Missing imageCpimlposter.jpg is an informal name given to revolutionary
communist groups that were born out of the
Sino-Soviet split in the
Indian communist movement. The term comes from the
Naxalbari, a small village in West Bengal, where a leftist section of
CPI(M) led by
Charu Majumdar and
Kanu Sanyal led a militant peasant uprising in
1967, trying to develop a "revolutionary opposition" in order to establish "revolutionary rule" in India. Mazumdar greatly admired
Mao Zedong of
China and advocated that Indian peasants and lower classes must follow in his footsteps and overthrow the government and upper classes whom he held responsible for their plight. In
1967 'Naxalites' organized the
All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries (AICCCR), and broke away from
CPI(M). Uprisings were organized in several parts of the country. In
1969 AICCCR gave birth to
Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist). After the internal revolt led by Satayanarayan Singh in
1971 and the death of Majumdar in
1972, the movement was fragmented into many competing factions.
Practically all Naxalite groups trace their origin to the CPI(ML). A separate tendency from the beginning was the Maoist Communist Centre, which evolved out of the Dakshin Desh-group. (MCC later fused with (People's War Group) PWG for to form Communist Party of India (Maoist).) A third tendency is that of the Andhra revolutionary communists, which was mainly presented by UCCRI(ML), following the mass line legacy of T. Nagi Reddy. That tendency broke with AICCCR at an early stage.
Today some groups have become legal organisations participating in parliamentary elections, such as Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation. Others, such as Communist Party of India (Maoist) and Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Janashakti, are engaged in armed guerrilla struggles. Many groups combine both legal and illegal methods of work.
See Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) for a list of Naxalite groups.fr:Naxalite
