Kelvin
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| Conversion from | to | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| kelvins | degrees Fahrenheit | ?F = K × 1.8 − 459.67 |
| degrees Fahrenheit | kelvins | K = (?F + 459.67) / 1.8 |
| kelvins | degrees Celsius | ?C = K - 273.15 |
| degrees Celsius | kelvins | K = ?C + 273.15 |
| Note that for temperature intervals rather than temperature readings, 1 K = 1 ?C and 1 K = 1.8 ?F Additional conversion formulas Conversion calculator for units of temperature (http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/chemistry/general/units_en.html#temp) | ||
The kelvin (symbol: K) is the SI unit of temperature, and is one of the seven SI base units. It is defined by two facts: zero kelvins is absolute zero (when molecular motion stops), and one kelvin is the fraction 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water. The Celsius temperature scale is now defined in terms of the kelvin, with 0 ?C corresponding to 273.15 kelvins, approximately the melting point of water under ordinary conditions.
The kelvin is named after the British physicist and engineer William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin; his barony was in turn named after the River Kelvin, which runs through the grounds of the University of Glasgow.
| Contents |
Typographical conventions
The word kelvin as an SI unit is correctly written with a lowercase k (unless at the beginning of a sentence), and is never preceded by the words degree or degrees, or the symbol ?, unlike degrees Fahrenheit, or degrees Celsius. This is because the latter are adjectives, whereas kelvin is a noun. It takes the normal plural form by adding an s in English: kelvins. When the kelvin was introduced in 1954 (10th General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM), Resolution 3, CR 79), it was the "degree Kelvin", and written °K; the "degree" was dropped in 1967 (13th CGPM, Resolution 3, CR 104).
Note that the symbol for the kelvin unit is always a capital K and never italicised. There is a space between the number and the K, as with all other SI units.
Unicode contains a legacy code for a kelvin symbol (K) to accommodate some old code pages in certain Oriental languages; it is not recommended for use any more. In all languages, the symbol should be the Roman letter Unicode K for current usage.
Conversion factors
Kelvins and Celsius
The Celsius temperature scale is now defined in terms of the kelvin, with 0 ?C corresponding to 273.15 kelvins.
- kelvins to °C
- <math>\mathrm{K} - 273.15<math>
Temperature and energy
In a thermodynamic system, the energy carried by the particles is proportional to the absolute temperature, where the constant of proportionality is the Boltzmann constant. As a result, it is possible to determine the temperature of particles with a certain energy; or to calculate the energy of particles at a certain temperature:
- electron volts to kelvins
- <math>\mathrm{eV} \times 11,\!605<math>
- kelvins to electron volts
- <math>\frac{\mathrm{K}}{11,\!605}<math>
See also
- ITS-90 International Temperature Scale
External link
- BIPM brochure on the kelvin (http://www1.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter2/2-1/2-1-1/kelvin.html)
| Celsius | Fahrenheit | Kelvin | |||
| Delisle | Leyden | Newton | Rankine | Réaumur | Rømer |
| Conversion formulas | |||||