Zhang Guotao
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Zhāng Guótāo (Traditional Chinese: 張國燾, Simplified Chinese: 张国焘, Wade-Giles: Chang Kuo-t'ao) (1897 - December 3, 1977) was a founding member and leader of the Chinese Communist Party in the late 1920s and 1930s.
Born in Pingxiang County, Jiangxi Province, Zhang was involved in revolutionary activities as a youth. Zhang studied Marxist thought under Li Dazhao while attending Peking University, and attended the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1921. After briefly contesting the leadership of the party with Mao Zedong in 1935 (the last time Mao's leadership was contested), Zhang Guotao fell from power and in 1938 defected to the Guomindang. After the defeat of the Guomindang in 1949 he went to exile first to Hong Kong, then to Canada.