Macro-nutrient
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A macro-nutrient is a chemical of which relatively large quantities are essential to the growth and health of a plant.
There are three primary nutrients. The first is nitrogen, which is needed for vegetative growth. The others two, Phosphorus and potassium are most important for fruit and flower growth. The percentage of weight as packages of these three nutrients are listed on the front of all fertilizers in the United States, commonly refered to as "N-P-K".
Secondary nutrients consist of calcium, magnesium and sulfur.
Here is a list of the macro nutrients: Carbon (C), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Hydrogen (H), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Sulfur (S), Magnesium (Mg), and Calcium (Ca).