Duke of Argyll
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The title Duke of Argyll was created in the peerage of Scotland in 1701 and in the peerage of the United Kingdom in 1892.
The Duke holds several subsidiary titles, including: Marquess of Kintyre and Lorne (1701), Earl of Argyll (1457), Earl Campbell and Cowall (1701), Viscount Lochow and Glenyla (1701), Lord Campbell (1445), Lord Lorne (1470), Lord Kintyre (1626), Lord Inverary, Mull, Mover and Tiry (1701), Baron Sundridge (1766) and Baron Hamilton of Hameldon (1776). The courtesy title for the Duke's eldest son and heir is Marquess of Kintyre and Lorne.
The Duke of Argyll is also the chief of the Scottish clan of Campbell and in this capacity is known as "MacCailean Mor", which is Gaelic, for "Son of Colin the Great" referring to Cailein Mor of Lochawe (Colin of Lochow) who was killed in fighting with the Lord of Lornin 1294.
Sir Colin of Lochow, was knighted in 1280 and his descendant Sir Duncan was created a peer by James II of Scotland in 1445 becoming Duncan Campbell of Lochow, Lord of Argyll, Knight, 1st Lord Campbell. Colin Campbell (c.1433-1493) succeeded his grandfather as the 2nd Lord Campbell in 1453 and was created Earl of Argyll in 1457.
The 8th Earl of Argyll was created a marquess in 1641, when Charles I visited Scotland and attempting to quell rising the political crisis. With Oliver Cromwell's victory in England, the marquess became the effective ruler of Scotland. Upon the restoration, the marquess offered his services to King Charles II but was charged with treason and executed in 1661. His lands and titles were forfeited but were restored to his son in 1663, Archibald, who became the 9th Earl of Argyll. In 1685 the 9th Earl was executed for his part in the Monmouth rebellion.
On the June 21, 1701 the 9th Earl's son was created Duke of Argyll, Marquess of Kintyre and Lorne, Earl of Campbell and Cowal, Viscount of Lochow and Glenyla, Baron Inverary, Mull, Morvern, and Tiree for his services to William of Orange. His son, the 2nd Duke, was created Baron Chatham and Earl of Greenwich in 1705 as a reward for his support for the Act of Union and further elevated to the title Duke of Greenwich in 1719. Upon his death his Scottish titles passed to his brother and the English titles became extinct.
The 5th Duke sat as a member of parliament for Glasgow until his father's accession to the Dukedom in 1761 disqualified him from representing a Scottish seat. He then became the member for Dover until 1766, when he was created as Baron Sundridge and obtained the right to sit in the House of Lords.
In April 17, 1892, the 8th Duke was created Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Thus, the Duke is one of the only five people to hold two different dukedoms, the others being the Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay, the Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry, the Duke of Hamilton and Brandon, and the Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon.
In the late 19th century the then current Duke of Argyll visited America, and more notably visited Babylon, Long Island, New York. While there, he stayed at the American Hotel situated in the main square of the village. The town's people took a liking to the duke, and festivals and parades took place while he visited there. Just before the turn of the century (1900) the township of Babylon renamed the Bythbourne Lake/Park to Argyle Lake/Park (Argyll evolved to the currently accepted Argyle) in memory of the duke's visit.
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Lords Campbell (1445)
- Duncan Campbell, 1st Lord Campbell (d. 1453)
- Colin Campbell, 2nd Lord Campbell (c. 1433–1493) (became Earl of Argyll in 1457)
Earls of Argyll (1457)
- Colin Campbell, 1st Earl of Argyll (c. 1433–1493)
- Archibald Campbell, 2nd Earl of Argyll (d. 1513 )
- Colin Campbell, 3rd Earl of Argyll (c. 1486–1529)
- Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll (c. 1507–1558)
- Archibald Campbell, 5th Earl of Argyll (c. 1537–1573)
- Colin Campbell, 6th Earl of Argyll (c. 1541/1546–1584)
- Archibald Campbell, 7th Earl of Argyll (c. 1576–1638)
- Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll (c.1598–1661) (forfeit 1661)
- Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll (c. 1629–1685) (restored 1663)
- Archibald Campbell, 10th Earl of Argyll (1658–1703) (became Duke of Argyll in 1701)
Dukes of Argyll (1701)
- Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll (1658–1703)
- John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, 1st Duke of Greenwich (1680–1743)
- Archibald Campbell, 3rd Duke of Argyll (1682–1761)
- John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll (1693–1770)
- John Campbell, 5th Duke of Argyll (1723–1806)
- George William Campbell, 6th Duke of Argyll (1768–1839)
- John Douglas Edward Henry Campbell, 7th Duke of Argyll (1777–1847)
- George Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll (1823–1900) (became Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the UK in 1892)
- John George Edward Henry Douglas Sutherland Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll (1845–1914)
- Niall Diarmid Campbell, 10th Duke of Argyll (1872–1949)
- Ian Douglas Campbell, 11th Duke of Argyll (1903–1973)
- Ian Campbell, 12th Duke of Argyll (1937–2001)
- Torquhil Ian Campbell, 13th Duke of Argyll (b. 1968)
his son and heir-apparent: Archibald Frederick Campbell, Marquess of Lorne (b. March 9 2004)
Hereditary offices
- Master of the Royal Household in Scotland
- Admiral of the Western Isles
- Keeper of the Royal Castles of: Carrick, Dunoon, Dunstaffnage, Tarbert
- High Sheriff of Argyllshire
- Member Queen's Body Guard for Scotland