Indian highways
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- For the highway in Australia, see National Highway (Australia).
"National Highways" in India is the class of roads maintained by the Central Government and is the main long-distance roadways. The NH's constitute about 58,000 km, ie around 2% of the total road network in India, but carries nearly 40 % of the total road traffic. The recently passed National Highways (Amendment) Bill, 1995, provides for private investment in the building and maintenance of these arteries of India. In the recent past, a number of new roads have been classified as NH's in a move to provide national connectivity to even remote places. In the recent past, a number of bypasses have been constructed for big and small towns and cities to provide uninterrupted passage for highway traffic. The varied climatic, demographic and traffic situation prevents these highways from having a uniform character. These may be six laned in some parts, to even non-metalled stretches in remote places. Many NH's are still under upgradation or even construction. There are long NH's to connect the metros together, as well as short shoots off the highway to give connectivity to the nearby ports or harbours. The longest NH is the NH7 which goes all the way from Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh to Kanyakumari at the southern most point of the Indian mainland, in Tamil Nadu covering a distance of 2369 km, and passing through the metros like Jabalpur, Nagpur, Hyderabad and Bangalore. The shortest NH is the NH47A, which is a 6 km stretch to the Ernakulam - Kochi Port.
India has a vast network of National Highways. India's highways connect all the major cities and state capitals. Most highways are 2 laned. In some more developed areas it may broaden to 4 lanes. Closer to big cities, highways can even be of 8 lanes. India has the distinction of having the world’s highest motorable highway connecting Leh to Simla in Ladakh, Kashmir.
All the highways are metalled. In most developed states the roads are devoid of potholes, however in less developed states and in sparsely populated areas, highways are riddled with potholes. Very few of India's highways are concretised, the most notable being the Mumbai-Pune Expressway.
Highways form the economic backbone of the country. Highways have facilitated development along the route and many towns have sprung up along major highways. Highways are dotted with local restaurants or inns popularly known as Dhabas. They are known to serve delicious local cuisine and also serve as trucker stops.
Under the former Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee, India launched a massive highway up gradation of highways call the Golden Quadrilateral Project where the main north-south and east-west connecting corridors between the 4 metropolitan cities were concretised into 4 lane highways. Work on it is currently in progress.
In ancient times the ruling monarchs had established brick laden roads in their cities. The most famous highway of medieval India was the Grand Trunk Road. The Grand Trunk Road begins in Sonargaon near Dhaka,Bangladesh and ends in Peshawar, Pakistan. It travels through important Indian cities en route such as Patna, Varanasi, Kanpur, Agra and Delhi. In the 19th century, the British upgraded the highway network along with building roads in treacherous terrains such as the Western Ghats.
See also
External link
- National Highway Authority of India (http://www.nhai.org)
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