Guru Nanak
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Guru_nanak.jpg
Nanak married Sulkhni, of Batala, and they had two sons, Sri Chand and Lakhmi Das. He continued his religious pursuits as always. His brother-in-law, the husband of his sister Nanki, obtained a job for him in Sultanpur as the manager of the government granary. One morning, when he was twenty-eight, he went as usual down to the river to bathe and meditate. It was said that he was gone for three days. When he reappeared, filled with the spirit of God, he said, "There is no Hindu and no Muslim." It was then he began his missionary work.
Tradition states that he made four great journeys, traveling to all parts of India, and into Arabia and Persia; visiting Mecca and Baghdad. He spoke before Hindus, Jains, Buddhists, Parsees, and Muslims. He spoke in the temples and mosques, and at various pilgrimage sites. It was during this period that Nanak met Kabir (1441-1518), a saint revered by both Hindus and Muslims. Wherever he went, Guru Nanak spoke out against empty religious rituals, pilgrimages, the caste system, the sacrifice of widows, of depending on books to learn the true religion, and of all the other tenets that were to define his teachings. Never did he ask his listeners to follow him. He asked the Muslims to be true Muslims and the Hindus to be true Hindus.
After the last of his great journeys, Guru Nanak settled in the town of Kartapur (in Punjab) on the banks of the Ravi where he taught for another fifteen years. Followers from all over came to settle in Kartapur to listen, and sing, and be with him. During this time, although his followers still remained Hindu, Muslim, or of the religion to which they were born, they became known as the Guru's disciples, or sikhs. It was here his followers began to refer to him as teacher, or guru. It was here that the Guru told his followers that they were to be householders and could not live apart from the world—there were to be no priests or hermits. Here is where the Guru instituted the common meal; requiring the rich and poor, Hindu and Muslim, high caste and low caste, to sit together while eating. Here is where Lehna, later to be Guru Angad, came to be with Guru Nanak.
Just before Guru Nanak died, he called his disciples together and requested them to sing Sohila, the evening hymn. To satisfy both his Hindu and Muslim follower as to the funeral arrangements it is said he did not allow his body to remain behind.
See also
External links
- Biography of Guru Nanak, with Pictures (http://altreligion.about.com/library/weekly/aa120602a.htm)
- Max Arthur MacAuliff, The Sikh Religion, Vol 1, (The Life of Guru Nanak), Oxford University Press, 1909. (http://www.sacred-texts.com/skh/tsr1/index.htm)
- Eternal Glory of Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji (http://www.srigurunanaksahib.org)
- Video on Guru Nanak Dev Ji (http://www.sikhvideos.org/guru-nanak-nirankar.htm)
- Allaboutsikhs.com (http://allaboutsikhs.com/gurus/gurunanak.htm)
- SikhPhilosophy.Net - Redefining Sikh, Sikhi & Sikhism. Learn about Sikh Religion & History. (http://www.sikhphilosophy.net/)
- Sikhs.org (http://www.sikhs.org/guru1.htm)
- A wealth of information about Guru Nanak Dev Ji (http://www.info-sikh.com)
- Sikh-History.com (http://www.sikh-history.com/sikhhist/gurus/nanak1.html)
- JargSahib.com (http://www.jargsahib.com/GuruNanak.html)
Audio:
- Sikhifm.com (http://www.sikhifm.com/playlists/play4.htm)de:Guru Nanak
ja:グル・ナナク hi:गुरु नानक nl:Nanak nn:Guru Nnak nds:Nanak pl:Nanak fi:Guru Nanak sv:Guru Nanak zh:拿那克