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- Space exploration (14877 bytes)
1: ... race]] between the [[United States]] and the [[Soviet Union]].
4: ...outer-earth missions was no longer a dream, but a viable practice.
6: ...a full-size replica of the [[Apollo 11]] [[Saturn V]] rocket, the original [[Apollo program|Apollo]] ...
11: ...ly used is that space begins 100 km (62 miles) above Earth's surface. The United States sometimes use...
13: ... first orbital flight made by a human being was [[Vostok 1]], carrying [[Yuri Gagarin]] on [[April 12... - Cave (10592 bytes)
2: ...jpg|thumb|300px|The outside world viewed from a cave]]
3: ...aces like cliff cavities, rock shelters and sea caves.
5: ==Cave types and formation==
6: ... are formed by geologic processes. These may involve a combination of chemical processes, tectonic fo...
8: ===Primary caves=== - Byzantine Empire (29975 bytes)
7: ...l>Emblem of the [[Palaeologus]] dynasty, as preserved today at the entrance of the Ecumenical Patriar...
13: ... is permanently split into Eastern and Western halves, following the death of Theodosius I.
21: ...erals reconquer North Africa and Italy from the [[Vandals]] and [[Ostrogoths]].
24: | The [[Lombard]] invasion results in the loss of most of Italy.
27: | Arab armies conquer the Levant and Egypt. In the following decades, they take most of Nor... - Castle (27805 bytes)
1: ...ost), is a [[fort]], a [[camp]] and the logical development of a [[Fortification|fortified enclosure]...
5: ....jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Prague Castle Image provided by [http://classroomclipart.com Classroom Cli...
7: ...Castle found along the coast of Ireland. Image provided by [http://classroomclipart.com Classroom Cli...
8: ... specific purposes, or evolved into new purposes over time:
10: ...emost castles were places of protection from an invading enemy, a place of retreat. This can be seen ... - Tree (23723 bytes)
3: ...trees grow to 100 m tall, and some can live for several [[millennium|millennia]].
9: ...f type and shape, bark characteristics, reproductive structures, etc.
11: ...wering plant]]s and conifers. The listing below gives examples of many well known trees and how they ...
13: ...d or burned over periodically) is called a '''[[savanna]]'''.
16: ...e of ''phloem'' and other tissues external to the vascular cambium. - Carnivorous plant (44834 bytes)
1: ...A '''carnivorous plant''' is a [[plant]] that derives some or most of its
3: ...cially [[insect]]s and other [[arthropod]]s. Carnivorous plants usually
6: ...win]] wrote the first well-known treatise on carnivorous plants in 1875.
10: ... five basic trapping mechanisms exploited by carnivorous plants. These
13: ...y in a rolled leaf that contains a pool of digestive enzymes; - Francis Bacon (16741 bytes)
2: ...d '''Baron Verulam''' in [[1618]], and created '''Viscount St Albans''' in [[1621]]; both peerage tit...
4: ...m the natural world through experimentation, observation, and testing of hypotheses. In the context o...
8: He was the youngest of five sons of [[Nicholas Bacon|Sir Nicholas Bacon]], L...
10: ...College, Cambridge]], in 1573 at the age of 13, living for three years there with his older brother [...
14: ...med barren, disputatious, and wrong in its objectives. - Socrates (7975 bytes)
5: ... his wounded lover [[Alcibiades]], and probably saved his life; despite the objections of Alcibiades,...
7: ...ent all of his time on scientific research, but gave up on it when he came to see that it was ''philo...
9: ...uilty as charged, and sentenced to drink [[Cicuta virosa|hemlock]], which cost him his life.
11: ... strived for knowledge. Historical accounts from varied sources, while questionable, suggest that So...
13: .... Although no written accounts of his real life have been located, he is idolized by his disciples an... - Mars (27704 bytes)
1: ...ge:Mars.jpg|thumb|right|Mars, with polar ice caps visible.]]
4: ...are both small and oddly-shaped, possibly being captured [[asteroid]]s. The prefix '''areo-''' refers ...
11: ... Express Orbiter]], present measurements state a average methane concetration of about 10 [[Parts per...
13: ...tion tends to be accompanied by [[ethane]], while volcanic methane is accompanied by [[sulfur dioxide...
15: ...r-ice that were photographed by the Opportunity rover in 2004. - Colonial America (32872 bytes)
2: ...different reasons, and they created colonies with very different [[social]], [[religion|religious]], ...
4: ...s with the [[Kingdom of Great Britain|British]] government on issues of [[taxation]] and [[representa...
6: ==Motives for exploration and colonization==
9: ...of [[seafaring]] technologies needed to make long voyages across open water.
11: ...t. Within a few years, they had divided up lucrative [[South America|South]] and [[Central America]]. - Christianity (47078 bytes)
6: ...the term "Christ" to describe Jesus, which is derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] translation f...
8: ...anches, which split from one another in disputes over doctrine:
9: ...olicism]] (the largest single denomination, with over one billion adherents),
11: ...hools of thought, including [[Anglicanism]], [[Calvinism]], [[Lutheranism]], and [[Methodism]]).
14: ...r into [[heaven]], and that salvation is a gift given by the grace of God. - Allspice (3832 bytes)
2: ...a dioica.jpg|200px| This picture is missing]] | caption = }} -->
3: <!-- If you add picture, put it in the commons with name Pimenta dioica.jpg -->
6: {{Taxobox_divisio_entry | taxon = [[flowering plant|Magnoliophy...
16: ...eral spices, such as [[cloves]], [[pepper]], and even [[cinnamon]] and [[nutmeg]].
18: ...familiar red stuffing found in quality green [[olive]]s.) - Charles de Gaulle (41586 bytes)
22: | [[November 22]], [[1890]]
28: | [[November 9]], [[1970]]
34: | [[Yvonne de Gaulle]]
40: ... Gaulle''' ([[November 22]], [[1890]] – [[November 9]], [[1970]]), in [[France]] commonly refer...
42: ...nt in [[1944]]–[[1946]]. Called to form a government in [[1958]], he inspired a new constitutio... - Tycho Brahe (17516 bytes)
5: He is universally referred to as "Tycho" rather than by his ...
8: Tycho Brahe was born '''Tyge Brahe''', adopting the Latinised form Tycho at around age fifteen...
10: ...the command of Vordingborg Castle to which they moved, and where Tycho began a Latin education until ...
12: ...s de Sphaera, [[Apianus]]' Cosmographia seu descriptio totius orbis and [[Regiomontanus]]' De triangul...
14: ...nducted from a single location over a period of several years.'' -Tycho Brahe, [[1563]] (age 17). - Thomas More (15893 bytes)
2: ...usal to accept King [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]'s claim to be the supreme head of the [[Chur...
5: ...ome a "marvellous man". Thomas attended the [[University of Oxford]] for two years, where he studied...
7: ...but for the rest of his life he continued to observe many monastic practices, including self-punishme...
9: ...ion at a time when such learning was usually reserved for men.
12: ...gn diplomats, drafting official documents, and serving as a liaison between the king and his Lord Cha... - French Revolution (36529 bytes)
1: {{French Revolution}}
2: ...e in the popular imagination. It downplays the previous trend of absolutism and people as subjects an...
6: ''See main article [[Causes of the French Revolution]].''
8: ...d as power devolved from the monarchy to legislative bodies, the conflicting interests of these initi...
10: Certainly, causes of the revolution must include all of the following: - Stag Beetle (3702 bytes)
2: ...= [[Image:Vacalloria.jpeg|200px|Stag beetle]] | caption = }}
10: {{Taxobox_subclassis_entry | taxon = [[Pterygota]]}}
11: {{Taxobox_infraclassis_entry | taxon = [[Neoptera]]}}
12: {{Taxobox_superordo_entry | taxon = [[Endopterygota]]}}
13: {{Taxobox_ordo_entry | taxon = [[beetle|Coleoptera]]}} - Brown Pelican (2615 bytes)
2: ...= [[image: Brownpelican77.jpg|Brown Pelican]] | caption = }}
6: {{Taxobox classis entry | taxon = [[bird|Aves]]}}
17: ... lakes. After nesting, [[North America]]n birds move further north along the coasts in flocks, return...
19: ...se birds often travel in single file, flying low over the water's surface.
21: The nest location varies from a simple scrape on the ground on an isl... - Congress of the United States (41315 bytes)
3: ...tes House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] (the "[[Lower House]]") and the [[United Stat...
5: ...that approximately one-third of the terms expire every two years.
7: ...entatives. The Senate is not a mere "chamber of review," as is the case with the upper houses of the ...
13: ... Because terms are staggered, every state will have a ''junior'' and ''senior'' Senator.
15: ...elected to a four-year term. The states with the very small populations—smaller than the popul... - United States Senate (35505 bytes)
2: ...aties and make important appointments "with the Advice and Consent of the Senate" ([[Article One of t...
4: ... extensive than those of the House of Representatives (the "[[lower house]]").
6: ...national capital. The House of Representatives convenes in the south wing of the same building.
10: ...tutional Convention]] in [[1787]]; all states except [[Rhode Island]] agreed to send delegates. Many d...
12: ...cer to cool it (from the The House of Representatives)". <!--Sources are in references section-->
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