Arctic and Alpine Habitats

Arctic and Alpine Habitats

Climate and Geography: The Arctic surrounds the North Pole and is cold, dark for much of the winter, and covered in snow and ice. Alpine habitats are found high up in mountains, where temperatures are cold and oxygen is thin.

Plant Life: Only the toughest plants grow here. These include mosses, lichens, dwarf shrubs, and wildflowers. Most grow low to the ground to avoid the wind.

Animal Life: In the Arctic, animals include polar bears, arctic foxes, seals, walruses, and snowy owls. Alpine areas are home to mountain goats, marmots, snow leopards, and eagles.

Adaptations: Thick fur or blubber helps animals stay warm. Some change color with the seasons, like the snowshoe hare. Many migrate or hibernate during winter.

Why They Matter: These habitats are sensitive to climate change. Melting ice threatens polar bears, and warming temperatures affect animals and plants adapted to cold.