Upsilon Andromedae
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Template:Starbox short Upsilon Andromedae (υ And ) is a star, approximately 44 light-years from Earth, and approximately 3 billion years old, two thirds the age of our Sun. Viewed from Earth, υ Andromedae is in the Andromeda Constellation, and is about 10 degrees east of the Andromeda Galaxy.
υ Andromedae was the first main sequence star determined to have more than one extrasolar planet. So far, three planets have been discovered within the system; all three are believed to be gas giants.
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Extrasolar planets
υ Andromedae b
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υ Andromedae b is a gas giant that orbits extremely close to the star.
υ Andromedae c
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υ Andromedae c is a gas giant with twice the mass of Jupiter that orbits closer to the star than Earth is to the Sun.
υ Andromedae d
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υ Andromedae d is a large gas giant 4 times the mass of Jupiter. It has an eccentric orbit within the star's habitability zone.
History of discovery
The innermost planet (b) was discovered in 1996 and announced in January of 1997 by Geoffrey Marcy and R. Paul Butler, both astronomers at San Francisco State University (SFSU). Because of its closeness to the parent star, it induced a large wobble which was detected relatively easily. However, some additional wobble in the star remained unexplained, and it was suggested there might be a second planet in orbit. In the end, astronomers at both SFSU and the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics independently concluded that, in fact, a three-planet model best fit the data. These results were announced on April 15, 1999.
The existence of further planets too small to detect has not been ruled out.
See also
- PSR 1257+12 - the first extrasolar planetary system discovered
- Extrasolar planet
- Planetary system
- List of stars with confirmed extrasolar planets
External links
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- SFSU page on Upsilon Andromedae (http://www.physics.sfsu.edu/~gmarcy/planetsearch/upsand/upsand.html)
- Harvard-Smithsonian CfA page on Upsilon Andromedae (http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/afoe/upsAnd.html)
- Upsilon Andromedae (http://www.extrasolar.net/star.asp?StarID=3) from extrasolar.net (http://www.extrasolar.net) and:
- Upsilon Andromedae b (http://www.extrasolar.net/planet.asp?PlanetID=3)
- Upsilon Andromedae c (http://www.extrasolar.net/planet.asp?PlanetID=72)
- Upsilon Andromedae d (http://www.extrasolar.net/planet.asp?PlanetID=73)
- Mystery Solved: How The Orbits Of Extrasolar Planets Became So Eccentric (http://www.spacedaily.com/news/extrasolar-05t.html) (SpaceDaily)de:Ypsilon Andromedae