12 Victoria
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|
| Discovery A (http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iau/lists/NumberedMPs.html) | |
|---|---|
| Discoverer | John Russell Hind |
| Discovery date | September 13, 1850 |
| Alternate designations | B (http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iau/MPDes.html) |
| Category | Main belt |
| Orbital elements C (http://asteroid.lowell.edu/) Epoch July 14, 2004 (JD 2453200.5) | |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.221 |
| Semi-major axis (a) | 349.166 Gm (2.334 AU) |
| Perihelion (q) | 272.097 Gm (1.819 AU) |
| Aphelion (Q) | 426.234 Gm (2.849 AU) |
| Orbital period (P) | 1302.439 d (3.57 a) |
| Mean orbital speed | 19.50 km/s |
| Inclination (i) | 8.363° |
| Longitude of the ascending node (Ω) | 235.547° |
| Argument of perihelion (ω) | 69.747° |
| Mean anomaly (M) | 80.591° |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 112.8 km |
| Mass | 1.5×1018 kg |
| Density | 2 ? g/cm³ |
| Surface gravity | 0.0315 m/s² |
| Escape velocity | 0.0596 km/s |
| Rotation period | 0.3609 d 1 (http://www.astrosurf.com/aude-old/map_files/AstVarMAP01-2003.htm) |
| Spectral class | S-type asteroid |
| Absolute magnitude | 7.24 |
| Albedo | 0.177 2 (http://dorothy.as.arizona.edu/DSN/IRAS/IMPS/diamalb.html) |
| Mean surface temperature | ~187 K |
12 Victoria is a large Main belt asteroid. It is probably composed of silicate rock and nickel-iron.
It was discovered by J. R. Hind on September 13, 1850.
Victoria is officially named after the Roman goddess of victory, but the name also honours Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. The goddess Victoria (Nike for the Greeks) was the daughter of Styx by the Titan Pallas. The coincidence with the then-reigning queen's name caused quite a controversy at the time, and B. A. Gould, editor of the prestigious Astronomical Journal, adopted the alternate name Clio (now used by 84 Klio), proposed by the discoverer. However, W. C. Bond, of the Harvard College Observatory, then the highest authority on astronomy in America, held that the mythological condition was fulfilled and the name therefore acceptable, and his opinion eventually prevailed.
Radar and speckle interferometry observations show that the shape of Victoria is elongated, and it is suspected to be a binary asteroid. [1] (http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/asteroidmoonsq.html)
Victoria has been observed to occult stars 3 times.
| The minor planets |
| Vulcanoids | Main belt | Groups and families | Near-Earth objects | Jupiter Trojans |
| Centaurs | Trans-Neptunians | Damocloids | Comets | Kuiper belt | Oort cloud |
| (For other objects and regions, see: Binary asteroids, Asteroid moons and the Solar system) |
| (For a complete listing, see: List of asteroids. For pronunciation, see: Pronunciation of asteroid names.) |