Iraqi Airways
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Iraqi Airways is an airline based in Baghdad, Iraq. It is the national airline and operates domestic and regional services. Its main base is Baghdad International Airport.
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History
Beginnings
Iraqi Airways was founded in 1945. The first planes used were Dragon Rapides. For the next fiscal decade, until 1955, these planes were alternated with Vickers Viscounts. By 1955, however, the Viscounts took over all of Iraqi Airways' services.
The 1960s arrived, and so did the jet age. Iraqi Airways was quick to modernize, buying Russian built Tupolev TU-124 planes as well as British built Tridents. These jets allowed Iraqi Airways to increase service across the Middle East, to Africa and Europe. During that time, cargo airplanes such as the Il-76 arrived.
During the 1970s, Iraqi Airways was granted a route to JFK International Airport in New York, and because of that, it needed a bigger jet, so it went to (then) Seattle based Boeing and bought 707 jets. Soon after, the Boeing 747 also arrived. In 1979, Saddam Hussein became president of Iraq, in a moment that would later prove to be a turning point for the airline.
Decline
Iraqi Airways kept flying during the 1980s to most cities where it had established routes to. The Iraq-Iran battle did little to undermine the airline's activities. Since Iraq's invasion in 1991 of Kuwait, Iraqi Airways has been grounded by the United Nations' sanctions against Iraq. Before the invasion started, Iraqi Airways had 17 jets, all of which were moved to secret locations, mainly in Jordan.
Through that ordeal, many of the airline's 800 employees stayed faithful, and their mechanics supposedly even owned Iraq's only jet engine, where they would practice in hopes the airline would someday need their services as much as it once did.
Because Iraqi Airways was allowed to fly domestically, it continued service to smaller cities, such as Basra. These restarted in January 1992 from Baghdad to Basra using Antonov An-24 aircraft. However, domestic flights became a rarity too, because of the No-Fly Zone imposed by the United States and United Kingdom over Iraqi skies. On occasions, Iraqi Airways would also fly pilgrims to Muslim religious cities during the '90s.
Revival
The interest on international flights was revived after the War in Iraq, but only after a long period of little domestic aviation activity. Eventually, the airline regained an international status so that it may begin negotiations with other countries for operating an international network.
On May 30, 2003, Iraqi Airways' management officially announced it plans to resume international service soon. Operations restarted on 3 October 2004 with a flight between Baghdad and Amman.
Iraqi Airways currently has contracts with Schabak and with Nostalgair to produce their airplane models. The airline's livery consists of an all white airplane's belly, but with a green cheatline and an aqua green scheme covering the top of their planes. The aqua color goes all the way to the end of the planes' tails. The tail logo consists of a green bird inside a white circle, with the name Iraqi Airways inscribed just below the circle, in white color and in Arabic. The same title is also inscribed over the passenger windows on the front part of the fuselage, using the same color but written in English.
Incidents and Accidents
Iraqi Airways has had, to date, ten air tragedies.
In 1986 a Boeing 737 of Iraqi Airways, flying from Saddam International Airport in Baghdad to Jordan, was attacked by terrorists. Although the plane tried to make an emergency landing in Saudi Arabia, the terrorists threw a bomb into the plane's cockpit, and its destruction caused the plane to crash resulting in the deaths of 61 of the 103 people on board. See also Iraqi Airways Hijacking.
Services
Iraqi Airways operates the following services (at January 2005):
The Boeing 767-200 is due to start services to Dubai soon.
Fleet
The Iraqi Airways fleet consists of the following aircraft (at January 2005):
The airline has orders for 5 Airbus A310-300 aircraft.
External links
- Unofficial page (http://www.al-airliners.be/d-j/iraqi/iraqi.htm)
- BBC news (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4609833.stm)
- A most comprehensive directory with addresses in Iraq, also contact details for Iraqi Airways (http://www.worldtourismdirectory.com/iraq)
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