Webvan
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Webvan was an online "credit and delivery" grocery business that went bankrupt in 2001. It is often considered one of the clearest examples of misapplying Internet technology to an existing form of business. It is also considered a classic example of a company trapped by sudden demands from venture capitalists for short-term profitability, instead of growth and market share.
Webvan was headquartered in Foster City, California, near Silicon Valley. It delivered products to customers' homes within a 30-minute window of their choosing. At its peak, it offered service in eight U.S. markets: San Francisco, San Diego, Los Angeles, Chicago, Seattle, Portland, Atlanta, and Orange County. The company had originally hoped to expand to 26 cities.
Webvan was founded in the heyday of the dot-com boom in the late 1990s, and its original investors encouraged it to build rapidly its own infrastructure to deliver groceries in a number of markets. The idea of online grocery shopping was sound, as established retailers have since proven with their own Web sites. The mistake Webvan made was trying to build everything on their own, instead of partnering with existing supermarket chains, wholesalers, or a network of small chains or independent grocers. Some journalists and analysts blamed this serious error of judgment on the fact that none of Webvan's senior executives (or major investors) had any management experience in the supermarket industry.
While Webvan was popular with consumers, the enormous amount of money spent on infrastructure far exceeded sales growth, and the company eventually ran out of money. For example: Webvan placed a $1 billion (USD) order with engineering company Bechtel to build its warehouses, bought a fleet of delivery trucks, purchased 30 Sun Microsystems Enterprise 4500 servers, dozens of Compaq Proliant computers and several Cisco Systems 7513 and 7507 routers, as well as more than 80 21-inch ViewSonic color monitors and at least 115 Herman Miller Aeron chairs (at over $800 each).
To the company's credit, as part of its shutdown process, all perishable food was donated to local food banks.
Webvan was not alone in trying to establish an online grocery business. For example, Sainsbury's attempted a similarly ambitious project in London, only to scale it down several years later.
See also
External links
- Archived versions of webvan.com (http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.webvan.com/) at the Internet Archive (to see the website, look for archives dated before November 1, 2001).
- Money magazine history of Webvan (http://money.cnn.com/2001/07/09/technology/webvan/)
- News.com history of Webvan (http://news.com.com/2100-1017-269594.html)