Vesica piscis
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FishFlesh.JPG
The vesica piscis (or icthys) is a symbol made from two circles of the same radius, intersecting in such a way that the centre of each circle lies on the circumference of the other. The name literally means the flesh of the fish.
The symbol is formed from the almond shaped area in the overlap between the circles, together with the upper arcs as far as the edges of a rectangle whose sides coincide with the widest points of the almond. The resulting figure looks both like a stylised fish, and a flattened greek alpha.
It was used by many mystical religions, such as that of Pythagoras, who considered it a holy figure. The mathematical ratio of its width (measured to the endpoints of the "body", not including the "tail") to its height was believed by such groups to be 265:153. This ratio, equal to 1.73203, was thought of as a holy number, called the measure of the fish. (The geometric ratio of these dimensions is actually the square root of 3, or 1.73205; 265:153 is the ratio of whole numbers under 1000 which most closely approximates this value.) The number 153 appears in the Gospel of John as the exact number of fish Jesus causes to be caught in a miraculous catch of fish, and is thought by some to be a coded reference to Pythagorean beliefs.
Other uses of the shape include that by some early religions of the almond shaped central area as a representation of the female genitals, and use of a similar fish symbol called the Ichthys by early Christians.