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- Plant (12870 bytes)
17: ** [[fern|Pteridophyta]] - "true" ferns
18: ** [[whisk fern|Psilotophyta]] - whisk ferns
21: ** †[[Pteridospermatophyta]] - seed ferns
22: ** [[Pinophyta]] - conifers
26: ** [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]] - flowering plants - Government (12596 bytes)
1: ...trate, whether over an area of land, a set group of people, or an association.
3: ==Definitions==
4: ...e government as the dominant decision-making arm of the state.
5: ...organization which controls a territory without defining laws would not be considered a government.
7: ...hbouring states and preventing the establishment of alternative governments within the country. - Tree (23723 bytes)
2: ...mage:coastredwood.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The [[conifer]]ous [[Coast Redwood]], the tallest tree specie...
3: ...es of trees grow to 100 m tall, and some can live for several [[millennium|millennia]].
5: ...e]]s). Trees also play an important role in many of the world's [[mythology|mythologies]] (see [[Tree...
7: ==Classifications==
9: ...Trees thus show a wide variety of growth form, leaf type and shape, bark characteristics, reproductiv... - Thomas Edison (20653 bytes)
3: ...principles of [[mass production]] to the process of [[invention]].
5: ...ompany]], which was a conglomerate of nine major film studios (commonly known as the Edison Trust).
7: ... were friends until Edison died. The [[Edison and Ford Winter Estates]] are now open to the public.
10: ...t. In 1811, three generations of Edison's took up farming near Vienna, Ontario. Among them was Samuel...
12: ...Port Huron, Michigan]], temporarily leaving his wife Nancy and children behind. - Animals (10378 bytes)
2: ..., including birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, fish and insects.
4: ==What are the Characteristics of Animals?==
6: ...ialized and organized into tissues, which in turn form organs and organ systems.
7: ...ly on ingesting other organisms or organic matter for sustenance.
8: ... from simple nerve nets in cnidarians (jellyfish, for instance) to complex brains in mammals. - Civilization (29205 bytes)
1: ...ings related to human [[society]]. The term comes from the [[Latin]] ''civis'', meaning "citizen" or ...
3: ... Incas," has become the most recognizable symbol of the [[Inca]] civilization.]]
5: ... nomadic groups and make their [[subsistence]] by foraging, hunting, or working small [[horticulture|...
7: ...eived as less exclusive and ethnocentric than the first. In this sense civilization is nearly synony...
9: ...eks." Additionally, it is used in this sense to refer to the potential [[global civilization]]. - Kiln (1778 bytes)
2: ...r [[cremation]] (at high temperature) and drying of [[tobacco]] leaves (at low temperature).
4: ...des of aluminium, magnesium and silica, which can form glass at high temperatures.
6: ...ation, and the ability to add fuel over a course of time. Care must be taken not to heat the kiln too...
8: ...ns were built up the side of a slope, such that a fire could be lit at the bottom, and the heat would... - Politics (7193 bytes)
2: ...''' is the process and method of making decisions for groups. Although it is generally applied to [[g...
4: ...ior and examines the acquisition and application of power, i.e. the ability to impose one's will on a...
6: One theorist, [[Harold Lasswell]], has defined politics as "who gets what, when, and how."
9: ...cial contract]] and would give up absolute rights for certain protections.
11: ...model goes a long way to illustrate the rationale for creating [[societies]] (polities). - Algae (8082 bytes)
1: ...wn_algae.jpg|300px|thumb|right|A seaweed on a California beach.]]
2: ...eral times in the early evolutionary history of life on earth.
4: ...rom photosynthesis as well as through the uptake of organic carbon either by [[osmotrophic|osmotrophy...
6: ...ria]], and so produce [[oxygen]] as a by-product of photosynthesis, unlike other, non-cyanobacterial ...
8: ...ances such as [[agar]] or fertilizer. The study of algae is called '''phycology''' or '''algology'''... - Carnivorous plant (44834 bytes)
1: ...lant''' is a [[plant]] that derives some or most of its
6: [[Charles Darwin]] wrote the first well-known treatise on carnivorous plants in ...
10: There are five basic trapping mechanisms exploited by carnivo...
13: ... trap prey in a rolled leaf that contains a pool of digestive enzymes;
14: *Flypaper traps, which trap prey using a sticky muci... - Cell (biology) (28190 bytes)
1: ...g|right|thumb|160px|Cells in culture, [[stain]]ed for [[keratin]] (red) and [[DNA]] (green)]]
2: ...s, such as bacteria, are unicellular, consisting of a single cell. Other organisms, such as [[human]]...
3: ... transmitting information to the next generation of cells.
5: ... The name was chosen by [[Robert Hooke]] because of the likeness he saw between [[cork (material)|cor...
8: ===Properties of cells=== - Microscope (8708 bytes)
1: ...by the naked or unaided [[eye]]. The [[science]] of investigating small objects using such an instrum...
3: ...ged image of an object placed in the focal plane of the lens(es).
7: ==Simple optical microscope==
8: ... objects for viewing is still found in the [[magnifying glass]], the [[hand-lens]], and the [[loupe]]...
11: ...r the [[eyepiece]] or ocular. Modern microscopes of this kind are usually more complex, with multiple... - Eukaryote (9230 bytes)
10: | bgcolor="lightblue" | [[Fungus|Fungi]]
17: ...he Greek ''eus'' or true and ''karyon'' or nut, referring to the nucleus.
19: ...xual reproduction]] via cell fusion, which is not found among prokaryotes.
25: ... membrane-bound organelles are ultimately derived from such vesicles.
27: ...the proteins may be further modified in stacks of flattened vesicles, called [[Golgi apparatus|Golgi ... - History of the United States (1865-1918) (52094 bytes)
2: ...[populism]] and the American [[labor movement]]. Finally, the era was capped by U.S. involvement in ...
7: ...rnment, established the conditions and procedures for reintegrating the southern states.
9: ...nforce the civil rights of the formerly enslaved African-Americans in the South.
11: ...al State governments or adequate protection for life or property now exist in the rebel States."
13: ...original [[Ku Klux Klan]], in 1866; but it lasted for only three years. - History of the United States (1918-1945) (54688 bytes)
3: ==Aftermath of World War I ==
5: [[Image:HowYaGonnaKeepEmDownOnTheFarm.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A 1919 sheet music cover...
7: ...rmers were needed to produce a greater harvest of food.
9: ...s the mood of the nation rejected Wilson's brand of interventionism.
14: ...a "return to normalcy" after the traumatic years of World War I. - Aristotle (37648 bytes)
1: [[Image:aristotle.jpg|right|framed|Aristotle (sculpture)]]
3: ...sigma;τοτέλης
4: ...e is often considered to be one of the two most influential philosophers in [[Western world|Western]]...
8: ...he writings of Plato and Aristotle form the core of [[Ancient philosophy]].
10: ...tific importance. Plato can be called, with qualification, an [[idealism|idealist]] and a [[rational... - John Locke (14749 bytes)
3: ...] and [[George Berkeley]]. Locke is perhaps most often contrasted with [[Thomas Hobbes]].
6: ...nder the undergraduate curriculum of the time. He found reading modern philosophers, such as [[Rene D...
8: ...ressed with Locke and pressed him to become part of his retinue.
10: ... impact that resonated deeply in Locke's writing of the Essay Concerning Human Understanding.
12: ... and prospered, crediting Locke with saving his life. - Evolution (27661 bytes)
1: ...t|frame|[[Charles Darwin]], father of the theory of evolution by [[natural selection]].]]
3: ...e in the frequency of [[allele]]s in a population from one generation to the next.
4: ... used more generally to refer to any [[process]] of change over time.
6: ...rift]] or changes in population structure ([[gene flow]]).
8: ...tant species share a common ancestor. It also is often used to describe the mechanisms through which ... - Pluto (planet) (26470 bytes)
1: ...order-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" style="float: right;" width=280px
5: ...font color="white">'''Brightness map of Pluto'''</font></small>
7: !bgcolor="#a0ffa0" colspan="2"| Discovery
9: !align="left"| Discovered by
12: !align="left"| Discovered on - Colonial America (32872 bytes)
2: ...t reasons, and they created colonies with very different [[social]], [[religion|religious]], [[politi...
4: ... of Great Britain|British]] government on issues of [[taxation]] and [[representation]].
6: ==Motives for exploration and colonization==
9: ...of the Renaissance led to the development of [[seafaring]] technologies needed to make long voyages a...
11: ... an effort of colonization and conquest. Within a few years, they had divided up lucrative [[South Am...
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