Papiamento

Papiamento (Papiamentu)
Spoken in:	Netherlands Antilles and Aruba
Region:	Caribbean islands
Total speakers:	329,000
Ranking:	not in top 100
Genetic classification:	Portuguese Creole
Official status
Official language of:	none
Regulated by:	none
Language codes
ISO 639-1	none
ISO 639-2	pap
SIL	PAE
See also: Language – List of languages

Papiamento or Papiamentu is a Creole language and it is the primary language spoken on the Caribbean islands of Aruba, Curaçao, and Bonaire.

History

Papiamento grew out of the pidgin Portuguese spoken among Sephardic Jews and their slaves who had fled from Brazil. Also a Portuguese Creole (or pidgin) from Cape Verde reached the ABC islands (Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao), it was brought by the Sephardic Portuguese jews of Cape Verde, and it was a mixture of the Mina Portuguese Creole/Pidgin (a mixture of Cape Verdean Creole/Pidgin with Twi) and "Angolar" Portuguese Creoles/Pidgins (areas of Angola and Congo). When Spanish discovered and ruled the islands, many Spanish words were obtained. Spanish was also added through Ladino, Spanish-influenced language of Brazilian Sephardic Jews. After the Dutch Empire acquired the ABC islands from the Spanish who left taking the natives to other islands, because it had no precious metals, the influence of Dutch colonists caused many Dutch words to be inserted into Papiamento.

The name comes from the word papia, meaning ‘talk’, derived originally from the Portuguese word papear compare with other Portuguese Creoles: the name of Papia Kristang or the Cape Verdean Creole word papia (talk). This word also exist in other Portuguese Creoles, including Papia Kristang.

Classification and related languages

Creole - Portuguese-based (often also classified has Iberian-based)

Papiamento is a creole language based mainly on Portuguese, African languages, Dutch, and the Arawak language. Spanish is a modern influence.

Papiamento can easily be compared and linked with other Portuguese creoles, especially the African ones (namely Forro, Kriol and the Cape Verdean Crioulos). For instance, Compare Mi ("I" in Cape Verdean Creole and Papiamento) or bo (meaning you in both creoles). Mi is from the Portuguese mim (IPA: [mĩ], me) and bo is from Portuguese vós (you). The use of "b" instead of "v" is very common in the African Portuguese Creoles due to their relation with Northern Portugal dialects. Papiamento is, in some degree, intelligible with Cape Verdean creoles and it can be explained by the immigration of Portuguese Sephardic Jews from Cape Verde to these Caribbean islands.

Another comparison is the use of the verb "ta" from vernacular Portuguese "tá" (from "estar", to be) with verbs where Portuguese does and with others where it does not use it: "Mi ta + verb", also the rule in the Cape Verdean Creoles. These issues can also be seen in other Portuguese Creoles.

Venezuelan Spanish is a constant influence today. Many Papiamento speakers are also able to speak Dutch (the official language of the Dutch Caribbean), English, and Spanish.

Geographic distribution

Papiamento is the primary language spoken on the Caribbean islands of Aruba, Curaçao, and Bonaire. It is also well known by people in Saba, St Eustatius, and the Sint Maarten islands.

Dialects

Papiamento has three main dialects, one per island: Aruba, Curaçao, and Bonaire.

Sounds

Most Papiamento vowels are based on Ibero-Romance vowels, but some are also based on Dutch vowels like : ee, ui, ie, oe, ij, ei, oo, and aa.

Papiamento is a tonal language, which is unusual in creoles, and probably influenced by African tones. Tones in creoles can be also found in Saramaccan.

Grammar

Vocabulary

Most of the vocabulary is derived from Portuguese and Spanish, and most of the time the real origin is unknown due to the great similarity between the two Iberian languages and the adaptations required by Papiamento. Linguistic studies have shown that roughly two thirds of the words in Papiamento's present vocabulary are of Spanish or Portuguese origin, a quarter are of Dutch origin, and the rest come from other tongues.

Examples of words that can be impossible or where the determination is very difficult:

Por fabor = Please - Portuguese/Spanish por favor
Señora = Mrs, Madam, - Portuguese Senhora, Spanish Señora
Cua? = Which? - Portuguese, Qual; Spanish, Cual
Cuanto? = How much? - Portuguese, Quanto; Spanish, Cuanto

Meanwhile the existence of a final vowel [u] can easily be traced to Portuguese, and a diphthongization in some vowels can easily be traced to Spanish. The \b\ sound and "ñ" character can mislead an untrained observer; also a sound-shift could occur in direction to Spanish, because this language is of a later influence than Portuguese.

Other words can have dual origin, and certainly dual influence. For instance: Subrino (nephew); in Portuguese is Sobrinho while in Spanish is Sobrino. The pronunciation of \u\ in the "su-" is traceable to Portuguese, while \n\ in "-no", can be traceable to Spanish.

Portuguese origin words:

sapatu = shoes - Portuguese, sapato, Spanish, zapato
cacho = dog - Portuguese, cachorro (dog), Spanish, perro
bisiña = neighbour - Portuguese, vizinho, vizinha, Spanish, vecino, vecina

Spanish origin words:

siudat = city - Spanish, ciudad
sombré = hat - Spanish, sombrero
karsón = trousers - Spanish, calzón

Dutch origin words:

apel = apple - Dutch, appel
blou = blue - Dutch, blauw
buki = book - Dutch, boek

Writing system

There are two orthographies: a more phonemic one called Papiamentu (in Curaçao and Bonaire), and one resembling Spanish (in Aruba).

Examples

Phrase samples

Bonbiní! = Welcome!, Portuguese Bem vindo, Spanish, bienvenido)
Bon dia = Good morning, Portuguese Bom dia; Spanish Buenos dias
Bon tardi = Good evening, Portuguese Boa tarde, Spanish buenas tardes
Bon nochi = Good night (Portuguese, Boa noite; Spanish, Buenas noches)
Kon ta bai? or Kon ta ku bida? = How are you? or How is life?, Portuguese, Como vai?/Como está com a vida?; ta is the vernacular Portuguese of verb to be, 'tá insted of está, Spanish ¿Cómo te va?)
Mi ta bon, danki = I am fine, thank you, vernacular Portuguese, Eu (mim) (es)tou bom/bem, and Dutch Dank u
Tur kos ta bon = everything is good, Portuguese tudo está bem (bom)
Hopi bon or Tremendo = very good
Trankilo = calm, everything is OK, Portuguese/Spanish, tranquilo
Hopi kalor = very hot/warm, Portuguese/Spanish calor/caliente
Kon yama bo? or Kon ta bo nomber? = What's your name?, Portuguese Como você se chama? / Como te chamas?
Mi yama Raul or Mi nomber ta Raul = My name is Raul, Portuguese, Me Chamo Raul / Meu nome é Raul; Spanish, Mi nombre es Raul
Di unda bo ta bini? = Where are you from?, Portuguese, De onde você vem?
Mi ta bini di… = I am from…, Portuguese Eu venho de…
Mi ta biba na… = I live in…, Portuguese Eu vivo na…
Por fabor = Please, Portuguese/Spanish por favor
Masha danki = Thank you very much, Dutch, Dank u
Di nada = You're welcome, Portuguese/Spanish De nada
Homber = Male, Portuguese, Homem; Spanish Hombre
Muhé = Female, Portuguese Mulher; Spanish Mujer
Si = Yes, Spanish Sí; Portuguese Sim
No = No, Spanish No; Portuguese Não
Ainda no = Not yet, Portuguese Ainda não
Ayó! = Goodbye!, Portuguese Adeus; Spanish Adiós
Te otro biaha! = See you later!, Portuguese Até outro dia
Te oro = See you later!
Mi ta sintibo falta! = I miss you!, Portuguese Eu (mim) sinto vossa falta!, Spanish me haces falta
Mi ta stimabo = I love you, Portuguese Eu (te) estimo (você) / Eu te amo
Awo = Now, Portuguese Agora; Spanish Ahora
Ayera = Yesterday, Spanish Ayer
Mi tin hamber = I am hungry, from Spanish tengo hambre
Mi tin set = I am thirsty, Spanish tengo sed, Portuguese Eu tenho sede
Laganos ban sali! = Let's go out!, Spanish ¡Vamos a salir!
Te mayan!, Te aworo!(Te'woro), Te despues! = See you!, bye!, Portuguese Até amanhã, Até logo, Até depois)
Masha pabien = Happy birthday!, Portuguese Muitos parabéns!
Bon Aña = Happy new year!, Portuguese Feliz ano novo or Bom ano; Spanish Feliz año nuevo
Bon pasku! = Happy Easter!, Portuguese, Boa Páscoa
No lubidá! = Don't forget!, Spanish, No olvides
Korda skibimi bek masha lihe! = Write me as soon as possible!
Mener = Mister, Portuguese Senhor; Spanish Señor; Dutch Meneer
Señora = Mrs, Madam, Portuguese Senhora, Spanish Señora
Jufrouw = Miss, Ms., Dutch, juffrouw
Mi number di telefon ta… = my phone number is…, Spanish Mi número de teléfono es…
Bel mi = Call me (by telephone)

Social Relationships

Mayornan = parents
Papa, tata = father
Mama, = mother
Welo, padushi = grandfather (Spanish, Abuelo)
Wela, madushi = grandmother (Spanish, Abuela)
Omo (Aruba) = uncle (Dutch, Oom)
Tio (Curaçao and Bonaire) = uncle (Spanish, Tio)
Tanta (Aruba) = aunt (Dutch, Tante)
Tia (Curaçao and Bonaire) = aunt (Spanish, Tia)
Homber = man
Muhé = woman (Spanish, mujer, Portuguese, Mulher)
Yiu homber = son
Yiu muhé = daughter
Muchanan = children
Mucha homber = boy
Mucha muhé = girl
Ruman homber = brother
Ruman muhé = sister
Rumannan = brothers & sisters
Subrino = nephew (Portuguese, Sobrinho; Spanish, Sobrino)
Subrina = niece (Portuguese, Sobrinha; Spanish, Sobrina)
Primo, prima = cousin (Portuguese/Spanish, Primo, Prima)
Padrastro = step father (same has Portuguese)
Madrastra = step mother (same has Portuguese)
Yiu homber di afó = step son
Yiu mohe di afó = step daughter
Padrino = godfather
Padrina = godmother
Iha = godchild
Nieto = grandson (Spanish, nieto)
Nieta = grand daughter (Spanish, nieta)
Kasà = husband, wife
Amigo,amiga = friend (Portuguese/Spanish, Amigo, Amiga)
Bisiña = neighbour (Portuguese, Vizinho, Vizinha, Spanish, vecino)
Enemigo/a = enemy (Spanish, enemigo/a, Portuguese, Inimigo/a)

Fruits & vegetables

anasa = pineapple (Portuguese/Spanish, Ananás, Dutch Ananas)
apelsina = orange (Dutch, sinaasappel)
apel = apple (Dutch, appel)
arbei = strawberry (Dutch, aardbei)
awakati = avocado (Spanish, aguacate, Portuguese, abacate)
bakoba = banana
batata = potato (Portuguese/Spanish, batata)
batata dushi = sweet potato
bonchi = beans (Dutch, bonen)
dadel = date, fruit of palmtree
dreif = grape (Dutch, druif)
flor = flower (Portuguese/Spanish, flor)
guyaba = guava (Spanish, guayaba)
boonchi wowo preto = black-eyed beans (boonchi from Dutch, boontjes, wowo derived from African wo and pretu from Portuguese preto, black)
koko = coconut (Portuguese, côco; Spanish, coco)
kokou = cocoa (Spanish, cacao)
kolo = cabbage (Spanish, col, Dutch, kool)
komkomber = cucumber (Dutch, komkommer)
konoflo = garlic (Dutch, knoflook)
lamunchi = lemon (Spanish, limón, Portuguese, limão)
maishi = corn (Spanish, maiz)
oleifi = olives (Dutch, olijven)
palma = palm (Spanish, palma)
palu = tree (Spanish, palo, woodstick)
patia = watermelon
pampuna = pumpkin (Dutch, pompoen)
peer = pear (Portuguese/Spanish, pera)
pepita = kernel, seed
pitipois = peas
plum = plum (Dutch, pruim)
prei = leek (Dutch, prei)
preimu = prune
selder = celery (Dutch, selderij)
siboyo = onion (Portuguese, cebola; Spanish, cebolla)
siboyo chikito = small onion / shallot (Portuguese, cebolo, Spanish cebolla chiquita)
spinazi = spinach (Dutch, Spinazie)
salada = lettuce (From Portuguese, salada)
tomati = tomato (Portuguese/Spanish, tomate, Dutch tomaat)
wortel = carrot
yambo = okra, gumbo
yerba = grass (Portuguese, erva, Spanish, hierba)
yerb'i hole = basil (Dutch, basilicum)

Food and beverages

arepa = cornbread
aros = rice (Portuguese & Spanish, arroz)
ayaka = indian pie
beleg = cold cuts (Dutch, beleg)
bolo = cake (From Portuguese, bolo)
chukulati = chocolate (Portuguese & Spanish chocolate, in Portuguese the * chupa bebe = Arubian lollypop
eis = ice (Dutch, ijs)
funchi = maize meal like polenta
karni = meat (Portuguese & Spanish, carne)
keshi = cheese (Portuguese, queijo, Spanish, queso)
klabo = clove
komino = cumin
kroket = croquette
limunada, refresko= soft drink (Portuguese, limonada, refrescoSpanish, refresco)
mangel = sweets/ candy
manteka = butter (Portuguese, manteiga, Spanish, mantequilla)
mondongo = tripe (Dutch, pens)
pan = bread (Portuguese Pão, Spanish pan)
pastechi = pie, pastry
pika = pepper (Portuguese, pimenta, Spanish, pimienta, pica=hot,pricks)
pimenta = pepper, chili
piska = fish
ponche crema = eggyolk (Spanish, ponche, punch, crema, cream)
promenton = paprika
salu = salt (Portuguese & Spanish, sal)
sopi di yuana = iguana soup (Portuguese/Spanish, sopa de iguana)
suku = sugar (Spanish, azúcar)
webu = egg (Spanish, huevo)
yambo = okrasoup

awa = water (Portuguese & Spanish agua)
biña blanku = white wine (Spanish, vino blanco)
biña kora = red wine (Spanish, vino, wine, colorado, red)
bibida sterki = alcoholic beverages (sterki from Dutch, sterk, strong)
bitter = drink, shot
kofi = coffee (Dutch, koffie)
lechi = milk (Portuguese: leite,Spanish, leche)
serbes = beer (Dutch, bier)
te = tea (Spanish, té)

Human body

ariba bo wowo = eyelid
barba = beard (Portuguese, barba)
bariga = belly (Portuguese, barriga)
bel = thigh
bena, ader = artery (Portuguese, veia)
boca = mouth (Portuguese, boca)
brasa = arm (Portuguese, braço)
cuero, kutis = skin
dede = finger (Portuguese, dedo)
dede de pia = toe (Portuguese, dedo do pé)
djente = tooth (Portuguese, dente)
djente di wowo = incisor
dolo = penis
frente = temple, forehead (Portuguese, frente, testa)
garganta = throat (Portuguese, garganta)
higra = lever
hilchi = heel
hunja = nail (Portuguese, unha)
kabei = (a) hair (Portuguese, cabelo)
kabes = head (Portuguese, cabeça)
kachete = chin
kampana = adam's apple
kara = face (Portuguese, cara)
kauchi = cheeck
kokodek = armpit
korason = heart (Portuguese, coração)
kurpa = body (Portuguese, corpo)
kustia = heup
las = inner thighs
lenga = tongue (Portuguese, língua)
lep = lip
lomba = back (Portuguese, lombo, costas)
lombrishi = navel, bellybutton (Portuguese, umbigo)
man = hand (Portuguese, mão)
mustashi = moustache
nanishi = nose (Portuguese, nariz)
nek = neck
oreya = ear (Portuguese, orelha)
pecho = breast (Portuguese, peito)
pia = foot, leg (Portuguese, pé, leg is perna)
pulmon = long (Portuguese, pulmão)
punta di tete = nipple (Portuguese, (ponta da) teta, mamilo)
repchi = rib
rion = kidney (Portuguese, rim)
rudia = knee
sanger = blood (Portuguese, sangue)
sanka = behind, ass
skupi'dios = spit (Portuguese, escupir)
spier = muscle
tete = tit (Portuguese, teta)
tino = brain (Portuguese, tino - have brains - be smart, brain cérebro)
weso = bone (Portuguese, osso)
wimper = eyelash
wowo = eye (Portuguese, olho)

Clothes

bistí = dress; clothes
bota, buts = boots
bril di solo = sunglasses
djoki = underpants
faha = belt
flus = costume
gesper = buckle
kamisa = shirt, undershirt
karson = pants
karson djabou = underpants, panties
mea = sock
panja = clothes
pidjama = pyjamas
sapato = shoe
saya = skirt
shal = shawl
shimis = dress
sombré = hat
yas = coat

Animals

baka = cow
bayena = whale
bichi = worm
buriko = donkey
cacho = dog
djaka = rat
dori = frog
elefanti = elephant
fruminga = ant
galinja = chicken
gai = rooster
kabai = horse
kabaron = shrimp
kabrito = goat
karne = sheep
kayman = cayman
kokodrilo = crockodile
kulebra = snake
koneu = rabbit
lagadishi = lizard
leon = lion
lora = parrot
makako = monkey
maribomba = wasp
muska = fly
parha = bird
pato = duck
piska = fish
porko = pig
prikishi = parakeet
pushi = cat, pussy
raton = mouse
raton di anochi = bat
sangura = mosquito
sekat = squid
sjoko = owl
tíger = tiger
tortuga = tortoise
tribon = shark
yuwana = iguana (large lizard)

Days

Djadomingo = Sunday (Spanish, dia, day and domingo, Sunday)
Djaluna = Monday (Spanish, lunes)
Djamars = Tuesday (Spanish, martes)
Djarason = Wednesday
Djaweps = Thursday (Spanish, jueves)
Djabierne = Friday (Spanish, viernes)
Djasabra = Saturday (Spanish, sábado)

Months

In Papiamento, month names are taken directly from Dutch:

Januari = January
Februari = February
Maart = March
April = April
Mei = May
Juni = June
Juli = July
Augustus = August
September = September
October = October
November = November
December = December

Numbers

un = one (Portuguese, um; Spanish, un/uno)
dos = two (Portuguese, dois; Spanish, dos)
tres = three (Portuguese, três; Spanish, tres)
kuater(Netherlands Antilles), cuatro (Aruba) = four (Portuguese, quatro; Spanish, cuatro)
cinco (Neth Antilles), cinco (Aruba) = five (Portuguese/Spanish, cinco)
seis = six (Portuguese/Spanish, seis)
shete = seven (Portuguese, sete; Spanish, siete)
ocho = eight (Spanish, ocho)
nuebe = nine (Portuguese, nove; Spanish, nueve)
dies = ten (Portuguese, dez; Spanish, diez)
diesun = eleven
diesdos = twelve
diestres = thirteen
dieskuater = fourteen
diessinku = fifteen
diesseis = sixteen (Spanish, dieciseis)
diesshete = seventeen (Spanish, diecisiete)
diesocho = eighteen (Spanish, dieciocho)
diesnuebe = nineteen (Spanish, diecinueve)
binti = twenty (Portuguese, vinte, Spanish, veinte)
bintiun = twenty one (Spanish, veintiuno)
trinta = thirty (Portuguese, trinta, Spanish treinta)
kuarenta = forty (Portuguese, quarenta; Spanish, cuarenta)
sinkuenta = fifty (Portuguese, cinquenta; Spanish, cincuenta)
sesenta = sixty (Portuguese/Spanish, sesenta)
setenta = seventy (Portuguese/Spanish, setenta)
ochenta = eighty (Spanish, ochenta)
nobenta = ninety (Portuguese/Spanish, noventa)
shen = one hundred (Portuguese, Cem; Spanish, Cien)
mil = one thousand (Portuguese/Spanish, mil)
un miyon = one million (Portuguese, milhão; Spanish, un millón)

Time

un djes = a while, in a while
awó = now
aworó = later
aworaki = right now!
nunka = never
tur ora, semper = always
kalke dia = someday
tin ora, tin biaha = sometimes
de bes en cuando = sometimes
mayoria biaha = most of the time
hopi biaha = often
ainda = still
atrobe, di nobo = again
un biaha mas = one more time
un ora = one hour
un or = one o'clock
dos or = tres or
dos ora = two hours
sinko pa dos = five to two
sinko pasa di dos = five past two
kuarto pasa di dos = a quarter past two
dos or i mei = two thirty
kuarto pa dos = a quarter to two
kuat'or en punto = four o'clock sharp
awe = today
awendia = nowadays
awemainta = this morning
awemerdia, awetardi = this afternoon
awenochi = tonight
manjan = tomorrow
ayera = yesterday
anteayera = day before yesterday
otromanjan = day after tomorrow
su dia siguente = the next day
e dia anterior = the day before
prome dia = the first day
mainta = in the morning, morning
merdia = noon
mardugá = midnight
dia = day
anochi = night, at night
siman = week
luna = month
anja = year
siglo = century

Numerals

prome = first
di dos = second
di tres = third
prome ku ultimo = last but one
ultimo = last
tur = all
tur kos = everything
kada = every
kada un = everyone
niun = none
algun = some
hopi = many, much
nada, niun kos = nothing
demasiado = too much
poko = few
un poko = a bit

Colours

bèrdè = green (Portuguese/Spanish, verde)
binja = purple
blanku = white (Spanish, blanco, Portuguese, branco)
blou = blue (Dutch, blauw)
bruin, maron = brown (Spanish, marrón, Dutch, bruin)
hel = yellow (Dutch, geel)
korá = red
lila = purple (Spanish, lila, Portuguese, lilás)
oranje = orange
preto = black
ros = pink (Portuguese/Spanish, rosa)
shinishi = grey
skur = dark (Portuguese, escuro; Spanish, oscuro)

Pronouns

ami, mi = I (Portuguese, Eu, mim, me)
abo, bo = you (Portuguese, vós, você, tu, ti)
e, = he, she, it (Portuguese, ele, ela)
anos, nos = we (Portuguese, Nós)
boso, bosonan = you (plural or polite) (Portuguese, Vosso)
anan, nan = they
-----------------------------
mi = my
bo = your
su = his, her
nos = our
boso = your
nan = their
-----------------------------
mi = me
bo = you
e = him, her, it
nos = us
boso = you
nan = them

Adjectives

abou = low
barata = cheap
bashí = empty
bibo = alive
bieuw = old
bobo = dumb
bon = good
bonita = beautiful
bruto = rude, rough
cayente = hot
chikito = small
ciego = blind
druk = busy
duro = hard, tough
dushi = nice, sweet
falso = false, fake
famoso = famous
fastioso = boring
felis = happy
fini = fine, delicate, thin
flako = thin, meagre
floho = lazy
fresko = fresh
frio = cold
fuerte = strong
gordo = fat, thick
grandi = big
habrí = open
halto = high
hancho = wide, broad
hundo = deep
jen = full
kansá = tired
karo = expensive
kens = stupid
kesha = horny
keto = quiet
kortiko = short
laf = dull
largo = long
leuw = far away
lihé = fast, quick, light
limpi = clean
mahos = ugly
malo = bad, ill
marga = bitter
meskos, igual = same
morto = dead
mudo = speechless, mute
muhá = wet
nechi = nice, neat
nobo = new
otro, diferente = different
pelon = bald, hairless
pertá = tight
pichiri = greedy
pika = piquant
pisá = heavy
poko-poko = slow
sabí = clever
salo = salty
saludabel = sane
seko = dry
será = closed
serka = near
skur = dark
slapi = weak
sordo = deaf
sterki = strong
straño = strange
sunú = naked
sushi = dirty
trankilo = tranquil

Interrogative and Indicative

kiko, ki = what? (ortuguese, quê; Spanish, que)
ken = who? (Portuguese, quem, Spanish, quien)
cua = which? (Portuguese, qual; Spanish, cual)
unda = where? (Portuguese, onde)
cuanto = how much? (Portuguese, quanto; Spanish, cuanto)
kon = how?
ki ora, cuando = what time, when? (Portuguese, quando; Spanish, cuando)
pakiko = why, what for?(Portuguese, porquê?, Spanish, ¿por qué?)
di kon = why, how come?
esaki = this
esakinan = these
esey = that
eseynan = those
e kos aki = this thing
e kos ey = that thing
aki, akinan = here
eynan = there
aya, ayanan = overthere
asi, asina = so, like that
e ora ey, ora = then
pasobra, ya ku = because
pesey = therefore, that is why

More words

awaseru = rain (Portuguese, aguaceiro/chuva, Spanish, aguacero/lluvia)
sneu = snow (Dutch, sneeuw)
mist = mist (Dutch, mist)
bientu = wind (Portuguese, vento, Spanish, viento)
ola = wave (Spanish ola)
nubia = cloud (Spanish, nube)
orkan = hurricane (Dutch, orkaan, Spanish, huracán)
welek (C+B), lamper (A) = lightning
bos (C+B), donder (A) = thunder (Spanish, trueno)
laman, laman grandi = beach, ocean
playa, laman = beach (Dutch, strand, Spanish, playa)
santo = sand
tera = ground, country (from Portuguese, terra)
waf = port
brùg = bridge (Dutch, brug)
siudat = city (Spanish, ciudad)
volkan = volcano (Dutch, vulkaan')
seru = mount (Spanish, cerro)
ofisina di post = post office (Dutch, postkantoor)
ofisina di gobiernu = government office (Spanish, oficina de gobierno)
panaderia = bakery (Spanish, panaderia)
banko = bank (Portuguese/Spanish, banco)
kèts = sneakers
sapatu = shoes (Portuguese, sapato, Spanish, zapato)
saya = skirt (Portuguese, saia)
sombré = hat (Spanish, sombrero)
kamisa = shirt (Portuguese/Spanish, camisa)
dashi = tie
karsón = trousers (Spanish, calzón)
blusa = blouse (Portuguese/Spanish, blusa)
braziel = bra
stul = chair (Dutch, stoel)
mesa = table (Portuguese/Spanish, mesa)
kas = house (Portuguese/Spanish, casa)
kunuku = country side
bentana = window (Spanish, ventana)
porta = door (Portuguese, porta)
dak = roof (Dutch, dak)
kushina = kitchen (Portuguese, cozinha, Spanish, cocina)
muraya = wall (Portuguese, muralha, Spanish, muralla)
misa = church (Spanish, iglesia)
moskei = mosque (Dutch, moskee)
botika = drugstore (Portuguese/Spanish, botica)
skol = school (Dutch, school)
baranka = rock
boto = boat (Spanish, bote)
surfplank = surfboard (Dutch, surfplank)
velt = field (Dutch, veld)
barku = ship (Portuguese/Spanish, barco)
edifisio = building (Portuguese/Spanish, edificio)
hardin zologiko = zoo (Spanish, jardín zoológico)
hospital = hospital (Portuguese/Spanish, hospital)
bibliotek = library (Portuguese/Spanish, biblioteca, Dutch "Bibliotheek")
buki = book (Dutch, boek)
graf = grave (Dutch, graf)
santana = cemetery

External links

Papiamentu (http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=PAE): Ethnologue report on Papiamentu.
Papiamento – English Dictionary (http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/Papiamen-english/)
Newspaper from Aruba (http://www.diarioaruba.com/)
Papiamentu - history and grammatical features (http://www.bonaire.info/language/)
Papiamentu origins (http://home.mindspring.com/~johnqu/PAPIAMENTU.txt)ca:Papiamento

de:Papiamentu eo:Papiamento es:Papiamento fr:Papiamento id:Bahasa Papiamento nl:Papiamento pl:Papiamento tr:Papiamento

Retrieved from "https://academickids.com:443/encyclopedia/index.php/Papiamento"

Categories: Aruba | Languages of the Caribbean | Pidgins and creoles | Portuguese Creole