Crime against humanity

A crime against humanity is a term in international law that refers to acts of murderous persecution against body of people, as being the criminal offence above all others. The term was first used in the preamble of the Hague Convention of 1907, and subsequently used during the Nuremberg trials as a charge for actions such as the Holocaust which did not violate a specific treaty but were deemed to require punishment.

The term has been criticized for being extremely vague and for being politically defined. For example, Nazi attempts to eliminate certain ethnic groups are widely recognized as having been crimes against humanity, yet Soviet and American persecutions of certain groups are not. The systematic persecution of African people by the South African apartheid government was recognized as a crime against humanity by the United Nations in 1966.

In its Article 7, the treaty establishing the International Criminal Court in 2003 says:

For the purpose of this Statute, "crime against humanity" means any of the following acts when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack: (a) Murder; (b) Extermination; (c) Enslavement; ... [1] (http://www.preventgenocide.org/law/icc/statute/part-a.htm#2)
Contents

List of alleged crimes against humanity in the 20th century

Crimes against humanity allegedly committed by Turkey

Alleged crimes against humanity during and related to World War II

Crimes allegedly committed by Axis powers

Crimes allegedly committed by Allied powers

Alleged crimes against humanity involving communist states or movements

Alleged crimes against humanity committed in Africa

  • 1899-1902 British concentration camps set up by Lord Kitchener in South Africa
  • 1904: The German colonial power struck down the uprising of the Herero and Nama in the territory today known as Namibia. Large numbers of the Herero and Nama died of dehydration, survivors were forced to heavy labour; 25,000 to 100,000 (probably 65,000) Herero and 10,000 Nama died
  • 1966: The systematic persecution of African people by the apartheid system in South Africa.
  • 1979-ongoing: Several million black Africans die in a tribal genocide in Sudan's Darfur.
    • 2003-2005: Over 2 Million Sudanese civilians in Southern Sudan and Darfur are slaughtered by Sudanese military and the government sponsored Janjaweed. Reported rape camps, mutilations and crucifixions in the area. 10,000 civilians are still murdered each month.
  • 1994: Rwandan Genocide: in a civil war between Hutu and Tutsi, est. 800,000 people die.

Alleged crimes against humanity involving the Jews

Alleged crimes against humanity involving chemical weapons

Alleged Crimes against humanity committed by the United States and its client states

Other alleged crimes against humanity

See also

External links

fr:Crime contre l'humanité ja:人道に対する罪 pl:Zbrodnia przeciwko ludzkości

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