384 bytes)
8: ...lace in a fairly oxygen-free environment. Unlike copper and tin, liquid iron dissolves carbon quite readi...
21: ... [[stainless steel]] so that a hard [[passivation|oxide]] forms on the metal surface, to inhibit corrosio...
32: ...unts of metallic iron were made as a byproduct of copper and bronze production throughout the bronze age. ...
38: ...oxide]] produced by the charcoal reduced the iron oxides to metallic iron, but the bloomery was not hot e...
66: ...ude]], a [[France|French]] craftsman in [[Henry VIII]]'s employ, cast the Weald's first one-piece iron... - Ceramics (15941 bytes)
59: *[[Zinc oxide]] ([[zinc|Zn]][[oxygen|O]]), which is a semicondu...
64: *Uranium oxide ([[uranium|U]]O<sub>2</sub>), used as fuel in nuc...
65: ... oxide]] ([[yttrium|Y]][[barium|Ba]]<sub>2</sub>[[copper|Cu]]<sub>3</sub>[[oxygen|O]]<sub>7-x</sub>), a hi...
80: ...xides that are II-VI semiconductors, such as zinc oxide.
82: ...there is talk of making blue [[LED]]s from [[zinc oxide]], ceramicists are most interested in the electri... - Glass (26176 bytes)
13: ...''Common glass''' is mostly amorphous [[silicon dioxide]] ([[Silicon|Si]][[Oxygen|O]]<sub>2</sub>), which...
30: ...hich is obviously undesirable, so lime ([[calcium oxide]], [[Calcium|Ca]][[Oxygen|O]]) is the third compo...
32: ... also increases the refractive index. [[Thorium]] oxide gives glass a very high refractive index, and is ...
37: ...] produces a [[turquoise]] color. Pure metallic [[copper]] produces a very dark red, opaque glass, which i...
42: ...ed glass by adding metallic compounds and mineral oxides to produce brilliant hues of red, green, and bl... - Illuminated manuscript (5973 bytes)
32: ...lors such as [[cochineal]] and [[kermes]]; [[iron oxide]]-rich earth compounds
38: ...-based compounds such as [[buckthorn]] berries; [[copper]] compounds such as [[verdigris]] and [[malachite... - Mars (27704 bytes)
8: ...ople. Its red, fiery appearance is caused by Iron Oxide (rust) on its surface. Mars has only a quarter th...
11: .... The atmosphere on Mars is 95 percent [[carbon dioxide]], 3 percent [[nitrogen]], 1.6 percent [[argon]],...
13: ...ile volcanic methane is accompanied by [[sulfur dioxide]].
27: ...s covered with dust and sand rich in reddish iron oxides were once thought of as Martian 'continents' and...
29: ...that change with the Martian seasons-the carbon dioxide ice sublimates in summer, uncovering a surface of... - List of minerals (11610 bytes)
118: #[[Copper]]
192: #[[Ferricrete]] Iron oxide cemented soil or sediment
281: #[[Limonite]] (a mixture of iron oxides and hydroxides - rust!)
532: #[[Zanazziite]] - Antimony (9093 bytes)
48: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]]) || ?3, 5 (mildly [[acid]]ic)
133: ...h [[sulfur]] and the [[heavy metals]] [[lead]], [[copper]], and [[silver]].
145: ...glass]], [[paint]]s, and [[pottery]]. Antimony trioxide is the most important of the antimony compounds a...
162: ... sufficient to dissolve small amounts of antimony oxide contained in the packaging of the drink. Modern m... - Arsenic (12497 bytes)
47: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]]) || '''+-3''',5 (mildly [[acid]]ic)
143: ...it rapidly [[oxidation|oxidizes]] to [[arsenic trioxide]], which has a garlic odor. Arsenic and some arse...
146: ...ical damage to those working the sprayers), and [[copper]] arsenate has even been recorded in the [[19th c...
148: ... [[wood]] which has been treated with chromated [[copper arsenate]] ("CCA", or "Tanalith", and the vast ma...
150: ...[arsphenamine]] (by Paul Erlich) and [[arsenic trioxide]] (by Thomas Fowler). - Beryllium (15119 bytes)
23: | [[group 2 element|2 (IIA)]], [[period 2 element|2]], [[S-block|s]]
51: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
138: ...ng agent in [[alloy]]s (most notably, [[beryllium copper]]).
141: ...bably due to the formation of a thin layer of the oxide).
144: ...ility to absorb large amounts of heat.) Beryllium-copper alloys are used in a wide variety of applications... - Bismuth (9188 bytes)
53: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
149: ...rns with a [[blue]] flame and its [[bismuth oxide|oxide]] forms [[yellow]] fumes.
185: ...[United States]] is obtained as a by-product of [[copper]], [[gold]], [[silver]], [[tin]] and especially [... - Cadmium (10755 bytes)
51: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
194: ...s of zinc, and to a lesser degree, [[lead]] and [[copper]]. Small amounts of cadmium, about 10% of consump... - Calcium (9166 bytes)
19: ... table block|Block]]</td><td>[[group 2 element|2 (IIA)]], [[period 4 element|4]], [[atomic orbital|s]]...
39: <td>[[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]]) </td><td>2 (strong [[Base (chem...
106: ...ter displacing hydrogen and forming [[calcium hydroxide]].
116: ...t used in the production of aluminium, beryllium, copper, lead, and magnesium alloys.
120: ...ar]] and is turned into [[plaster]] by [[carbon dioxide]] uptake. Mixed with other compounds, CaO forms a... - Cobalt (13481 bytes)
38: <td>[[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]]) </td><td>'''2''',3 (amphoteric...
149: ...o be produced as a [[by-produc]]t of nickel and [[copper]] mining activities. The main ores of cobalt are ...
152: ...ate]]s, there is an abundant number of compounds. Oxides are [[antiferromagnetic]] at low [[temperature]]... - Copper (13595 bytes)
6: ...olspan="2" align="center" | [[nickel]] – '''copper''' – [[zinc]]
17: | copper, Cu, 29
29: | align="center" | copper, metallic<br>[[Image:Cu,29.jpg|125px|]]
51: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
133: '''Copper''' is a [[chemical element]] in the [[periodic ta... - Gold (24329 bytes)
53: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
156: ...al easily-identifiable color; the other two are [[copper]], which is red, and [[caesium]], which has a gol...
158: ...tourist trade as "[[Black Hills]]" gold. Adding [[copper]] yields a redder metal, [[iron]] green, [[alumin...
162: ...de +1 (gold(I) or aurous compounds) and +3 (gold(III) or auric compounds). Gold ions in solution are r...
165: ... use and is hardened by [[alloy]]ing with silver, copper, and other metals. Gold and its many alloys are m... - Indium (8657 bytes)
22: | [[group 13 element|13 (IIIA)]], [[period 5 element|5]], [[p-block|p]]
50: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
133: ...lms to form lubricated layers (during [[World War II]] it was widely used to coat bearings in high-per...
141: ...phosphide [[semiconductor]]s and indium-[[tin]]-[[oxide]] thin films for [[liquid crystal display]]s (LCD...
145: *Its [[oxide]] is used in the making of [[electroluminescent]]... - Iodine (11416 bytes)
23: | [[group 17 element|17 (VIIA)]], [[period 5 element|5]], [[p-block|p]]
51: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
149: ...yroid]] [[hormone]]s, ''[[thyroxine]]'' and ''[[triiodotyronine]]'' contain iodine.
156: *[[Nitrogen triiodide]] is an explosive, too unstable to be used c...
165: ...e reaction of [[potassium iodide]] with [[copper (II) sulfate]]. There are also several other methods ... - Iron (23778 bytes)
22: <td>[[group 8 element|8 (VIIIB)]], [[period 4 element|4]], [[d-block|d]]</td></...
44: <td>[[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]]) </td><td>2,'''3''',4,6 (amphot...
151: * [[Iron (III) oxide]]s are used in the production of [[magnetic stora...
156: ... iron was being created then as a by-product of [[copper]] refining, as [[sponge iron]], and was not repro...
176: ...st. Most of this iron is found in various [[iron oxide]]s, such as the minerals [[hematite]], [[magnetit... - Lithium (11359 bytes)
50: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
146: ...oxide will absorb CO<sub>2</sub>, but lithium hydroxide is preferred because of its low molecular weight.
147: ...s of the metal with [[aluminium]], [[cadmium]], [[copper]], and [[manganese]] are used to make high perfor...
155: ...y Davy]] later used [[electrolysis]] on [[lithium oxide]]. Commercial production of lithium metal was ac...
160: ...eft|Lithium pellets (covered in white lithium hydroxide)]] - Aluminium (26079 bytes)
20: {{Elementbox_oxistates | 3<br />([[amphoteric]] oxide) }}
52: ...] resistance and durability due to the protective oxide layer. It is also nonmagnetic and nonsparking and...
56: ...adily forms [[alloy]]s with many elements such as copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese and silicon. When com...
58: ...oatings form a thin layer of protective aluminium oxide that does not deteriorate as [[silver]] coatings ...
66: ...[[electrical conductivity]] is only 60% that of [[copper]], it's lighter in weight and lower in price[http...
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