May 19
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May 19 is the 139th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (140th in leap years). There are 226 days remaining.
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Events
- 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships, 110 men, and Chief Donnacona's two sons (whom Cartier kidnapped during his first voyage).
- 1536 - Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII of England, is beheaded for adultery.
- 1568 - Queen Elizabeth I of England has Mary Queen of Scots arrested.
- 1604 - The town of Montreal is founded.
- 1643 - Thirty Years' War: French forces under the duc d'Enghien decisively defeat Spanish forces at the Battle of Rocroi, marking the symbolic end of Spain as a dominant land power.
- 1649 - An Act declaring England a Commonwealth is passed by the Long Parliament.
- 1749 - King George II of Great Britain grants the Ohio Company a charter of land around the forks of the Ohio River.
- 1780 - Never-explained complete darkness falls on Eastern Canada and the New England area of the United States at 2 pm.
- 1802 - The Légion d'Honneur is founded by Napoleon Bonaparte.
- 1828 - U.S. President John Quincy Adams signs the Tariff of 1828 into law, protecting wool manufacturers in the United States.
- 1848 - Mexican-American War: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo – Mexico ratifies the treaty thus ending the war and ceding California, Nevada, Utah and parts of five other modern-day U.S. states to the USA for USD $15 million.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Spotsylvania Court House ends.
- 1897 - Oscar Wilde is released from Reading Gaol.
- 1919 - In Turkey, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk moves to Samsun from Istanbul with a few followers, to oppose the Ottoman government, which eventually leads to the Turkish War of Independence.
- 1921 - The Emergency Quota Act passes the U.S. Congress establishing national quotas on immigration.
- 1922 - Young Pioneer organization of the Soviet Union is established.
- 1932 - The gangster film Scarface: The Shame of a Nation opens at the Rialto Theater in Los Angeles, California.
- 1943 - World War II: British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt set Monday, May 1, 1944 as the date for the cross-English Channel landing (D-Day would later be delayed over a month due to bad weather).
- 1961 - Venera program: Venera 1 becomes the first man-made object to fly-by another planet by passing Venus (the probe had lost contact with Earth a month earlier and did not send back data).
- 1962 - A birthday salute to U.S. President John F. Kennedy takes place at Madison Square Garden, New York. The highlight is Marilyn Monroe's infamous rendition of Happy Birthday. Thirty-four years later, John F. Kennedy, Jr. had actress Drew Barrymore pose as Monroe for the cover of George magazine with the heading "Happy Birthday, Mr. President" in honor of then-President Bill Clinton turning 50.
- 1964 - Vietnam War: The United States Air Force begins Operation Yankee Team.
- 1965 - Tui Malila, the oldest living tortoise or living creature ever, dies in Tonga at the age of either 188 or 192.
- 1971 - Mars probe program: Mars 2 is launched by the Soviet Union.
- 1991 - Willy T. Ribbs becomes the first African-American driver to qualify for the Indianapolis 500.
- 2001 - One child policy: Zhonghua Sun is put to death by People's Republic of China government officials because she refused to be sterilized.
- 2005 - Clarence Richard Silva, Bishop-elect of Honolulu, retreats to Kalaupapa to pray at the onset of his episcopal ministry
Births
- 1744 - Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1818)
- 1762 - Johann Gottlieb Fichte, philosopher (d. 1814)
- 1773 - Arthur Aikin, English chemist, mineralogist and scientific writer (d. 1854)
- 1795 - Johns Hopkins, philanthropist (d. 1873)
- 1827 - Paul-Armand Challemel-Lacour, French statesman (d. 1896)
- 1861 - Dame Nellie Melba, Australian opera singer (d. 1931)
- 1870 - Albert Fish, serial killer (d. 1936)
- 1874 - Gilbert Jessop; English cricketer, known as fastest-scoring batsman of all time (d. 1955).
- 1879 - Nancy Astor, first woman to sit in British House of Commons (d. 1964)
- 1880 - Sir Albert Richardson, architect (d. 1964)
- 1882 - Mohammed Mossadegh, Iranian prime minister (d. 1967)
- 1890 - Mário de Sá Carneiro, Portuguese poet (d. 1916)
- 1890 - Ho Chi Minh, Vietnamese leader (d. 1969)
- 1891 - Oswald Boelcke, World War I fighter ace (d. 1916)
- 1897 - Frank Luke, World War I fighter ace (d. 1918)
- 1906 - Gerd Bucerius, publisher and publicist (d. 1995)
- 1908 - Percy Williams, Canadian athlete (d. 1982)
- 1909 - Bruce Bennett, actor
- 1914 - Go Seigen, Go player
- 1914 - Max Perutz, molecular biologist (d. 2002)
- 1921 - Karel van het Reve, Dutch writer (d. 1999)
- 1921 - Yuri Kochiyama, civil rights activist
- 1924 - Sandy Wilson, British composer
- 1925 - Malcolm X, civil rights activist (d. 1965)
- 1925 - Pol Pot, Khmer Rouge leader(d. 1998)
- 1926 - Peter Zadek, film and theatre director
- 1930 - Lorraine Hansberry, playwright (d. 1965)
- 1931 - Eric Tappy, Swiss tenor
- 1933 - Gordon Adelman, Attorney, Book Dealer
- 1934 - Jim Lehrer, journalist, co-anchor
- 1939 - Dick Scobee, astronaut (d. 1986)
- 1939 - Livio Berruti, Italian athlete
- 1939 - Nancy Kwan, actress
- 1941 - Nora Ephron, screenwriter
- 1942 - Gary Kildall, computer programmer (d. 1994)
- 1944 - Peter Mayhew, actor (Chewbacca)
- 1945 - Pete Townshend, guitarist, lyricist
- 1946 - André the Giant, wrestler (d. 1993)
- 1948 - Grace Jones, singer, actress
- 1949 - Archie Manning, American football quarterback
- 1951 - Joey Ramone (Jeffrey Hyman), American musician, vocalist with The Ramones (d. April 15, 2001)
- 1953 - Victoria Wood, British comic actress
- 1955 - Richard Dwan, Jr., film sound editor
- 1956 - James Gosling, the "father" of Java programming language
- 1962 - Mr. Blues, American musician (d. 2003)
- 1963 - Yazz (Yasmin Evans), UK singer
- 1973 - Dario Franchitti, automobile racer
- 1975 - London Fletcher, American football player
- 1976 - Kevin Garnett, basketball player
- 1977 - Chris Gould, IT professional
Deaths
- 804 - Alcuin, English monk (b. c. 735)
- 988 - Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 909)
- 1102 - Stephen, Count of Blois (b. c. 1045)
- 1125 - Vladimir Monomakh (b. 1053)
- 1296 - Pope Celestine V (b. 1215)
- 1536 - Anne Boleyn, queen of Henry VIII of England (executed)
- 1645 - Miyamoto Musashi, Japanese swordsman (b. c. 1584)
- 1715 - Charles Montagu, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1661)
- 1786 - John Stanley, English composer (b. 1712)
- 1795 - Josiah Bartlett, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1729)
- 1795 - James Boswell, Scottish biographer (b. 1740)
- 1821 - Camille Jordan, French politician (b. 1771)
- 1825 - Claude Henri de Rouvroy, Comte de Saint-Simon, French political philosopher (b. 1760)
- 1864 - Nathaniel Hawthorne, American author (b. 1804)
- 1885 - Peter W. Barlow, engineer (b. 1809)
- 1895 - José Martí, Cuban independence leader (b. 1853)
- 1898 - William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1809)
- 1904 - Auguste Molinier, French historian (b. 1851)
- 1907 - Benjamin Baker, English engineer (b. 1840)
- 1909 - Isaac Albéniz, Spanish composer (b. 1860)
- 1918 - Raoul Lufbery, American World War I pilot (b. 1885)
- 1935 - T. E. Lawrence, English soldier ("Lawrence of Arabia") (b. 1888)
- 1946 - Booth Tarkington, American novelist (b. 1869)
- 1954 - Charles Ives, American composer (b. 1874)
- 1958 - Ronald Colman, actor (b. 1891)
- 1969 - Coleman Hawkins, jazz musician (b. 1901)
- 1971 - Ogden Nash, American poet (b. 1902)
- 1983 - Jean Rey, President of the European Commission (b. 1902)
- 1984 - John Betjeman, English poet (b. 1906)
- 1987 - James Tiptree, Jr, science fiction author (b. 1915)
- 1989 - CLR James, writer and journalist (b. 1901)
- 1994 - Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy, First Lady of the United States (b. 1929)
- 1998 - Uno Sosuke, Japanese prime minister (b. 1922)
- 2000 - Yevgeny Khrunov, cosmonaut (b. 1933)
- 2002 - Walter Lord, writer
- 2002 - John Gorton, nineteenth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1911)
- 2003 - Erik Zimen, wolf researcher
- 2004 - Mary Dresselhuys, Dutch actress (b. 1907)
- 2005 - Henry Corden, voice actor, voice of Fred Flintstone (b. 1920)
Holidays and observances
- Feast day of the following saints in the Roman Catholic Church:
- Commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day in Turkey (1919)
External links
- BBC: On This Day (http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/19)
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