Human rights law
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Human rights law is a system of laws, both domestic and international which is intended to promote human rights. Human rights law includes a number of treaties which are intended to punish some violations of human rights such as war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide. There are also a number of international courts which have been constituted to judge violations of human rights including the European Court of Human Rights and the International Criminal Court.
One concept within human rights law is that of universal jurisdiction. This concept, which is not widely accepted, is that any nation is authorized to prosecute and punish violations of human rights wherever and whenever they may have occurred.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a statement of human rights adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948. By itself it is a statement of principles widely understood to be asperational and its legal effect is primarily persuasive. A number of subsequent treaties give varying legal effect to some of its provisions.