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- New Jersey (35646 bytes)
41: ...]] (the land that would become New Jersey) to two friends who had been loyal through the [[English Civ...
43: ...lish Crown and gave sanctuary to the King. It was from the Royal Square in St. Helier that [[Charles I...
45: ...was in the Hudson River region and came primarily from New England. The first permanent English settl...
63: ... However, by the close of the Civil War, several African-Americans in New Jersey were still in bondage...
70: ... two [[United States Senate|U.S. Senators]] are [[Frank R. Lautenberg]] (Democrat) and [[Jon Corzine]]... - Timeline of invention (28171 bytes)
6: * 2.4 MYA: [[Oldowan|Stone tools]] in [[Africa]]
8: ...YA: Controlled [[fire]] in [[Cradle of Humankind|Africa]]
26: * [[Cloth]] woven from [[flax]] fiber
112: * [[1589]]: [[Stocking frame]]: [[William Lee]]
134: ...quadrant]]: [[Thomas Godfrey (inventor)|Thomas Godfrey]] - List of inventors (14020 bytes)
12: *[[Manfred von Ardenne]], (1907-1997), [[Germany]]
53: ...acques Cousteau]], [[France]] — [[Aqua-Lung|aqualung]]
56: ...illiam Cullen]] — mechanical / chemical [[refrigeration]]
87: *[[Benjamin Franklin]], (1706-1790), [[United States|USA]] &mdas...
88: *[[William Friese-Greene]], (1855-1921) — [[cinematograph... - Pluto (planet) (26470 bytes)
120: '''Pluto''' is the ninth [[planet]] from the [[Sun]] in our [[solar system]]. Because Pl...
126: ...eone else did". Soon suggestions began to pour in from all over the world. Constance Lowell, [[Perciva...
128: ...tia Burney]], at the time an eleven-year-old girl from [[Oxford, England|Oxford]], [[England]]. Over t...
140: ...o speeds up due to the gravitational acceleration from the Sun, stays ahead of Neptune, and pulls ahea...
146: ...the case of Pluto, the star dimmed out gradually. From the rate of dimming, the atmosphere was determi... - 2006 (7939 bytes)
24: ...]]- [[NJ Transit]] takes over [[Clocker]] service from [[Amtrak]]
41: ...rnor [[John Rowland]] is scheduled to be released from the federal [[prison]] in [[Loretto, Pennsylvan...
73: ...ropean Constitution]] (although 2005 is possible, from statements made by minsters, 2006 is more likel...
74: ...rg]] is expected to release the [[Aqua (Mac OS X)|Aqua]] version of OpenOffice.org for [[Mac OS X]]. - Swimming (22854 bytes)
5: ...le]]s, and by kicking the legs to push water away from the body.
13: ...n side-to-side on most swimmers. This reduces the frontal cross-section, reducing drag further, and al...
15: ...he cube of the speed) of an equal amount of torso frontal area.
26: ...ed in [[1873]] by John Arthur Trudgen, copying it from [[Native American]]s.
33: ...ice, almost all freestyle events are swum using [[front crawl]]. Events are held at distances of 50&nb... - Caesar Augustus (50559 bytes)
16: ...he was to continue his education and gain loyalty from the Macedonian legions, while waiting to accomp...
23: ...ly. Octavian immediately dropped the "Octavianus" from his name, and referred to himself simply as Gai...
25: ...r’s will. Octavian, however, gained support from the masses and conflict between the two seemed ...
34: ...us. Antony had reached Gaul and gathered strength from the legions stationed there. Together with [[Ma...
38: ...spania and [[Narbonensis]] and Octavian received Africa, Sardinia and Sicily. This Second Triumvirate... - Hot spring (7271 bytes)
3: ... a place where warm or hot [[groundwater]] issues from the ground on a regular basis for at least a pr...
7: ...s it comes into contact with hot rocks. The water from hot springs in non-[[volcano|volcanic]] areas i...
11: ...ates|U.S. President]] [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt|Franklin D. Roosevelt]], who built the [[Little Whit...
15: ...y high [[mineral]] content, containing everything from simple [[calcium]] to [[lithium]], and even [[r...
21: ...e in size from the tiniest seeps to near geysers; from seeps like Fales Hot Ditch north of [[Bridgepo... - Aerobics (1214 bytes)
2: ...er in a group following an instructor or alone in front of the [[television]].
19: * [[Aqua-Aerobics]],
23: Apart from - Alchemy (42222 bytes)
8: ...ld and silver". The Arabic therefore could derive from a purely Greek word, not Coptic, and have been ...
11: ...f [[mysticism]] and [[magic (paranormal)|magic]]. From today's perspective, their endeavours and belie...
13: ...son to separate the chemical (material) dimension from the interpretive, symbolic or philosophical one...
17: ...uml;ve interpretations of some alchemists, or the fraudulent hopes fostered by others should not dimin...
19: ...istry, which provided a more precise and reliable framework for matter transmutations and medicine, wi... - Arsenic (12497 bytes)
146: ...nto the [[20th century]], as a [[pesticide]] on [[fruit tree]]s (resulting in neurological damage to t...
148: ... ingestion - directly or indirectly - of wood ash from CCA timber (the lethal human dose is approximat...
161: ...nic poisoning]] were somewhat ill-defined, it was frequently used for [[murder]] until the advent of t...
172: ...groundwater is of natural origin, and is released from the sediment into the groundwater due to the an...
176: ...e]][[sulfur|S]]As) is the most common [[mineral]] from which, on heating, the arsenic sublimes leaving... - Gold (24329 bytes)
151: ...t is attacked by [[chlorine]], [[fluorine]] and [[aqua regia]]. The metal occurs as [[gold nugget|nugget...
156: ... These colors are the result of gold's [[plasmon frequency]] lying in the visible range, which causes...
160: ...y, [[halogen]]s will chemically alter gold, and [[aqua regia]] dissolves it.
162: ...] and dissolves allowing the gold to be displaced from solution and be recovered as a solid precipitat...
179: *Since it is a good reflector of both infrared and visible light, it is used for the protect... - Iridium (10102 bytes)
169: ...idium cannot be attacked by any [[acid]]s or by [[aqua regia]], but it can be attacked by molten [[salt]...
171: ...t element known. However, calculations of density from the [[space lattice]] may produce more reliable...
182: ...red residue of dissolving crude [[platinum]] in [[aqua regia]] (a mixture of [[hydrochloric acid|hydroch...
189: ...ium. It is recovered commercially as a by-product from [[nickel]] mining and processing.
203: ...pniok.de/ir.htm Picture in the element collection from Pniok.de] - Nitrogen (10073 bytes)
39: ...phere. It [[condensation|condenses]] at 77 K and freezes at 63 K. Liquid nitrogen is a common [[cryo...
44: ... Liquid nitrogen is produced by [[distillation]] from [[liquid air]].
53: ...air'' or ''phlogisticated air''. That there was a fraction of air that did not support [[combustion]] ...
55: ...itric and [[hydrochloric acid]]s was known as ''[[aqua regia]]'', celebrated for its ability to dissolve...
60: ...t) and is acquired for industrial purposes by the fractional [[distillation]] of liquid air or by mech... - Osmium (11139 bytes)
150: ...ing [[iridium]]. However, calculations of density from the [[space lattice]] may produce more reliable...
152: ...]]s of osmium are +4 and +3, but oxidation states from +1 to +8 are observed.
162: ...]] in the residue of dissolving [[platinum]] in [[aqua regia]]. - Palladium (9737 bytes)
151: ...esembles [[platinum]] chemically and is extracted from some [[copper]] and [[nickel]] ores. It is prim...
172: ...America]]. He did this by dissolving the ore in [[aqua regia]], neutralizing the solution with [[sodium ...
178: ...mounts of the metal, fearing interrupted supplies from [[Russia]]. As prices fell in early [[2001]], F...
181: ... [[nickel]]-[[copper]] deposits found in [[South Africa]] and [[Ontario]] (the huge volume of ore proc...
183: ... producing palladium in reactors or extracting it from spent nuclear fuel, see [[Synthesis of noble me... - Platinum (10600 bytes)
166: ...cid]] but does dissolve in the mixture known as [[aqua regia]] (forming [[chloroplatinic acid]]). Common...
169: The name platinum mainly derives from the [[Spanish language|Spanish]] ''platina'' me...
175: ... member of the [[Royal Society]] he was prevented from publishing a reference to the unknown metal unt...
182: ...rnational des Poids et Mesures]] in [[Sevres]], [[France]]. A platinum-iridium cylinder serves to this...
192: ...producer of platinum group metals from its South African mines. It mines, processes, refines and marke... - Rhodium (8753 bytes)
141: ...not attacked by [[acid]]s and only dissolves in [[aqua regia]].
151: ...rude [[platinum]] ore that he presumably obtained from [[South America]].
153: His procedure involved dissolving the ore in [[aqua regia]], neutralizing the acid with [[sodium hydr...
156: ...gold]]. It is found in platinum ores and obtained free as a white inert metal which it is very difficu...
158: It is also possible to extract Rhodium from burned-out nuclear fuel, which contains a few p... - Ruthenium (10241 bytes)
160: ...|K]]. The [[oxidation state]]s of ruthenium range from +1 to +8, and -2 is known, though oxidation sta...
166: ...2</sub>S from [[oil refinery|oil refineries]] and from other industrial processes.
175: ...part of crude [[platinum]] that is insoluble in [[aqua regia]].
177: ...ude [[platinum]] from the [[Ural Mountains]] in [[aqua regia]]. Berzelius did not find any unusual metal...
179: ...solated element 44 (which he called ''vestium'') from platinum ores in 1807. However his work was nev... - Tantalum (11817 bytes)
145: | [[Hafnium|<sup>180</sup>Hf]]<br/>[[Wolfram|<sup>180</sup>W]]<br/><sup>180</sup>Ta
171: ...ic solutions containing the [[fluoride]] ion, and free [[sulfur trioxide]]. The element has a melting ...
178: .... Tantalum oxide is used to make special high [[refractive index]] [[glass]] for [[camera]] lenses. Th...
183: ...e level he could reach, and if he reached for the fruit, the branches moved out of his grasp. This was...
192: ...with tantalum oxide. Tantalum is also a byproduct from [[tin]] extraction.
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