Pi (letter)
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| Greek alphabet | |
|---|---|
| Α α Alpha | Β β Beta |
| Γ γ Gamma | Δ δ Delta |
| Ε ε Epsilon | Ζ ζ Zeta |
| Η η Eta | Θ θ Theta |
| Ι ι Iota | Κ κ Kappa |
| Λ λ Lambda | Μ μ Mu |
| Ν ν Nu | Ξ ξ Xi |
| Ο ο Omicron | Π π Pi |
| Ρ ρ Rho | Σ σ Sigma |
| Τ τ Tau | Υ υ Upsilon |
| Φ φ Phi | Χ χ Chi |
| Ψ ψ Psi | Ω ω Omega |
| obsolete letters | |
| [[Digamma|Template:Polytonic Digamma]] | [[San (letter)|Template:Polytonic San]] |
| [[Qoppa|Template:Polytonic Qoppa]] | [[Sampi|Template:Polytonic Sampi]] |
Pi (upper case Π, lower case π) is the 16th letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 80.
In Greek, the letter is pronounced /piː/; in English, though, it is pronounced /paɪː/ (as the word pie). In words, it is pronounced /p/. In Modern Greek, the sequence of letters μπ represents the /b/ sound, as in boy (the second letter of the Greek alphabet is now pronounced /v/ as in very).
There is another variant of lower case Pi, resembling a lower case Omega: ϖ.
The upper-case letter Π is used as a symbol for:
- The product operator in mathematics (similar to a series).
- In textual criticism, Codex Petropolitanus, a 9th century, uncial codex of the Gospels, now located in St. Petersburg, Russia.
The lower-case letter π is used as a symbol for:
- The mathematical constant π ≈ 3.14159, the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.
- The prime counting function in mathematics.
- Dimensionless parameters constructed using the Buckingham Pi theorem of dimensional analysis.
- The elementary particle called the pi meson or pion.
- Profit in microeconomics.
- Inflation rate in macroeconomics.
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